Engineering on Iron-Oxide-Based Nanoparticles for High-Performance Magnetic Resonance Imaging

第一章，我们简要介绍了MRI的技术背景、MRI造影剂的研究背景以及基于磁性氧化铁纳米材料的合成和生物功能化应用，主要探讨了MRI造影剂材料的研究现状和潜在问题。我们分析了磁性材料（包括分子螯合物配合物类和纳米颗粒类）作为MRI造影剂的关键因素，勾勒出了对于磁性材料的优化设计及其MRI应用的重要切入点。最后，我们简单探讨了氧化铁纳米材料的合成以及表面生物功能化对于其生物医学应用的重要性。 第二章，我们研究了一种独特磁铁矿型超顺磁氧化铁纳米片，这种纳米片可以通过合成调控得到厚度不同的样品，表现出增强的而且具有相互作用性的T1和T2造影性能。我们阐明了氧化铁纳米片中增强的T1造影性能主要与水质子在...In the Chapter one, we briefly introduced the background of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, the research about MRI contrast agents, and the design of iron-oxide-based nanoparticles as high-performance MRI contrast agents. Besides, we discussed the current status and underlying issues on the research of nanoparticle-based MRI contrast agents. We outlined the key factors influencing MRI ...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院_化学生物学学号：2052012015348

経過観察中、腹部エコーにて肝内多発性結節を認めたWilson病の1例

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科環境社会医

Artificial local magnetic field inhomogeneity enhances T2 relaxivity

磁性探针作为分子影像技术中的磁共振成像（MRI）造影剂在医学诊断中发挥着重要作用。为满足实际诊断中的准确性和精确性要求，科研工作者们长期致力于发展高性能的MRI造影剂以降低高剂量的使用带来的潜在风险。该文章指出了探针聚集体中局域磁场不均匀性是影响T2弛豫效能的关键因素。该文章首次利用磁场不均匀性因素阐明了单个探针和它们聚集体的MRI造影剂之间的相互关系，将可能成为弥补探针聚集体的造影剂理论的空白，并为发展新型高效的MRI造影剂提供重要参考。 该论文共同第一作者为博士后周子健和博士生田蕊，通讯作者为陈小元教授和聂立铭博士，部分工作得到我校物理学系王瑞方教授和化学化工学院高锦豪教授的支持。【Abstract】Clustering of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is perhaps the most effective, yet intriguing strategy to enhance T2 relaxivity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood and the attempts to generalize the classic outersphere theory from single particles to clusters have been found to be inadequate. Here we show that clustering of MNPs enhances local field inhomogeneity due to reduced field symmetry, which can be further elevated by artificially involving iron oxide NPs with heterogeneous geometries in terms of size and shape. The r2 values of iron oxide clusters and Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert simulations confirmed our hypothesis, indicating that solving magnetic field inhomogeneity may become a powerful way to build correlation between magnetization and T2 relaxivity of MNPs, especially magnetic clusters. This study provides a simple yet distinct mechanism to interpret T2 relaxivity of MNPs, which is crucial to the design of high-performance MRI contrast agents.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (81571744 and 81601489), the National Basic Research Program of China (863 Program 2015AA020502), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720170065), the Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No. 2014Y2004), and by the Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH). 研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金委、国家高技术研究发展计划863项目、福建省重大研发平台项目和美国NIH Intramural Research Program的资助

Artificial local magnetic field inhomogeneity enhances T2 relaxivity

磁性探针作为分子影像技术中的磁共振成像（MRI）造影剂在医学诊断中发挥着重要作用。为满足实际诊断中的准确性和精确性要求，科研工作者们长期致力于发展高性能的MRI造影剂以降低高剂量的使用带来的潜在风险。该文章指出了探针聚集体中局域磁场不均匀性是影响T2弛豫效能的关键因素。该文章首次利用磁场不均匀性因素阐明了单个探针和它们聚集体的MRI造影剂之间的相互关系，将可能成为弥补探针聚集体的造影剂理论的空白，并为发展新型高效的MRI造影剂提供重要参考。 该论文共同第一作者为博士后周子健和博士生田蕊，通讯作者为陈小元教授和聂立铭博士，部分工作得到我校物理学系王瑞方教授和化学化工学院高锦豪教授的支持。【Abstract】Clustering of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is perhaps the most effective, yet intriguing strategy to enhance T2 relaxivity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood and the attempts to generalize the classic outersphere theory from single particles to clusters have been found to be inadequate. Here we show that clustering of MNPs enhances local field inhomogeneity due to reduced field symmetry, which can be further elevated by artificially involving iron oxide NPs with heterogeneous geometries in terms of size and shape. The r2 values of iron oxide clusters and Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert simulations confirmed our hypothesis, indicating that solving magnetic field inhomogeneity may become a powerful way to build correlation between magnetization and T2 relaxivity of MNPs, especially magnetic clusters. This study provides a simple yet distinct mechanism to interpret T2 relaxivity of MNPs, which is crucial to the design of high-performance MRI contrast agents.This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (81571744 and 81601489), the National Basic Research Program of China (863 Program 2015AA020502), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720170065), the Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No. 2014Y2004), and by the Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH). 研究工作得到了国家自然科学基金委、国家高技术研究发展计划863项目、福建省重大研发平台项目和美国NIH Intramural Research Program的资助

大学生の過去の部活動経験とハーディネスとの関連

People that can experience a high degree of stress without falling ill are known to have a personality structure that differentiate them from those who easily become ill under stress. This personality difference is best characterized by the term hardiness (Kobasa , 1978). Hardiness is considered to consist of three elements,: commitment, control, and challenge. This study investigated the relationship between extracurricular activities and hardiness of university. Results indicated the following. (1) The stress of extracurricular activities improved commitment. (2) The stress of practice time in non-dropout group also increased commitment

3Dバイオプリンタでつなぐ関節治療の再生医工学研究と関節鏡手術シミュレータ研究の融合

　We performed the following two preliminary trials which are connected with a 3D bioprinting technology in this study. The first one was to seek which soft tissues from the knee joint can provide mesenchymal stem cells for a tissue-engineered cartilage. For this study, we investigated relative values of three genetic markers by the mesenchymal stem cells from the above soft tissues. Thus, we found an efficacy of the above soft tissues for the cell section for the regenerative medicine around the knee joint. The second one was to investigate mechanical properties of the soft tissues for the future regenerative therapy and/or the development of surgical simulator for arthroscopy using a developed probing device or classical experimental instruments. Thus, we found some mechanical parameters of the soft tissues for the regenerative medicine when making them with the 3D bioprinter