Empty space as a structuring element of the built spaces in Labour Universities: the main square or courtyard and other courtyards

[Resumen] Las Universidades Laborales nacen con el objetivo de formar a las nuevas generaciones de trabajadores para el desarrollo industrial que se iniciaba en España en los años cincuenta. Llegarían a ser veintiún centros repartidos por todo el país, promovidos por el Estado y diseñados por arquitectos elegidos entre las fi guras de máximo prestigio nacional del momento, abarcando su construcción desde 1945 hasta 1976. En el conjunto de proyectos, el vacío destaca por su valor estructurante, bien a modo de plaza o patio de bordes defi nidos, de explanada o patio abierto o semiabierto, o de intersticios que relacionan unos edifi cios con otros.[Abstract] Labour Universities were born with the aim of educating and preparing new generations of workers for the industrial development that began in Spain in the fi fties. Th ey would become a group of twenty-one Centers located all over the country, promoted by the Government and designed by architects chosen among the most prestigious national fi gures of the time, spreading their construction from 1945 through 1976. In all the projects, the empty space stands out for its structuring value either as a square or courtyard of defi ned edges, or as an esplanade or as an open or half-open courtyard, or as interstices that relate some buildings to each other

The TRIZ-CBR synergy: A knowledge based innovation process

Today innovation is recognised as the main driving force in the market. This complex process involves several intangible dimensions, such as creativity, knowledge and social interactions among others. Creativity is the starting point of the process, and knowledge is the force that transforms and materialises creativity in new products, services and processes. In this paper a synergy that aims to assists the innovation process is presented. The synergy combines several concepts and tools of the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) and the case-based reasoning (CBR) process. The main objective of this synergy is to support creative engineering design and problem solving. This synergy is based on the strong link between knowledge and action. In this link, TRIZ offers several concepts and tools to facilitate concept creation and to solve problems, and the CBR process offers a framework capable of storing and reusing knowledge with the aim of accelerating the innovation process

A 76nW, 4kS/s 10-bit SAR ADC with offset cancellation for biomedical applications

This paper presents a 10-bit fully-differential rail-to-rail successive approximation (SAR) ADC designed for biomedical applications. The ADC, fabricated in a 180nm HV CMOS technology, features low switching energy consumption and employs a time-domain comparator which includes an offset cancellation mechanism. The power dissipated by the ADC is 76.2nW at 4kS/s and achieves 9.5 ENOB.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TEC2012-33634Office of Naval Research (USA) N0001414135

Análisis de las Expectativas Profesionales de los Actuales Alumnos de Ciencias Empresariales, como Egresados en el Inicio del Siglo XXI

El presente trabajo supone una aproximación empírica que pretende acercarnos al conocimiento de las expectativas profesionales de los alumnos en Ciencias Empresariales, una vez hayan finalizado sus estudios. Partiendo de un estudio anterior, realizado por profesores de la Universidad de Sevilla, durante el curso 94/95, nos planteamos la posible revisión de los resultados y conclusiones obtenidas, si realizásemos la investigación entre los alumnos matriculados en el curso 97/98, y de esta forma ver las posibles coincidencias entre los resultados o las desviaciones que se presenten entre uno y otro colectivo.This work is intended to be an empirical approach to know the of the newly graduated students of Business Administration of the Universidad de Sevilla. Starting from a previous study carried out at this university during the course 94/95, we consider a possible review of those results in the light of an eventual survey on the students enrolled for the course 97/98. Possible coincidences of the results and deviations observed between both groups would be examined and analysed

Homeobox NKX2-3 promotes marginal-zone lymphomagenesis by activating B-cell receptor signalling and shaping lymphocyte dynamics

