Effect of mistletoe extracts (viscum album l.) from different hosts on oxygen free radicals production and antioxidant enzymes activities

Predmet istraživanja u ovoj disertaciji je bilo ispitivanje in vitro i in vivo anti/prooksidantnih svojstava ekstrakta V. album sa sedam različitih domaćina, in vivo ispitivanje uticaja ovih ekstakata na parametre oksidativnog stresa kod malignih ćelija. Pokazano je da postoje značajne razlike u sadržaju antioksidantnih jedinjenja u listu imele sa sedam različitih domaćina. U daljim eksperimentima je potvrđeno da postoje značajne razlike u in vitro antioksidativnim svojstvima ispitivanih ekstrakata imele...The subject of this thesis was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti/prooxidant properties of V.album extracts from different host trees, as well as to investigate the in vivo oxidative stress of malignant cells and possible mechanism of cytotoxic activity of the mentioned extracts. It has been shown that there are significant differences in antioxidant compounds amount in mistletoe leaves grown on seven different host trees. Due to the mentioned fact, it was further confirmed that there are also significant differences in in vitro antioxidant properties of examined mistletoe extracts..

Antioksidantna i citotoksična aktivnost ekstrakta ploda štavelja (Rumex crispus L., Polygonaceae)

Uvod/Cilj: Rumex crispus (štavelj) je višegodišnja zeljasta biljka, koja se smatra bogatim izvorom biološki aktivnih molekula sa antioksidantnom i citotoksičnom aktivnošću. Cilj rada bio je procena antioksidantnog kapaciteta i ispitivanje antitumorske aktivnosti vodenog ekstrakta ploda štavelja. Metode. Antioksidantna aktivnost vodenog ekstrakta ploda štavelja procenjena je na osnovu in vitro testova: ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), sposobnosti ekstrakta da neutrališe slobodne radikale NO•, OH• i 2,2-difentil-1-pikril hidrazil (DPPH) i utiče na lipidnu peroksidaciju u lipozomima. Citotoksičnost ispitivanog ekstrakta je određena in vitro na tumorskim ćelijskim linijama: humani karcinom cerviksa (HeLa), adenokarcinom (HT-29) i adenokarcinom dojke (MCF7). Rezultati. Testirani ekstrakt pokazao je potencijalnu antioksidantnu aktivnost manifestovanu velikom moći u neutralizaciji slobodnih radikala, kao i sposobnost da smanji lipidnu peroksidaciju u lipozomima. Ustanovljena je tkivno-selektivnu citotoksičnost ekstrakta ploda štavelja in vitro. Najizraženija antitumorska aktivnost primećena je prema HeLa i MCF7 ćelijskim linijama. Zaključak. Vodeni ekstrakt ploda štavelja ima potencijalnu antioksidantnu i citotoksičnu aktivnost, sa nekrozom kao glavnim mehanizmom indukovane ćelijske smrti. Za dalja istraživanja, preporučuju se i druge metode ekstrakcije ploda štavelja.Background/Aim. Rumex crispus (curly dock) is a wild perennial herbaceous plant, which products are considered as a rich source of biologically active molecules with antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The aim of this study was to estimate of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of aqueous extract of curly dock fruits. Methods. The aqueous extract of curly dock fruits was evaluated for its antioxidant activity by in vitro assays for ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), NO•, OH• and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-free radical scavenging activities and the influence on lipid peroxidation in liposomes. The cytotoxicity of tested extract was examined in vitro in human cervix carcinoma (HeLa), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cells. Results. The tested extract showed a potential antioxidant activity manifested in scavenging of free radicals as well as an ability to decrease lipid peroxidation in liposomes. The results indicated tissue-selective cytotoxicity of R. crispus fruit extract in vitro. The most prominent antitumor activity was observed towards HeLa and MCF7 cell lines. Conclusion. The investigated aqueous fruit extract of R. crispus had potential antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, with necrosis as a main mechanism of induced cell-death. Different methods of extraction of R. crispus fruits, apart from aqueous, are recommended for further investigations

Hemijski sastav, antiinflamatorni efekat i antitumorska aktivnost ploda štavelja (Rumex crispus L., Polygonaceae)

