Comparative Study of Working Memory Ability in Schizophreniac Patients Using the Visual Digital and Visual Spatial N-back Tasks

目的：通过不同记忆负荷的视觉数字和视觉空间n-back任务,了解精神分裂症患者的工作记忆能力的受损情况。方法：选取精神分裂症患者33例（患者组）及正常对照50例（对照组）,分别完成视觉数字、视觉空间两种n-back范式任务,以信号检测论中的辨别力指标来评价受试者的工作记忆能力。结果：在各范式和记忆负荷下,患者组的辨别力低于对照组（P〈0.05）。随着记忆负荷的增大,无论是患者组还是对照组的辨别力都有显著下降。视觉数字n-back记忆负荷与分组的交互作用不显著（P=0.223）,视觉空间n-back记忆负荷与分组的交互作用显著（P=0.000）。结论：精神分裂症患者存在工作记忆能力受损,且其工作记忆能力的损害独立于精神症状之外;精神分裂症患者工作记忆的受损对视觉空间工作记忆负荷的增加表现得更为敏感。 Objective： To study the schizophreniac＇s working memory using the visual digital and visual spatial n-back in different memory loads. Methods： Thirty-three schizophreniac patients（case group） and 50 normal controls（control group） were recruited to accomplish the visual digital and visual spatial n-back in different memory loads. The performance of the working memory was evaluatedby discriminative power（d＇）. Results： The discriminative power（d＇） in the case group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）.With the increase of the memory load, the discriminative power（d＇） decreased significantly in the both groups. The interaction between the memory load and groups was evident（P = 0.000） in visual spatial n-back, while the interaction between the memory load and groups was not（P = 0.223） in visual digital n-back. Conclusion： Working memory impairments in schizophreniac patients are independent of the mental symptoms.Working memory impairments in schizophrenia patients are more sensitive to the increase of the spatial working memory loads.</p

Aberrant functional connectivity within and across the default mode, central-executive, and salience network in patients with schizophrenia: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者脑静息态默认网络、中心执行网络及突显网络的网络内及网络间的功能连接特点.方法 对74例精神分裂症患者(患者组)和79名相匹配的健康者(对照组)进行静息态fMRI扫描.采取功能连接分析方法,以内侧前额叶皮质及右侧前岛叶为感兴趣区域分别提取默认网络、中心执行网络及突显网络,分析3个网络内及网络间静息态功能连接情况;并对有差异的功能连接与精神症状及病程等进行偏相关分析.结果 与对照组相比,患者组内侧前额叶皮质与双侧背外侧前额叶皮质(左侧-0.02±0.18与-0.12±0.12,t=4.25,P＜0.01;右侧-0.02±0.11与-0.10±0.10,t=5.40,P＜0.01)、双侧豆状壳核(左侧0.14±0.12与0.04±0.10,t=5.03,P＜0.01;右侧0.13±0.11与0.03±0.98,t=4.96,P＜0.01)的功能连接增强;右侧前岛叶与左侧额中回(-0.05±0.17与-0.07±0.17,t=4.60,P＜0.01)及楔前叶/后扣带回(0.01±0.13与-0.09±0.14,t=4.01,P＜0.01)的功能连接增强(均采用高斯随机场理论校正,体素水平P＜0.01,簇水平P＜0.05);默认网络与中心执行网络、突显网络间的负向功能连接减小甚至消失(Bonferroni校正P＜0.05).患者组PANSS阳性症状分与右侧前岛叶与楔前叶/后扣带回皮质间的功能连接呈正相关(r=0.232,P=0.025);患者组病程与右侧前岛叶与左侧额中回(r=0.288,P=0.007)、楔前叶/后扣带回(r=0.196,P=0.049)间的功能连接呈正相关.结论 精神分裂症患者存在静息态默认网络、中心执行网络及突显网络3个网络间的连接异常,可能与精神分裂症的病理机制有关

精神分裂症患者脑静息态默认网络和中心执行网络及突显网络关系的初步探讨

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者脑静息态默认网络、中心执行网络及突显网络的网络内及网络间的功能连接特点.方法 对74例精神分裂症患者(患者组)和79名相匹配的健康者(对照组)进行静息态fMRI扫描.采取功能连接分析方法,以内侧前额叶皮质及右侧前岛叶为感兴趣区域分别提取默认网络、中心执行网络及突显网络,分析3个网络内及网络间静息态功能连接情况;并对有差异的功能连接与精神症状及病程等进行偏相关分析.结果 与对照组相比,患者组内侧前额叶皮质与双侧背外侧前额叶皮质(左侧-0.02±0.18与-0.12±0.12,t=4.25,P＜0.01;右侧-0.02±0.11与-0.10±0.10,t=5.40,P＜0.01)、双侧豆状壳核(左侧0.14±0.12与0.04±0.10,t=5.03,P＜0.01;右侧0.13±0.11与0.03±0.98,t=4.96,P＜0.01)的功能连接增强;右侧前岛叶与左侧额中回(-0.05±0.17与-0.07±0.17,t=4.60,P＜0.01)及楔前叶/后扣带回(0.01±0.13与-0.09±0.14,t=4.01,P＜0.01)的功能连接增强(均采用高斯随机场理论校正,体素水平P＜0.01,簇水平P＜0.05);默认网络与中心执行网络、突显网络间的负向功能连接减小甚至消失(Bonferroni校正P＜0.05).患者组PANSS阳性症状分与右侧前岛叶与楔前叶/后扣带回皮质间的功能连接呈正相关(r=0.232,P=0.025);患者组病程与右侧前岛叶与左侧额中回(r=0.288,P=0.007)、楔前叶/后扣带回(r=0.196,P=0.049)间的功能连接呈正相关.结论 精神分裂症患者存在静息态默认网络、中心执行网络及突显网络3个网络间的连接异常,可能与精神分裂症的病理机制有关

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies