Methods and Varieties of Guidance According to Imām Māturīdī

Māturīdī, one of the prominent Kalām scholar, is mostly considered to have played a significant role in the construction of a sustainable religious approach today. This recognition originates from his joint reference to intellect and divine inspiration with regard to issues in Kalām in addition to his contributions to the Sunni way of thinking. His balanced use of the intellect and divine inspiration in his solutions for issues of Hidāyat increased his popularity. In the Muslim world, just as in any other community, perception of reality or guidance not as a process but as outright values of their community causes such problems as religious fanaticism and advocacy for sole truth. To solve such problems, a sound understanding of guidance in Muslim communities should be constructed in the light of scientific and social realities. In this respect, determining unique and comprehensive interpretations of Māturīdī of the issue will be of great help for establishing a peaceful religious understanding for the common future of humanity. In the center of Māturīdī’s interpretations of guidance lies his approach to guidance with respect to its methods and varieties. Besides presenting the definitions of these methods and varieties, the current study analyzes Māturīdī’s interpretations of how these methods and varieties interact

The law of one price and the role of market structure

This paper examines the role of market structure on the persistence of price deviations from the LOP using monthly actual product prices of 47 items collected from three different types of markets in Istanbul over 1993:01-2008:12. After showing the importance of market structure on the distribution of relative prices, we implement threshold autoregressive models. We find significant differences in average threshold estimates across markets which we explain referring to differing menu costs in each market. Yet, we find no differences in average half-life estimates across markets. We argue that this is due to low search costs in Istanbul. Robustness checks verify our findings

Nonlinear impact of inflation on relative price variability

Using a half-a-century long disaggregated price data for 22 food products collected from 19 cities, we show that the association between inflation and price variability is nonlinear with respect to changes in inflation rate. We obtain similar results for expected and unexpected inflation

Thermal Analysis of a Solar Air Heater for Drying Purposes

In this study, energetic efficiency of a solar air heater with aluminum flat plate absorber was examined experimentally for airflow velocity of 2, 3 and 4 m/s. An experimental setup was built-up and experiments were compared with the results of the analysis performed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Results were also evaluated based on thermographic camera images

Evalution of stone weathering of Aigai Bouleuterion after its excavation

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Architectural Restoration, Izmir, 2009Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 134-138)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxiii, 138 leavesArchaeological sites have to be investigated and conserved as a whole to have a better knowledge of our past. In this study, Aigai Bouleuterion in Manisa was investigated to evaluate the stone weathering and conservation problems of an excavated archaeological monument. It is also aimed to analyze the weathering process of stone material while buried and the contribution of this process to the deterioration after the excavation. For this purpose, the building was documented by photographs and drawings and several laboratory studies were carried out on both the soil and stone samples collected from the excavated parts of the building. Samples were investigated with by using XRD, SEM-EDX, TGA and FT-IR and chemical analyses. Andesite, used as a building material of the bouleuterion and the soils are both composed of the minerals of microline, orthoclase, sanidine, albite, andesine, labradorite, anorthite, muscovite, cristoballite, tridymite, quartz, kyanite, mullite and orthoferrosilite. Less amounts of organic materials, carbonate and soluble salt contents were found in the samples. The clay minerals found in the samples are halloysite, illite, kaolinite, montmorrillonite and saponite.The penetration of clay minerals to the stone structure, forming a weathering zone with the presence of clay in the cracks was determined with SEM analysis. The weathering zones of the stones range between 1 cm and 2.4 cm from the exterior surface. When the average seasonal values for the environment are examined, the weathering effect of the clays after excavation of stones generally occurs in winter months due to low temperature and high humidity values

