Experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens

作者简介: 祁明信, 男, 1945 年7 月 出生, 教授、主任医师、博士研究生 导师, 主要从事白内障的基础与临 床研究。联系电话: 0591-83570887; E-mail:qihuang@netease. com 通讯作者: 黄秀榕,E-mail:[email protected][中文文摘]目的开展晶状体再灌注的离体和动物实验研究,并对再灌注人工晶状体技术进行评价。方法采用新鲜离体幼兔眼、离体猪眼、新西兰白兔眼,应用自行研制的人工晶状体材料,进行以下实验:(1)体外固化实验;(2)晶状体前囊膜微型撕囊及其稳固性实验;(3)经微型前囊膜开口超声乳化吸出晶状体内容物实验;(4)活的新西兰白兔眼内人工晶状体再灌注实验。结果(1)按硅酮聚合物与固化剂50:1的比例可获得柔软、弹性好、固化时间短(完全固化时间为60min)的注入材料;(2)晶状体前囊膜1.8～2.0mm的连续环形撕囊口具有较好的稳定性,可经该微型开口吸出晶状体内容物并灌注材料;(3)超声能量18%、流量25mL·min-1、负压120mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)为晶状体内容物经微型前囊膜开口吸出的最佳条件;(4)注入灌注材料后可形成由晶状体囊膜包裹的、置换原晶状体皮质和核的、新的再灌注人工晶状体。结论采用再灌注人工晶状体的方法可进行新型人工晶状体再灌注,可为治疗白内障和老视提供参考。[英文文摘]Objective To carry out the experimental study on reperfusion of intraocular lens(IOLs) in vitro or in animal,and to assess the technique of IOLs reperfusion.Methods The following experiments were performed by using self-developed materials in fresh rabbit eyes and pig eyes in vitro,as well as in eyes of alive New-Zea-land rabbits:(1)Solidification study of self-developed material in vitro;(2)Continuous circular capsulorhexis(CCC) in anterior capsule of lens and its stability;(3)Draw of lens contents via phaco through mini-CCC;(4)IOLs ref illing in the eyes of alive New-Zea land rabbits. Results(1) Thematerialwhich was soft, springy and short-term solidification(full solidification time was 60 minutes) were obtained in certain proportion of geland solidified agent(50:1) in vitro; ( 2)The CCC in anterior capsule of lens with 1.8-2.0 mm diameter had very good stability. The lens contents were drawn and the materialwere refilled through themini-CCC; (3) The best conditions of drawing out lens contents through m ini-CCC were phaco energy 18% , flow 25 mL·min- 1, and negative pressure 120 mmH g (1kPa=7.5 mmHg);(4) The new refilled IOLs, which were wrapped by capsule of lens and were replaced original cortex and nucleus of lens, were obtained after thematerial refillied. Conc lusion. New IOLs are refilled through this method, which can prov ide reference for the treatment of cataract and presbyopia.福建省科技三项费用;教育厅重点资助项目基金资助(编号:K98041

一种微生物油脂的制备方法

本发明涉及一种微生物油脂的制备方法，首先将N-乙酰葡糖胺和/或葡糖胺制成总浓度为20～200g/L的水溶液，添加0～3g/L其它营养成份，灭菌后接入产油微生物种子液，接种量v/v为2％～20％，于20～37℃通气培养36～240小时，停止发酵，离心收集菌体，破碎菌体，经有机溶剂提取获得微生物油脂。每100g N-乙酰葡糖胺和/或葡糖胺可获得含油率为15～66％的产油酵母干菌体12.0g～ 45.0g。本方法使用的原料具有来源丰富、价格低廉的特点，并且发酵获取油脂工艺简便、方法易行，是一种利用可再生资源、几乎不额外占用耕地、可连续生产的微生物油脂制备新途径。带填

一种NAD+类似物及其合成和应用

本发明公开了一种NAD+类似物及其合成和应用，其结构式I，是由烟酰胺单核苷酸与相应的醇反应生成的磷酸二酯化合物。其中R为C4-C15饱和或不饱和的烷基，或含有杂原子的C2-C10饱和或不饱和烷基A；(R见式II)。该NAD+类似物可以促进微生物如大肠杆菌和酿酒酵母的生长；也可作为脱氢酶辅因子用于催化氧化还原反应。带填

