Preceding Vehicle Detection Based on Multiple Scale Edge and Local Entropy

摘　要:提出一种基于多尺度边缘和局部熵原理的前方车辆的检测算法。该算法利用车辆图像的边缘和纹理等视觉特征,根据摄像机参数得到远、 中、 近距离的三个尺度的图像,用一种改进的边缘检测算法分析每幅图像的边缘,得到车辆的感兴趣区域 ROI ,最后通过应用局部熵原理来排除错误的结果。对同一帧序列用文中算法和传统算法进行测试,文中算法提高了检测的正确率,并减少了误检的数量,该算法同时适用于静止和运动的车辆,并且对中远距离车辆有较好的检测效果。 Abstract :Presents a preceding vehicle detection algorithm based on multiple scale edge and local ent ropy. Use a combination of edge and texture features of vehicle images. Firstly , three kinds of range images are obtained according to the camera parameters , then these images are analyzed by an improved edge detection method and ROI are calculated. Those ROI are filtered by local ent ropy method and vehicles are located in original images. By same sequence , test this algorithm and other classic algorithms , these experiments illust rate the vehicle detection rate of this algorithm is higher and the error rate of this algorithm is lower than other algorithms. The algorithm can detect both resting and moving cars , and it illust rates good performance for mid - range and distant cars.基金项目:厦门大学 985 二期信息创新平台资助项目;国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项(2006AA01Z129

Study on the central response mechanism in gastric ulcer rats treated by electroacupuncture using ~1H NMR metabolomics techniques

目的:采用核磁共振氢谱技术(~1H; NMR)研究电针胃经穴治疗应激性胃溃疡大鼠大脑皮质、下丘脑、延髓代谢物谱的表达。方法:40只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、胃经组和胆经; 组。利用束缚冷应激法制备应激性胃溃疡模型大鼠,造模成功后用电针分别刺激胃经组和胆经组相关穴位。收集大鼠大脑皮质、下丘脑、延髓,获取一维~1H; NMR谱,并利用模式识别方法分析各组间的代谢轮廓差异。结果:模型组与正常组、胃经组、胆经组大鼠大脑皮质、下丘脑和延髓代谢物谱均有明显区分,其中正; 常组与模型组分离最明显,胃经组最接近正常组,说明其代谢物谱趋向正常。与模型组比较,胃经组大鼠大脑皮质乳酸、萘乙酸、甘露醇等表达上升(P<0.05; ),而肌酸、腺苷、肌苷等表达下降(P<0.05),下丘脑乳酸、肌醇、谷氨酸酯等表达上升(P<0.05),gamma-氨基丁酸等表达下降(P<0.; 05),延髓乳酸、谷氨酸脂、肌醇、丙氨酸等表达上升(P<0.05),而萘乙酸、肌酸等表达下降(P<0.05)。结论:电针胃经穴可调节胃溃疡大鼠大; 脑皮质、下丘脑、延髓的代谢产物表达,大脑皮质、下丘脑和延髓是电针胃经穴治疗胃溃疡的中枢响应位点。Objective: To study the metabolic profiling of the cerebral cortex,; hypothalamus and medulla oblongata from irritable gastric ulcer rats; treated with electroacupuncture on acupoints of the stomach meridian; with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (~1H NMR) spectroscopy. Methods:; Forty SD rats are randomly divided into the control group, the model; group, the stomach meridian group and the gallbladder meridian group.; The irritable gastric ulcer rat model was established by water-immersion; and restraint stress method. After modeling, the rats from the stomach; meridian group and the gallbladder meridian group were treated with; electroacupuncture on the stomach meridian and gallbladder meridian; respectively. ~1H NMR spectroscopy was applied to detect the metabolic; profiling of the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata,; then analyzed metabolic contour differences among the groups using; pattern recognition method. Results: Obvious distinctions were found; between the metabolites spectrum of the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus; and medulla oblongata from the model group, the normal group, the; stomach meridian group and the gallbladder meridian group. More; significant differences were found between the normal group and the; model group, while the metabolites spectrum of the stomach meridian; group was more distinctly close to that in the normal group, indicating; that metabolites spectrum of the stomach meridian group was likely to; normal. Compared with the model group, the concentration of lactic acid,; acetic acid, mannitol increased while creatine, adenosine and inosine; decreased in cerebral cortex of the stomach meridian group (P<0.05), the; concentration of lactic acid, glutamic acid, inositol and alanine; increased while gamma aminobutyric acid decreased in hypothalamus of the; stomach meridian group (P<0.05), the concentration of lactate,; glutamate, myo-lnositol, alanine increased (P<0.05) and naphthylacetic; acid and creatine decreased in medulla oblongata of the stomach meridian; group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Electroacupuncture on acupoints of the; stomach meridian could regulate specific metabolites in the cerebral; cortex, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata, indicating that the cerebral; cortex, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata as the central response site; in the treatment of gastric ulcer by electroacupuncture on acupoints of; the stomach meridian.国家自然科学基金项目; 广东省自然科学基金项目; 深圳市科技计划项