Aziz Nesin özel

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 56-Aziz Nesi

Effect of Hoof Trimming on Milk Yield in Dairy Cows with Foot Disease

Backround: Milk is produced at the cost of other metabolic processes in the body and high milk yield has been associated with lameness and claw lesions. Lameness has also been associated with a decrease in milk yield. In the past, claw disorders and lameness in dairy cattle have been an increasing problem of the modern dairy industry. Hoof trimming is performed to prevent hoof lesions and improve gait by correction and maintenance of the hoof symmetry and shape. Lameness caused by hoof disorders can be treated by correct hoof trimming. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that one-time claw trimming affect the milk production in dairy cattle with hoof disorders on commercial dairy farms.Materials, Methods & Results: Milk yield level was examined before and after claw trimming in dairy cattle. Eighteen Holstein dairy cows were examined on a commercial dairy farm. Calving number, calving time, lactation number, lactation stage, culling date and milk yield in liters were detected from farm recording system. All cows were visual signs of claw disorders or lameness. Their hooves had not been were trimmed for several years. Trimming technique included leveling the 2 claws, aiming for symmetric bulbs. The axial and abaxial walls were both intended to be parts of the bearing surface and the 2 claws were trimmed flat and balanced with each other. The caudal two-thirds of the axial sole of both claws were sloped toward the interdigital area. All of the cows checked for hoof diseases. The period of observation spanned 45 d, starting day of claw trimming. The observation period was the lactation when the claw trimming was performed. Milk yield was performed one day before and 10, 30, and 45 days after hoof trimming. Cows that were in the mid to late lactation period were selected for the study. The mean days in milk for the group was 221.8 (150-272 days) and the mean number of calvings was 2.8 times (range: 2-5 times) before trimming.Discussion: The shape of the lactation curve is influenced by herd factors such as management and nutrition and individual factors like genetics, parity, and disease. Discrepancies in the literature with regard to the effect of lameness and claw lesions on milk yield are partly the result of these complex influences. Daily milk production of cows in the current study averaged 21 L/d, so milk weight represented approximately 3% of a cow’s body weight per milking. In this study cows were 2 to 5th lactation. Most hoof diseases are accrued around the time of calving. Hoof diseases is becomed visible on the bearing surface of the sole after 2 to 3 months such as white-line disease, sole ulcer, and hemorrhages. We assessed milk yield as the one time claw trimming performed, so any possible healing effect of claw trimming could have led to an underestimation of any negative effects of bad claw health on milk production. Cows with painful claw lesions eat less, are more reluctant to move, and might consequently produce less milk than cows without claw lesions. The significant associations between most claw disorders and increased yield in this study do not prove direct relationships. At claw trimming, the average lactation stage in first parity was 148 DIM; 25% of the cows were before 74 DIM and 25% were later than 226 DIM. After the claw trimming between days 10-30 and 10-45 were determined differences in milk yield (P < 0.05;  P < 0.01). In conclusion, this study showed that one time hoof trimming during the lactation period changed the milk yield of the dairy cows with hoof diseases

“I did it wrong, but i know it”: Young children's metacognitive knowledge expressions during peer interactions in math activities

Previous studies reveal that children's metacognitive skills make massive progress during the early childhood period. We believe that examining how children use metacognitive skills in the learning process is crucial for shaping future learning experiences. This case study explores how children's metacognitive knowledge emerges through peer interactions in mathematical measurement activities. Sixteen activities based on the dimensions of mathematical measurement skills of length, area, weight, and volume were applied and video recorded. We systematically observed two 5-year-old children in these activities for 10 weeks. A framework of analysis was developed from the results of previous research on children's metacognition. Children's metacognitive knowledge was analyzed in mathematical statements and other variables were also extracted. Using qualitative analysis, this study indicates how children's mathematical thinking skills are reflected in their expressions of metacognitive knowledge during peer interactions. Difficulties in assessing and measuring children's metacognition are also discussed. © 202

Effect of different zinc doses on yield and grain quality of corn (Zea mays L.) varieties