NKX2 homeobox family proteins have a role in cancer development. Here we show that NKX2-3 is overexpressed in tumour cells from a subset of patients with marginal-zone lymphomas, but not with other B-cell malignancies. While Nkx2-3-deficient mice exhibit the absence of marginal-zone B cells, transgenic mice with expression of NKX2-3 in B cells show marginal-zone expansion that leads to the development of tumours, faithfully recapitulating the principal clinical and biological features of human marginal-zone lymphomas. NKX2-3 induces B-cell receptor signalling by phosphorylating Lyn/Syk kinases, which in turn activate multiple integrins (LFA-1, VLA-4), adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, MadCAM-1) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. These molecules enhance migration, polarization and homing of B cells to splenic and extranodal tissues, eventually driving malignant transformation through triggering NF-κB and PI3K-AKT pathways. This study implicates oncogenic NKX2-3 in lymphomagenesis, and provides a valid experimental mouse model for studying the biology and therapy of human marginal-zone B-cell lymphomas.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, FIS-PI12/00202 (to J.A.M.-C.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0063 (to J.A.M-C.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0068 (to M.J.C and F.P.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0022 (to J.L.F-L.), RTICC-RD12/ 0036/0070 (to J.C.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0010 (to B.B.), RTICC- RD12/0036/0044 (to M.J.B.) and RTICC-RD12/0036/0069 (to J.M.H.R. and M.G.); by Worldwide Cancer Research project grant 15-1322 (to J.A.M.-C., Y.R.C. and M.-Q.D.); by BFU2011-30097 (to Y.R.C); by MINECO SAF2013-45787-R and Marie Curie Programme FP7-PIIF-2012-328177 (to S.R.); by the French-Spanish CITTIL project (to F.P., X.A., J.A.M.-C., C.B. and P. Brousset); by SAF2012-32810, SAF2014-57791-REDC; PIE14/00066, BIO/SA32/ 14 and CSI001U14 (to I.S.G); by FIS-ISCIII projects PI13/00160 and PI14/00025, and Fundación Inocente Inocente (to C.C.); by Deutsche Krebshilfe, Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphomas Network Project (to R.S.); by the Institut Universitaire de France (to P. Brousset); by the Broad Medical Research Program of The Eli and Edythe Broad Foundation and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K108429) (to P. Balogh);Peer Reviewe

Necesidades académicas, personales, sociales y vocacionales de estudiantes internacionales e intercambio en la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras / Academic, Personal, Social and Vocational Needs of International and Exchange Students at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus

Recibido 20 de setiembre de 2011 • Aceptado 24 de octubre de 2011 • Corregido 14 de noviembre de 2011 Resumen. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar las necesidades de una muestra de estudiantes internacionales y de intercambio que cursan estudios en la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras. Se exploraron datos socio-demográficos así como las necesidades académicas, vocacionales, y personales/sociales, con los fines de recopilar información de relevancia para universidades que sirven esta población y someter recomendaciones que atiendan las necesidades. Los hallazgos revelaron necesidades mayormente en las áreas académicas y vocacionales. Entre estas, se destacan la necesidad de aprender inglés o español, y el conocer sobre internados y ofrecimientos académicos en Puerto Rico y fuera del país, sueldo y oportunidades de empleo, ayudas económicas y servicios estudiantiles en la Universidad de Puerto Rico. Se proveen recomendaciones para trabajar con las necesidades identificadas ya que, según establece la bibliografía, las dificultades que confrontan estos/as estudiantes pueden afectar su desempeño académico e incluso su salud emocional. Abstract. The purpose of this study was to identify the needs of a sample of the international and exchange students staying at the North Tower Residence of the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus. Social and demographic data, as well as the academic, vocational, and social/personal needs were explored with the purpose of gathering relevant information and submitting recommendations to universities serving this student population. Findings revealed particular needs in the academic, vocational areas, including English or Spanish learning, information on internships and study programs in Puerto Rico or abroad, salary and employment opportunities, financial aid and services available to the students of this University. Recommendations are provided to work with the identified needs. According to the literature, difficulties faced by these students may affect their academic performance and emotional health

Redescubriendo el entorno con ojos matemáticos: Aprendizaje realista de la geometría en Educación Infantil