Effects of electropuncture of acupoints on the foot Yangming stomach meridian on metabolic profiling of gastric mucosa in gastric ulcer rats

目的:采用核磁共振氢谱技术(1H; NMR)研究电针胃经穴对应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜组织代谢物谱的表达。方法:40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、胃经组和胆经组。利用束缚-冷应激法; 制备应激性胃溃疡模型大鼠,光镜下观察大鼠胃黏膜组织病理形态学的变化,采用1H NMR技术获取胃黏膜组织1H; NMR谱,并利用模式识别方法分析各组间的代谢物谱的差异。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠胃黏膜损伤和胃黏膜组织代谢轮廓差异明显,胃黏膜组织乙酸、肌; 醇、磷酸胆碱、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、乙醇胺、赖氨酸、3-羟基丁酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、牛磺酸、亮氨酸和甘露醇含量上升(P<0.05),乳酸、甲硫氨酸和天; 冬氨酸含量下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,胃经组和胆经组大鼠胃黏膜得到明显修复,胃经组大鼠胃黏膜组织代谢轮廓更接近正常大鼠,胃黏膜组织甲硫氨; 酸、天冬氨酸含量上升(P<0.05),乙酸、肌醇、磷酸胆碱、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、赖氨酸、异亮氨酸、牛磺酸、乳酸、亮氨酸和甘露醇含量下降(P<0.05; );胆经组大鼠胃黏膜组织3-羟基丁酸、甲硫氨酸含量上升(P<0.05),肌醇、磷酸胆碱、谷氨酸、乙醇胺、异亮氨酸、乳酸、亮氨酸和甘露醇含量下降(; P<0.05)。结论:电针胃经穴可调节胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜组织特异代谢物的表达,促进胃黏膜损伤的修复。Objective: To research the effects of electropuncture of acupoints on; the foot Yangming stomach meridian on metabolic profiling of gastric; mucosa in rats of gastric ulcer induced by stressusing the 1H nuclear; magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly; divided into the control group, the model group, the stomach meridian; group and the gallbladder meridian group. The rat model of gastric ulcer; was induced by the restrained plus cold stress. The pathological changes; in the rat gastric mucosa tissue were observed by light microscope. The; 1H NMR spectroscopy was determined with the 1H NMR technique. And,; meanwhile the differences in the metabolic profiling were identified; with the pattern recognition method. Results: Compared to normal group,; the gastric mucosa damage and gastric mucosa metabolic profiling are; obvious, the concentration of acetic acid, choline, inositol phosphate,; glutamic acid, glycine, ethanolamine, lysine, 3-hydroxy butyric acid,; valine, isoleucine, taurine, leucine and mannitol increase and the; concentration of lactic acid, methionine and aspartic acid decrease in; model group rats (P<0.05). Compared to model group, the gastric mucosa; damage have been recovered in stomach meridian group and gallbladder; meridian group, the metabolic profiling of gastric mocusa tissue in; stomach meridian group are similar to the normal group. The; concentration of methionine, aspartic acid increase and acetic acid,; choline, inositol phosphate, glutamic acid, glycine, lysine, lactic; acid, leucine, isoleucine, taurine, and mannitol decrease in stomach; meridan group (P<0.05). The concentration of 3-hydroxy butyric acid,; methionine increase and choline, inositol phosphate, lactic acid,; leucine, isoleucine, glutamic acid, ethanol amine and mannitol decrease; in gallbladder meridian group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The electropuncture; of acupoints on the foot Yangming stomach meridian could regulate the; metabolic profiling of gastric mucosa, resulting in improving the; gastric mucosa repair of gastric ulcer rats.国家自然科学基金项目; 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目; 广东省自然科学基金项目; 深圳市科技计划项

块状金属玻璃形成能力的研究与进展

大尺寸块状非晶合金的制备和形成能力的表征是目前非晶态合金研究的热点。介绍了科研人员在Inoue经验理论的指导下发现的判定块状金属玻璃形成能力的方法:①用合金摩尔熔化热判定金属玻璃形成能力;②由液相稳定性和抗晶化能力判定金属玻璃形成能力;③由于物理参数研究金属玻璃形成能力。探讨了热力学、动力学和合金液体微观结构3个因素对金属玻璃形成能力的影响。最后指出,块状金属玻璃形成能力的研究是一个比较复杂的问题,应该在积累更多经验的同时致力于研究出一套严谨的理论

Effects of electro-acupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints on serum and urine metabolic profiles of gastric ulcer model rats

目的:采用核磁共振氢谱技术(1H NMR)研究电针胃经穴对胃溃疡模型大鼠血清和尿液代谢轮廓的影响。方法:40只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、胃经穴组和胆经穴组,每组10只。除空白组外,利用束缚冷应激法制备大鼠胃溃疡模型,造模成功后用电针分别刺激胃经组和胆经组相关穴位,收集大鼠的血清和尿液,获取一维1H NMR谱,并利用模式识别方法分析各组间的代谢轮廓差异。结果:与模型组比较,胃经穴组血清中的肌醇、甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸和尿液中的肌酸酐、乳酸、醋酸盐、肌酸、琥珀酸盐、牛磺酸、甘氨酸、苯乙酰甘氨酸、尿囊素、胆碱、三甲胺、甲酸盐、甜菜碱代谢物的表达水平得到了明显地恢复(P<0.05),更接近空白组的代谢水平。结论:电针胃经穴可通过调节胃溃疡大鼠的氨基酸代谢和脂肪代谢促进胃黏膜损伤的修复。Objective: To explore the effects of electro-acupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints on serum and urine metabolic profiles of gastric ulcer model rats by application of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR) spectroscopy. Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, model group, stomach meridian group and gallbladder meridian group, with 10 rats in each group. The gastric ulcer rat model was established by the restrained cold stress method. After modeling, the model rats were treated with electro-acupuncture at the stomach meridian and gallbladder meridian respectively, the serum and urine of rats were collected to obtain one dimensional 1H NMR spectrum, and the differences of metabolic profiles between these groups were analyzed by the pattern recognition method. Results: Compared to model group, the concentration of myo-inositol, glycine, glutamine, isoleucine, valine in serum from the stomach meridian group have obviously recovered and returning to normal level. The urinary metabolites such as Creatinine, lactic acid, acetic acid salt, acid, succinic acid salt, taurine, glycine, phenylacetyl glycine, allantoin, choline, trimethylamine, formate, betaine have also partly recovered after electro-acupuncture stimulation in the stomach meridian(P<0.05). Conclusion: Electro-acupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints could repair the gastric ulcer lesion by regulating the metabolism of lipid and amino acid in rats with gastric ulcer.国家自然科学基金项目(No.81473751,No.81260556);; 广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2014 A030313005);; 福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2015J05168);; 福建省卫生厅科研项目(No.wzpw201301)~