Biodiesel-Oriented Microbial Lipid Research

Biodiesel is a mixture of long-chain fatty acid methyl esters. It was made from vegetable oil and fats, and is renewable with outstanding combustion profile. It will be beneficial to meet ever-growing energy demanding if biodiesel is widely applied. On the other hand, carbohydrates, either from starchy material or lignocellulosic biomass, are the most abundant renewable resources. In this context, it is pivotal to convert carbohydrates into products with similar properties to conventional fossil fuel. Some microorganisms can accumulate lipid to more than 20 wt% of their biomass when carbohydrates or related carbon sources are metabolized. Microbial lipid, especially produced by yeasts, consists mainly of triacylglycerides with fatty acid compositional profile similar to those of the commercial vegetable oils. Because it can be obtained from renewable raw materials, and be produced continuously with no extensive arable land requirement, microbial lipid has been considered as potential feedstock for biodiesel industry and an important topic for industrial biotechnology. Microbial lipid production is an aerobic biochemical process that generates intracellular lipid using organic substrates. During the past few years, we have advocated the proposal of Biomass-to-Biodiesel that produces biodiesel using lignocellulosic materials. This proposal included three steps, 1) Hydrolysis of lignocellulose to carbohydrates; 2) Lipid production with oleaginous microorganisms; and 3) Transesterification of microbial lipid to biodiesel. We identified a hand of outstanding oleaginous yeasts, including Rhodosporidium toruloides, Lipomyces starkeyi, and Cryptococcus curvatus. These yeasts produced microbial lipid using materials including glucose, xylose, N-acetylglucosamine, raw glycerol, corn stalk hydrolysates and Jerusalem artichoke juice. We optimized lipid production processes. When using the yeast R. toruloides Y4 as the lipid producer in a 15-L bioreactor, we achieved lipid content, production titer and lipid productivity of over 65 wt%, 100 g/L and 0.8 g/l/h, respectively. We also demonstrated that biodiesel can be produced using either oleaginous microbial biomass or microbial lipid as the feedstock. Taken together, we will report the most recent progresses in biodiesel-oriented microbial lipid research in Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Biodiversity and screening of culturable actinobacteria against Fusarium oxysporum isolated from mangrove soil in Maowei sea

目的研究茅尾海红树林植物根际土壤放线菌多样性并进行抗菌活性筛选,为发现放线菌新物种以及新农用生防菌奠定基础。方法采用传统涂布分离方法和复合营养成分培养基,从25份红树林土壤样品中分离放线菌;通过PCR扩增菌株16S r RNA基因序列,并通过构建系统发育树研究放线菌多样性;采用纸片扩散法分析放线菌发酵液和乙酸乙酯萃取浓缩液对2种尖孢镰刀菌菌体拮抗和孢子萌发抑制活性。结果通过排重获得117株放线菌,16S r RNA基因序列比对分析表明117株放线菌分布于6个亚目10个科19个属,除优势菌属链霉菌属外,还发现纤维微球菌属,戈登菌属,栖白蚁菌属,拟诺卡菌属和植物放线孢菌属等稀有放线菌属;尖孢镰刀菌拮抗活性试验表面,共有23株放线菌在至少1个抗菌活性检测中显示为阳性,总阳性率为19.66%。结论广西北部湾茅尾海红树林根际土壤中存在丰富的放线菌资源,具有从中发现新物种和新型农用生防菌的潜力。Objective To investigate the biodiversity and bioactivity of anti-Fusarium oxysporum of actinobacteria isolated from mangrove soil in Maowei sea in Guangxi Province. Methods Actinobacteria were isolated from a total of 25 soil samples by traditional plate dilution method only using one isolation media containing nutritional composition. Diversity of culturable actinobacteria were analyzed based on comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The antiftmgal activity of ethyl acetate extracts from the fermentation broth and crude fermentation broth of the strains were tested by disk diffusion method. Results A total of 117 actinobacteria strains were distributed in 19 genera affiliated with 10 families of 6 orders, including Streptornyces, Cellulosimicrobium, Gordonia, lsoptericola, Nocardiopsis, Plantactinospora, in which Streptomyces was the dominant genera. Twenty-three strainsexhibited positive results in at least one antifungal assay against mycelia growth or spore germination, and the total positive rate was 19.66%. Conclusion The study indicated that the abundance of culturable actinobacteria with antibiotic activity to Fusarium oxysporum in mangrove soilde served further exploration and research for biocontrol strains.国家自然科学基金(No.31260004,31660005)； 南宁市科技局项目(No.20153330)； 广西民族大学相思湖青年学者创新团队资助项目(No.201406

转化N-乙酰-D-葡糖胺产油真菌的筛选

对21株真菌利用甲壳素解聚产物N-乙酰-D-葡糖胺（NAG）为碳源积累油脂的能力进行了筛选。碳源同化实验得到可同化NAG的真菌7株，进一步筛选出能利用NAG积累油脂的酵母3株。摇瓶实验表明，C．albidus ATCC 56298和T.fermentans CICC1368利用NAG发酵菌体油脂含量可分别达到67％和48％。气相色谱分析表明菌油富含棕榈酸、硬脂酸和油酸，与常规植物油脂的脂肪酸组成相似。研究结果拓宽了微生物油脂发酵的原料

