A Study on the Copyright’s Collective Management

网络环境下的著作权集体管理是近来国际知识产权领域讨论的热点，也是我国法律修改的重点。虽然近几年我国对《著作权法》作了修订，《著作权集体管理条例》也已经颁布实施，但是相关法律制度仍不完善。对网络环境下的著作权集体管理制度我国法律界还没有深入地研究。本文以比较分析的方法明确了网络传输的内涵，阐明了网络环境下进行著作权集体管理的必要性。同时借鉴外国法和国际条约对著作权集体管理制度的规定以及新动态，结合我国著作权集体管理制度的现状，提出了完善我国著作权集体管理的具体设想。本文包括前言、主文和结束语三部分，主文共五章，具体内容如下：第一章“网络传输对作品使用的影响”，主要对数字化、数字化作品和网络传输三...Under the cyberspace environment, the copyright’s collective management is a popular topic that has been discussed in international information copyright area recently; it is also an important modification part in Chinese legal system. Our government amended the “Copyright Law”, and “Collectivity Management of Copyright Ordinances” implemented in the past years, but the relative legal system is st...学位：法学硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_经济法学学号：20020807

痤疮发病机制及其药物治疗的研究进展

目的：了解痤疮的发病机制及其药物治疗的研究进展,为其临床治疗提供参考。方法：查阅近年来国内外相关文献,就痤疮的发病机制及其药物治疗的研究进展进行归纳和总结。结果：痤疮的发病机制主要为雄激素分泌异常、痤疮丙酸杆菌的大量繁殖、炎症损害和免疫失常及毛囊皮脂腺导管角化异常等。痤疮的局部治疗药物中维A酸类药物与抗菌药物可联用于治疗轻、中度痤疮,其中全反式维A酸、阿达帕林与他扎罗汀是治疗轻度痤疮的首选药物,全反式维A酸常联合外用抗菌药物治疗中度痤疮,阿达帕林和克林霉素分别与过氧化苯甲酰联用、果酸参与的联合给药方案也用于治疗痤疮。口服治疗药物中维A酸类药物主要用于重度痤疮,第一代的异维A酸较第二代疗效更好,但均有致畸作用;口服抗菌药物适用于中、重度痤疮患者,多西环素与米诺环素是首选药物,米诺环素联用过氧化苯甲酰疗效好;大环内酯类抗菌药物口服后不良反应较多,故常作为外用药;口服激素类药物中的抗雄激素类药物用于女性患者,但长期使用会引发高胰岛素血症;螺内酯有潜在的安全问题,西咪替丁抗雄激素效果较弱,不作为治疗痤疮的常用药物;糖皮质激素类药物常用于暴发性痤疮或聚合性痤疮的治疗,使用剂量须严格控制。结论：痤疮的治疗应根据痤疮的发生原因和严重程度选择合理的用药方案,增加疗效并减少不良反应的发生,并注意药物相互作用,提高用药安全性。军队医疗机构制剂标准提高科研专项课题（No.14ZJZ17

The Influence of Magnesium Concentration for the Survival Rate of Bufo melanostictus Tadpoles in the Acidity Water and Alkaline Water

[目的]研究野外黑眶蟾蜍(Bufo melanostictus)蝌蚪的生存状况。[方法]研究分别在碱性水(p H 7.5~8.0)以及酸性水(p H 5.5~6.0)2种模拟环境条件下,通过急性毒性试验方法以不同的浓度梯度Mg~(2+)对黑眶蟾蜍蝌蚪进行24和48 h的胁迫试验。[结果]在相同浓度梯度和相同观察时间下,黑眶蟾蜍蝌蚪在碱性水中的存活率低于酸性水;不同p H的水环境与Mg~(2+)的协同作用显著影响黑眶蟾蜍蝌蚪的48 h存活率(F7,32=3.373,P<0.05);黑眶蟾蜍蝌蚪在酸性水环境下适宜生存的Mg~(2+)浓度范围为1 418.41~1 590.54 mg/L,半致死浓度(LC_(50))为2 357.32 mg/L,安全浓度为521.51 mg/L;在碱性水环境下适宜生存的Mg~(2+)浓度范围为1 264.91~1 418.41 mg/L,LC_(50)为1 879.81 mg/L,安全浓度为533.99 mg/L。[结论]该研究可为今后黑眶蟾蜍的保护提供理论依据。[Objective]The aim was to study the survival status of Bufo melanostictus tadpoles in the field.[Method]The regular acute toxicity test was carried out that Bufo melanostictus tadpoles were breed in the alkaline water( p H 7.5-8.0) and acidity water( p H 5.5-6.0)with different Mg~(2+) concentration gradient for 24 and 48 h.[Result]The results showed that the survival rate of Bufo melanostictus tadpoles in the alkaline water was lower than the acidity water in the same condition.Synergistic effects of different p H and Mg~(2+) concentration had a significant effect on the survival rate of Bufo melanostictus tadpoles in the 48 h toxicity experiment( F7,32= 3.373,P < 0.05).In the acidity water environment,48 h toxicity experiment results showed that the optimal Mg~(2+) concentration was 1 418.41-1 590.54 mg / L,the median lethal concentration( LC_(50)) was 2 357.32 mg/L and the safe concentration was 521.51 mg/L.By contract,these three indexes in the alkaline water environment were 1 264.91-1 418.41,1 879.81 and 533.99 mg / L,respectively.[Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for protection of Bufo melanostictus.国家自然科学基金项目(31271124);; 广东省自然科学基金项目(s2013010016062

武夷山亮叶水青冈林物种多样性研究

本文为武夷山自然保护区生物多样性GEF项目内容之一,调查了保护区内不同海拔高度的代表性森林生态系统的物种多样性。亮叶水青冈林是山地的代表性森林生态系统之一。应用Shannon—Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度、Simpson指数和PIE对武夷山亮叶水青冈群落高等植物进行了物种多样性研究。结果表明该群落的Shannon—Wiener指数值为1.2973,Pielou均匀度为34.71％,Simpson指数为2.4777,PIE为0.5964,群落的乔木层物种多样性较高,各项多样性指数分别为2.5757,89.11％,12.1179和0.9175,灌木层、草本层的多样性指数值极低

Architecture of a Database System

数据库管理系统（DBMS）广泛存在于现代计算机系统中，并且是其重要的组成部分。它是学术界以及工业界数十年研究和发展的成果。在计算机发展史上，数据库属于最早开发的多用户服务系统之一，因此，它的研究也催生了许多为保证系统可拓展性以及稳定性的系统开发技术，这些技术如今被应用于许多其他的领域。虽然许多数据库的相关算法和概念广泛见于教科书中，但关于如何让一个数据库工作的系统设计问题却鲜有资料介绍。本文从体系架构角度探讨数据库设计的一些准则，包括处理模型、并行架构、存储系统设计、事务处理系统、查询处理及优化结构以及具有代表性的共享组件和应用。当业界有多种设计方式可供选择时，我们以当前成功的商业开源软件作为参考标准

Facile and straightforward synthesis of superparamagnetic reduced graphene oxide–Fe3O4 hybrid composite by a solvothermal reaction

E-mail Addresses: [email protected] superparamagnetic reduced graphene oxide-Fe3O4 hybrid composite (rGO-Fe3O4) was prepared via a facile and straightforward method through the solvothermal reaction of iron (III) acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)(3)) and graphene oxide (GO) in ethylenediamine (EDA) and water. By this method, chemical reduction of GO as well as the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) can be achieved in one step. The Fe3O4 NPs are firmly deposited on the surfaces of rGO, avoiding their reassembly to graphite. The rGO sheets prevent the agglomeration of Fe3O4 NPs and enable a uniform dispersion of these metal oxide particles. The size distribution and coverage density of Fe3O4 NPs deposited on rGO can be controlled by varying the initial mass ratio of GO and iron precursor, Fe(acac)(3). With an initial mass ratio of GO and Fe(acac)(3) of 5:5, the surfaces of rGO sheets are densely covered by spherical Fe3O4 NPs with an average size of 19.9 nm. The magnetic-functionalized rGO hybrid exhibits a good magnetic property and the specific saturation magnetization (M-S) is 13.2 emu g(-1). The adsorption test of methylene blue from aqueous solution demonstrates the potential application of this rGO-Fe3O4 hybrid composite in removing organic dyes from polluted water.National Key Basic Research Program of China 2013CB933901 National Natural Science Foundation of China 21171140 21021061 21031004 U1205111 Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2011121013 2012121020 NFFTBS J103041

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VIII. Physical Interpretation of the Polarized Ring

In a companion paper, we present the first spatially resolved polarized image of Sagittarius A* on event horizon scales, captured using the Event Horizon Telescope, a global very long baseline interferometric array operating at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. Here we interpret this image using both simple analytic models and numerical general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations. The large spatially resolved linear polarization fraction (24%–28%, peaking at ∼40%) is the most stringent constraint on parameter space, disfavoring models that are too Faraday depolarized. Similar to our studies of M87*, polarimetric constraints reinforce a preference for GRMHD models with dynamically important magnetic fields. Although the spiral morphology of the polarization pattern is known to constrain the spin and inclination angle, the time-variable rotation measure (RM) of Sgr A* (equivalent to ≈46° ± 12° rotation at 228 GHz) limits its present utility as a constraint. If we attribute the RM to internal Faraday rotation, then the motion of accreting material is inferred to be counterclockwise, contrary to inferences based on historical polarized flares, and no model satisfies all polarimetric and total intensity constraints. On the other hand, if we attribute the mean RM to an external Faraday screen, then the motion of accreting material is inferred to be clockwise, and one model passes all applied total intensity and polarimetric constraints: a model with strong magnetic fields, a spin parameter of 0.94, and an inclination of 150°. We discuss how future 345 GHz and dynamical imaging will mitigate our present uncertainties and provide additional constraints on the black hole and its accretion flow

Effects of Solanum Lyratum Thunb on Multiplication in Human Acute Promyelocytic HL-60 Cells

为研究白英的体外抑瘤作用 ,观察白英水提液对人急性早幼粒白血病 HL -60细胞生长的影响 ,结果显示白英水提液对 HL -60细胞的作用 ,既表现为短时间作用后的细胞杀伤 ,也表现为药物持续作用后的增殖抑制 ,说明白英水提液具有较强的体外抑瘤活性 ,而其抑瘤活性并不局限于直接的细胞毒作用To study the antineoplastic effects of Solanum Lyratum Thunb (SLT)in vitro,the influence of aqueous extract from SLT on the multiplication of human acute promyelocytic HL 60 cells was observed.The result showed that the aqueous extract could kill and wound the part of HL 60 cells in short time as well as inhibit the multiplication after continuous treatment.It indicates that the aqueous extract from SLT has great antineoplastic effects in vitro,which is not limited in immediate celluloto\| xic effects

基于数据生命周期的图书馆科学数据服务研究

数据生命周期是依据科研过程发展而来，从数据产生、加工到数据发布、再利用的一个循环过程。本文首先归纳了数据生命周期理论，在此基础上推演出e-Science环境下图书馆可以尝试开展的科学数据服务方式，划分为数据初次加工、数据再加工和知识抽取三类服务。并且，提供相应案例支持，考察了服务的实践开展情况