Reaction of p-Chloronitrobenzene Adsorbed on Silver Nanoparticles

Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]; Tel: +86-592-2189023[中文文摘]表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)具有极高的检测灵敏度,通过检测吸附分子的SERS信号,可以获得表面吸附分子的结构以及可能发生的反应.在拉曼激发光源的辐射下,在碱性溶液中,银纳米粒子表面吸附的对氯硝基苯(PCNB)的SERS光谱与其固体的常规拉曼光谱相比,出现异常SERS谱.通过采用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算,对PCNB以及可能的偶联产物p,p′-二氯偶氮苯(DCAB)进行理论分析以及谱峰归属,发现这些异常峰来自其偶联产物DCAB的偶氮C-N=N-C基团的基频振动. [英文文摘]Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) on silver nanoparticles is highly sensitive because of surface plasmon resonance. We have studied the structures and photoinduced chemical reactions of p-chloronitrobenzene (PCNB) molecules adsorbed on silver nanoparticles using a combination of SERS and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. When the PCNB molecules are adsorbed to the surface of silver nanoparticles in alkaline solution, the SERS spectra are very different from the normal Raman spectra of PCNB. Comparison of the DFT simulated Raman spectra of PCNB and p,p-dichloroazobenzene (DCAB) indicates that the new peaks in the SERS spectrum of PCNB adsorbed on silver nanoparticles arise from the azo (C－N＝N－C) group of DCAB.国家自然科学基金(20973143, 91027009, 21021002);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973)(2009CB930703);厦门大学(2010121020

双蒲散对慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠胃黏膜细胞TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路的影响

目的 :观察双蒲散对慢性萎缩性胃炎的治疗作用以及胃黏膜细胞TGF/Smad信号通路的影响。方法 :40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、双蒲散组和维酶素组,每组10只。采用N-甲基-N`-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG)方法复制慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠模型,正常组不处理,模型组只造模不干预,其余两组造模16周后分别灌胃双蒲散和维酶素4周。光镜观察胃黏膜组织病理学,酶联免疫吸附法测定胃黏膜组织Bcl-2、P53、PCNA、Ag-NORs、EGF、TGF-β1与Smad3蛋白的表达。结果 :与正常组比较,模型组大鼠胃黏膜组织Bcl-2、P53、PCNA、Ag-NORs、EGF、TGF-β1的表达皆明显升高,Smad3皆显著下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,双蒲散组大鼠胃黏膜组织Bcl-2、P53、PCNA、Ag-NORs、EGF、TGF-β1的表达皆明显下降,Smad3皆显著升高(P<0.05),其效应显著高于维酶素组。结论 :双蒲散可通过调节TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路调节慢性萎缩性胃炎大鼠胃黏膜细胞的增殖和凋亡,抑制胃黏膜细胞的异型增生,阻断慢性萎缩性胃炎向胃癌前病变发展。国家自然科学基金项目(81260556);; 江西省自然科学基金项目(20131512040019

研究生对生成性课堂的参与(笔谈)——厦门大学教育研究院“高等教育研究方法”第十三次课反思

\"高等教育研究方法\"这门课具有研究型课堂的特征。其第十三次课的主题是对反思日志做一次元研究。反思日志是学习\"高等教育研究方法\"课的重要工具,它不仅是课堂教学的缩影,而且是课堂时效的呈现,更是学生自我成长的印证。反思日志勾勒着整个课堂进程的图景,反映着学生的收获、困惑、不足以及对自己未来改进方向的认识等。第十三次课以生成式教学引导学生主动参与课堂,通过对反思日志重新审视,让学生成为思考的主体、学习的主体、研究的主体,实现自我成长、自我发现、自我唤醒的课堂教学改革目标