CLINICAL TREATMENT of CHRONICAL HEPATITIS B BY NATIONAL THYMOSIN PLUS INTERFERON α1b AND ITS MECHANISM

本文研究大剂量胸腺肽联合干扰素对慢性乙肝患者的治疗作用，发现胸腺肽联合干扰素治疗三个月后，患者的AlT复常率、HbEAg转阴率、HbVdnA阴转率和HbVdnA有效下降率分别为760%、440%、560%和960%。T淋巴细胞亚群分析结果表明，联合治疗后，患者外周血Cd4＋淋巴细胞亚群上调，Cd8＋亚群下调，二者比值趋于正常，说明国产胸腺肽联合干扰素治疗慢性乙肝的治疗机理与免疫调节作用有关。The purpose of this paper was to observe the effects o f clinical treatment of chronic hepatitis B by national thymosin plus interferon α1b and study its machanisms.The parameters of HBV-M,HBV DNA and CD-antigens of T cells were detected by ELISA,PCR and immunochemical dying assay after three m onths of the thymosin treatment.The rates of normal-turning of ALT,negative-turn ing of HBeAg,negative-turning of HBV DNA, and effective downing of HBV DNA in pa tients with chronic hepatitis B were 76.0%,44.00%,56.0%,and 96.0%,respectively.A t the same time,T CD4 + cells in the peripheral blood of patients was up-regula ted,T CD8 + was down-regulated;and ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + is tend to be normal, indicating that its mechanism of thymosin plus interferon α1b in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B may be related to immuno-regulation.厦门市科委资

固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的制备工艺优化 及其酶学性质 Optimization of preparation process of immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase and its enzymatic properties

以海藻酸钠-羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）为复合载体，戊二醛为交联剂，探究了包埋-交联法制备固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的最佳工艺条件，并对固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的酶学性质进行分析。结果表明，制备固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的最佳工艺条件为海藻酸钠质量分数2.5%、CMC质量分数1.5%、脂肪酶液浓度800 U/mL、CaCl2质量分数5%、戊二醛质量分数0.03%、交联固定化时间30 min，在此条件下固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶的酶活力为245.58 U/g，与游离脂肪酶相比，固定化脂肪酶热稳定性和pH稳定性均有所提高。交联剂戊二醛的添加可以提高固定化脂肪酶的操作稳定性和储存稳定性，在重复使用7次后相对酶活力保持在57.39%，在4 ℃下存放7周后相对酶活力为61.89%。包埋-交联法制备的固定化米黑根毛霉脂肪酶具有更好的稳定性和适应性，为实现植物油酶法酯化脱酸工业化生产提供参考。With sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) as the compound carrier, glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent, the process conditions of preparing immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase(RML) by embedding- crosslinking method was optimized, and its enzymatic properties were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal process conditions of preparing immobilized RML were obtained as follows: sodium alginate mass fraction 2.5%, CMC mass fraction 1.5%, enzyme concentration 800 U/mL, CaCl2 mass fraction 5%, glutaraldehyde mass fraction 0.03% and crosslinking immobilization time 30 min. Under these conditions, the enzyme activity of immobilized RML was 245.58 U/g. Moreover, the immobilized enzyme was performed better in pH stability and thermal stability than free lipase. The addition of crosslinking agent glutaraldehyde could improve the operation stability and storage stability of immobilized lipase, and after recycling 7 times and storing at 4 ℃ for 7 weeks, the relative activity of immobilized RML still kept at 57.39% and 61.89%, respectively. Thus, the immobilized RML prepared by embedding-crosslinking method had better stability and adaptability and laid the foundation for industrial production of enzymatic esterification deacidification

CLINICAL TREATMENT of CHRONICAL HEPATITIS B BY NATIONAL THYMOSIN AND ITS MECHANISM

本文观察大剂量胸腺肽对慢性乙肝患者的治疗作用并研究其作用机理。用ElISA、PCr 和免疫化学染色法等比较分析胸腺肽治疗三个月后，AlT、HbV- M 和HbV dnA 等指标变化，发现患者AlT 复常率、HbEAg 转阴率、HbV dnA 阴转率和HbV dnA 有效下降率分别为58.33 % 、33.33 % 、41.67 % 和91.67 % ；同时患者外周血Cd4 ＋淋巴细胞亚群上调，Cd8 ＋ 亚群下调，二者比值趋于正常。说明国产胸腺肽治疗慢性乙肝有较好的应用前景，其治疗机理与免疫调节作用有关。The purpose of this paper was to observe the effects of clinical treatment of chronic hepatitis B by national thymosin and study its machanisms The parameters of HBV-M,HBV DNA and CD-antigens of T cells were detected by ELISA,PCR and immunochemical dying assay after three months of the thymosin treatment The rates of normal-turning of ALT,negative-turning of HBeAg, negative-turning of HBV DNA, and effective downing of HBV DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B were 58 33%, 33 33%, 41 67%,and 91 67%,respectively At the same time,T CD4 + cells in the peripheral blood of patients was up-regulated,T CD8 + was down-regulated;and ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + is tend to be normal These findings showed that thymosin had a proposing feature in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and its mechanism may be related to immuno-regulation厦门市科委资助课