Bu çalışma, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliğinde 2014 yılı mısır üretim sezonunda, tesadüf blokları bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre yapılmıştır. Deneme materyali olarak Competo, 31D24, 3167, DKC 6876 hibrit mısır çeşitleri kullanılmıştır.Kullanılan mısır çeşitlerine 3-4 yapraklı dönemde farklı dozlarda (kontrol (0 ppm), 1000ppm, 2000ppm, 4000ppm) yapraktan çinko sülfat (ZnSO4) gübresi uygulanmıştır.Farklı dozlarda yapraktan uygulanan çinko dozlarının çeşitlere ait etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla verim parametrelerinden koçan boyu, tane verimi, bin tane ağırlığı, koçanda tane sayısı tespit edilerek, kalite hakkında önemli bilgiler veren protein, nişasta, ham yağ, ham lif ve ham kül oranı miktarları saptanmıştır. Tarla koşullarında yürütülen deneme sonucunda; çeşitlere ait tane verimi 783.2-1500.3 kg/da, koçan boyu 16.4-20.9 cm, koçanda tane sayısı 441.9-677.5 adet, bin tane ağırlığı 311.6-410.7 gr değerleri arasında değişmiştir. Kalite parametrelerinde ise tanede protein oranı %6.1-7.9, nişasta oranı %60.8-64.2, ham yağ oranı %2.7-3.3, lif oranı %1.3-2.1 ve kül oranı %1.07-1.16 arasında değerler elde edilmiştir. Çeşitler kendi aralarında incelendiğinde tüm parametreler arasında 31D24 çeşidi ön plana çıkmıştır. Çinkolu yaprak gübresi uygulamaları verim parametreleri üzerinde etki yaratmazken, kalite parametrelerinde ise uygulanan çinko dozları olumlu etki yaratmıştır ve özellikle 1000 ppm dozu ham protein ve ham yağ oranlarında en yüksek değeri alarak olumlu etki yaratmıştır.This study was conducted onresearch and experimental fields at Adnan Menderes University Agriculture Faculty Research Farm, during corn production period in 2014. The research is based on completely randomized split block design. Competo, P31D24, 3167, DKC 6876 hybrid corn varieties used as research material. Besides, on 3-4 leaves period of corn varieties, different zinc (ZnSO4) doses (control (0 ppm), 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm) applied by spraying on the leaves. To determine effects of different zinc doses on the varieties cob length, grain yield, thousand grain weight, number of grains per cob, crude protein, starch, fat, fiber and ash contents were analyzed as yield and quality components. As a consequence of trials carried out in field conditions, grain yields varried between 0.783-1.500 t/ha, cob length varried between 16.4-20.9 cm, number of grains per cob varried between 441.9-677.5 and thousand grain weight varried between 311.6-410.7 g. In addition to yield components, quality parameters grain protein content ranged between 6.1-7.9 %, starch content ranged between 60.8-64.2%, fat content ranged between 2.7-3.3%, fibre content ranged between 1.3-2.1% and ash content ranged between 1.07-1.16%. When corn varieties were analyzed, the variety of P31D24 gave the best results in all parameters. Zinc foliar applications have no effect to yield parameters while create possitive impact on the quality parameters. Especially, 1000 ppm zinc dose take the highest value and has possitive effect on crude protein and fat conten

Visitors’ Experience at Historical Sites in the City of Amman: A Case Study

Historical sites are a deep cultural heritage element that expresses the city's identity and its ancient life. Most cities have a long-civilized history, and the aspects of modern cities rely on it. However, some historical sites remained clear within the components of modern cities, so they became distinctive landmarks and points of attraction for local visitors and tourists, even becoming essential places for recreation and changing the routine of contemporary life. The moving from a historical site to the elements of a modern city needs a deliberate natural planning gradation. The landscape and gardens were the most appropriate for this transition in some places, acting as a natural separator between these two time periods and attractive places for visitors. This research presents the importance and impact of historical and archaeological sites on the inhabitants of the modern city, the behaviors and experiences of visitors as they move from busy city life and modern-day technology to ancient, nostalgic places. And how the parks and surrounding areas of the archaeological site helped integrate modern civil society with the image of the old city. Through a case study in Amman / Jordan, "The Roman Amphitheater and Amman citadel, a special questionnaire was conducted to find out the visitors' opinions, feelings, and behaviors of infamous sites in Amman. As a result of the study and questionnaire and specific questions, the historical sites have a significant emotional, psychological, and even spatial position for visitors to cities. They prefer them to the rest of the town