Curly dock (Rumex crispus L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant that is traditionally used in the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments, infections and skin diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the chemical composition, ex vivo anti-inflammatory effect and in vivo antiproliferative activity of water extract of curly dock fruit. The polyphenolic profile was analyzed by LC-DAD-ESI-MS technique. The effect on the production of arachidonic acid metabolites was examined in human platelets. Antitumor activity of orally administered extract (concentration: 5% w/v; doses: 1, 2 and 5 mL/kg of body weight/day; treatment length: 7 days) to Ehrlich ascites tumor and hepatocellular carcinoma was assessed in an animal experiment. Ascites volume, viable cell percentage and antioxidant enzyme levels were determined. The presence of phenolic acids (gallic and protocatechuic acids), proanthocyanidins (monomers, dimers and trimers), flavonoid glycosides and anthraquinone emodin was revealed in the water extract of R. crispus fruit. The content of the quantitatively dominant compound miquelianin was 2.4%. The investigated preparation concentration-dependently inhibited the synthesis of 12(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8E,10E)- heptadecatrienoic acid (IC50 = 4.96 mg/mL) and 12(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)- eicosatetraenoic acid (IC 50 = 2.06 mg/mL). The antitumor effect in animals was dose- dependent and manifested as suppression of tumor growth and induction of cell death of malignantly transformed cells. Values of biochemical parameters suggested that oxidative stress was induced in cancer cells, and it can be assumed that this mechanism was at least partly responsible for the activity. Water extract of R. crispus fruit has significant pharmacological potential that justifies further research.Štavelj (Rumex crispus L.) je višegodišnja zeljasta biljka koja se tradicionalno koristi u tretmanu gastrointestinalnih tegoba, infekcija i kožnih oboljenja. Cilj ove studije je bio da se ispita hemijski sastav, ex vivo antiinflamatorni efekat i in vivo antiproliferativna aktivnost vodenog ekstrakta ploda štavelja. Polifenolni profil je analiziran LC‐DAD‐ESI‐MS tehnikom. Uticaj na produkciju metabolita arahidonske kiseline je ispitan u humanim trombocitima. Antitumorska aktivnost oralno primenjenog ekstrakta (koncentracija: 5% m/V; doze: 1, 2 i 5 mL/kg telesne težine/dan; dužina tretmana: 7 dana) prema Ehrlich-ovom ascitnom tumoru i hepatocelularnom karcinomu procenjena je u eksperimentu na životinjama. Određeni su zapremina ascitesa, procenat vijabilnih ćelija i nivoi antioksidantnih enzima. U vodenom ekstraktu ploda R. crispus je utvrđeno prisustvo fenolnih kiselina (galna i protokatehinska kiselina), proantocijanidina (monomeri, dimeri i trimeri), flavonoidnih heterozida i antrahinona emodina. Sadržaj kvantitativno dominantnog jedinjenja mikvelijanina je iznosio 2,4%. Ispitivani preparat je koncentraciono-zavisno inhibirao sintezu 12(S)-hidroksi- (5Z,8E,10E)-heptadekatrienske kiseline (IC 50 = 4,96 mg/mL) i 12(S)-hidroksi- (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eikozatetraenske kiseline (IC50 = 2,06 mg/mL). Antitumorski efekat u životinja je bio dozno-zavisan i ispoljio se kao suprimiranje rasta tumora i indukcija ćelijske smrti maligno transformisanih ćelija. Vrednosti biohemijskih parametara su sugerisale da je u ćelijama karcinoma došlo do indukovanja oksidativnog stresa, te se može pretpostaviti da je ovaj mehanizam bio barem delom zaslužan za aktivnost. Vodeni ekstrakt ploda R. crispus poseduje značajan farmakološki potencijal koji opravdava dalje istraživanje.VIII Kongres farmaceuta Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 12-15.10.2022. Beogra

Assessment of antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Satureja montana extracts against CCl4 induced liver damage

The influence of Satureja montana extracts on several liver biochemical parameters in mice administered with carbon tetrachloride was estimated. In vivo investigation of antioxidant properties of S. montana extracts encompassed monitoring of biochemical parameters (derived from liver homogenate and blood hydrolyzate) and examination of potential hepatoprotective effect after intoxication with carbon tetrachloride. Biochemical tests included determination of activity of several antioxidant enzymes: xanthine oxidase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, amount of reduced glutathione and intensity of lipid peroxidation. In order to obtain data about the potent hepatoprotective effect of examined extracts, the following parameters were determined: aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin, hepatic DNA and hydroxyprolin. Results of this study demonstrate that S. montana extracts inhibited the hepatotoxicity produced by carbon tetrachloride administration most probably through activation of physiological common defense mechanisms

Antioxidant Activity of Yellow Dock (Rumex crispus L., Polygonaceae) Fruit Extract

The methanol extract of ripe Rumex crispus L. fruits was evaluated for its antioxidant potential by assays for ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH-free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and the influence on lipid peroxidation in liposomes (LP). Considerable activity was observed in all test systems (FRAP: 9.9 mmol Fe2+/g; DPPH IC50: 3.7 mu g/mL; LP IC50: 4.9 mu g/mL), comparable to that of BHT (FRAP: 8.0 mu g/mL; DPPH IC50: 19.4 mu g/mL; LP IC50: 3.5 mu g/mL), but lower than the activity of ascorbic acid, rutin and quercetin, used as positive control substances. The in vivo effects were evaluated in several hepatic antioxidant systems (activities of LPx, GSH-Px, Px, CAT and XOD, as well as GSH content), after treatment with the studied yellow dock extract in different doses, or in combination with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Pretreatment with the R. crispus extract inhibited CCl4-induced oxidative stress by decreasing LPx and increasing GSH content in a dose dependent manner, bringing the levels of antioxidant enzymes to near control values. Copyrigh

Phenolic Profile, Antiradical and Antitumour Evaluation of Raspberries Pomace Extract from Serbia

Abstract Raspberry waste, obtained from two cultivars, Meeker (ERM) and Willamette (ERW) was subjected to evaluation antioxidants and antitumour activities as a potential source of phenolics. Some phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified and quantified by HPLC. Antioxidant activity was tested by measuring ability to scavenge DPPH • and • OH by ESR spectroscopy. IC 50 DPPH• varied from 0.67 for ERM to 0.54 mg/mL for ERW, while IC 50 •OH values varied from 3.73 for ERM to 1.23 mg/mL for ERW. Cytotoxic activity was investigated using in vivo model of Ehrlich Ascite carcinoma cells (EAC) in mice. Pretreatment with extracts exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against EAC cells (up to 60%) and both extracts inhibited the tumour growth. Activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) was extremely increased in pretreated animals, while the activity of enzyme complex glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) was significantly increased. This study suggests that raspberry pomace could be used as nutraceutic resource and functional food ingredient