中国海及邻近区域碳库与通量综合分析

中国海总面积约470万平方公里,纵跨热带、亚热带、温带、北温带等多个气候带.其中,南海北依\"世界第三极\"青藏高原、南邻\"全球气候引擎\"西太平洋暖池,东海拥有全球最宽的陆架之一,跨陆架物质运输显著,黄海是冷暖流交汇区域,渤海则是受人类活动高度影响的内湾浅海.中国海内有长江、黄河、珠江等大河输入,外邻全球两大西边界流之一的黑潮.这些鲜明的特色赋予了中国海碳储库和通量研究的典型代表意义.文章从不同海区（渤海、黄海、东海、南海）、不同界面（陆-海、海-气、水柱-沉积物、边缘海-大洋等）,以及不同生态系统（红树林、盐沼湿地、海草床、海藻养殖、珊瑚礁、水柱生态系统等）多层面对海洋碳库与通量进行了较系统地综合分析,初步估算了各个碳库的储量与不同碳库间的通量.就海气通量而言,渤海向大气中释放CO2约0.22Tg Ca-1,黄海吸收CO2约1.15Tg Ca-1,东海吸收CO2约6.92～23.30Tg Ca-1,南海释放CO2约13.86～33.60Tg Ca-1.如果仅考虑海-气界面的CO2交换,中国海总体上是大气CO2的\"源\",净释放量约6.01～9.33Tg Ca-1.这主要是由于河流输入以及邻近大洋输入所致.河流输入渤黄海、东海、南海的溶解无机碳（DIC）分别为5.04、14.60和40.14Tg Ca-1,而邻近大洋输入DIC更是高达144.81Tg Ca-1,远超中国海向大气释放的碳量.渤海、黄海、东海、南海的沉积有机碳通量分别为2.00、3.60、7.40、7.49Tg Ca-1.东海和南海向邻近大洋输送有机碳通量分别为15.25～36.70和43.39Tg Ca-1.就生态系统而言,中国沿海红树林、盐沼湿地、海草床有机碳埋藏通量为0.36Tg Ca-1,海草床溶解有机碳（DOC）输出通量为0.59Tg Ca-1;中国近海海藻养殖移出碳通量0.68Tg Ca-1,沉积和DOC释放通量分别为0.14和0.82Tg Ca-1.总计,中国海有机碳年输出通量为81.72～103.17Tg Ca-1.中国海的有机碳输出以DOC形式为主,东海向邻近大洋输出的DOC通量约15.00～35.00Tg Ca-1,南海输出约31.39Tg Ca-1.综上,尽管从海-气通量看中国海是大气CO2的\"源\",但考虑了河流、大洋输入、沉积输出以及微型生物碳泵（DOC转化输出）作用后,中国海是重要的储碳区.需要指出的是,文章数据是基于中国海各海区碳循环研究报道,鉴于不同研究方法上的差异,所得数据难免有一定的误差范围,亟待将来统一方法标准下的更多深入研究和分析.国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2016YFA0601400);;国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:91751207、91428308、41722603、41606153、41422603);;中央高校基础研究项目(编号:20720170107);;中海油项目(编号:CNOOC-KJ125FZDXM00TJ001-2014、CNOOCKJ125FZDXM00ZJ001-2014)资

貌合神离：中英文同款广告的符号和眼动分析

通过一系列中英文同款广告，该研究结合符号和眼动技术，指出相似的表象之下，微妙的细节调整如何折射出中西方读者对媒介内容叙述方式的不同偏好，以及处理群己关系的不同价值取向，从而呈现出“貌合神离”的警民、亲子、师生、夫妻、男女等社会关系。本文系国家自然科学基金项目“东西方不同文化思维方式对广告说服的影响：一个自下而上的脉络建构与验证”（项目编号：71372076）的阶段性研究成果