Se exponen las principales ideas que sustentan la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las matemáticas en las primeras edades desde el enfoque de la Educación Matemática Realista, y se realiza una revisión de las principales orientaciones curriculares contemporáneas en relación a la enseñanza de la geometría en Educación Infantil. El trabajo concluye con la presentación de una práctica docente de aprendizaje realista de la geometría en Educación Infantil. La experiencia, denominada “Redescubriendo la calle Mayor de Palencia con ojos matemáticos”, se ha llevado a cabo con 25 niños y niñas de 3º de Educación Infantil (5-6 años) del colegio público "Sofía Tartilán", de Palencia (España). La documentación recopilada muestra cómo los alumnos descubren en su entorno inmediato diversos aspectos vinculados a los conocimientos geométricos: reconocen elementos con determinadas formas geométricas; analizan y comparan las propiedades geométricas de las formas; observan patrones y transformaciones geométricas; y perciben el valor estético de las formas geométricas

El mestizaje del relato: narrativa y personajes en la serie Lost

La migración cultural se ha convertido en un fenómeno incipiente que encuentra un reflejo directo en la ficción audiovisual. En estos últimos años se han visto incrementados los discursos narrativos que constituyen una muestra significativa de la migración y la mezcolanza entre mundos distantes entre sí, pero que encuentran en el terreno de la representación ficcional un universo que converge a través de la mezcla permanente de estilos, la imbricación de culturas y los conocimientos diferentes. Este universo representado halla en el personaje un modo de vehicular estilos que se unen, mestizajes de conocimientos superpuestos, que conforman una realidad diegética paralela a la fisonomía de las grandes urbes contemporáneas. Esta investigación analiza, a través de los elementos que conforman la narración audiovisual, los modos de construcción de identidades y los modelos de representación en la serie de ficción Perdidos (Lost).The cultural migration has turned into an incipient phenomenon. He finds his reflection in the audio-visual fiction. In the latter years, the narrative speeches have increased the reflection of the migration and the mixture between distant worlds between them. The permanent mixture of styles, the overlap of cultures and the different knowledge converge on the representation ficcional. The personage is a way of joining styles, superposed knowledge. The personage shapes a diegetics reality and parallel to the physiognomy of the big contemporary cities. This investigation analyzes, across the narrative elements, the manners of construction of identities and the models of representation in Lost

Integrative Oncogenomic Analysis of Microarray Data in Hematologic Malignancies

During the last decade, gene expression microarrays and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) have unraveled the complexity of human tumor genomes more precisely and comprehensively than ever before. More recently, the simultaneous assessment of global changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and in DNA copy number through "integrative oncogenomic" analyses has allowed researchers the access to results uncovered through the analysis of one-dimensional data sets, thus accelerating cancer gene discovery. In this chapter, we discuss the major contributions of DNA microarrays to the study of hematological malignancies, focusing on the integrative oncogenomic approaches that correlate genomic and transcriptomic data. We also present the basic aspects of these methodologies and their present and future application in clinical oncology

Colorectal cancer: from the genetic model to posttranscriptional regulation by noncoding RNAs

Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer in developed countries and, despite the improvements achieved in its treatment options, remains as one of the main causes of cancer-related death. In this review, we first focus on colorectal carcinogenesis and on the genetic and epigenetic alterations involved. In addition, noncoding RNAs have been shown to be important regulators of gene expression. We present a general overview of what is known about these molecules and their role and dysregulation in cancer, with a special focus on the biogenesis, characteristics, and function of microRNAs. These molecules are important regulators of carcinogenesis, progression, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastases in cancer, including colorectal cancer. For this reason, miRNAs can be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments, or even as therapeutic agents, or as targets by themselves. Thus, this review highlights the importance of miRNAs in the development, progression, diagnosis, and therapy of colorectal cancer and summarizes current therapeutic approaches for the treatment of colorectal cancer