Crisis del sector hotelero colombiano en tiempos de covid-19

El sector hotelero colombiano constituye un importante conexo a la economía, debido a los ajustes de incremento que ha presentado en los últimos años. Así, en este artículo se esbozan elementos relacionados con los efectos de la crisis sanitaria que se desató como consecuencia la pandemia COVID-19 en el sector hotelero. Se procura ubicar el impacto de las medidas acatadas en este sector durante la emergencia sanitaria, para contener o evitar la propagación del coronavirus. Se aborda una metodología con enfoque cuantitativo mediante el uso de factores obtenidos de la matriz PESTEL y la matriz de las cinco fuerzas de Porter. Desde la primera se encuentra que el factor económico es el que más impacta negativamente, en contraste del factor de mayor impacto positivo corresponde al factor tecnológico. En segundo lugar, la matriz de las cinco fuerzas de Porter evidencia que el componente de mayor impacto positivo refiere al poder de negociación con proveedores y el componente negativo se relaciona con la rivalidad entre competidores. Luego de la implementación de las herramientas se tiene como resultado de que los impactos negativos tienen mayor relevancia, en comparación con los aspectos positivos a raíz de la COVID-19. En consecuencia, las estrategias de reactivación por parte de los diferentes grupos de interés serán claves en los resultados a futuro de la influencia económica de este sector dentro del PIB nacional. Como conclusión se observa que la pandemia generó un enorme déficit al sector hotelero y los involucrados; también se evidencian estrategias de reactivación y fortalecimiento, las cuales tienen lugar en el artículo

Memoria cultural del nordeste antioqueño

Presentación, 1. La identidad antioqueña y su tratamiento literario, 2. Modernización de la provincia de Antioquia e inmigración. Carlos Segismundo De Greiff, 3. El poema “Bárbara Jaramillo” del humorista liberal Manuel Uribe Velásquez, 4. Federico Velásquez Caballero: Exploración literaria del Nordeste (1860 - 1870), 5. “El machete” de Julio Posada Rodríguez: un cuento ilustrado y heterogéneo, 6. León Zafir: el rosal salvaje y el parterre citadino, 7. La herencia literaria hispánica en la obra de Tomás Carrasquilla: presencia de “La cueva de Montesinos” de Cervantes en Frutos de mi tierra, 8. Trayectoria de Tomás Carrasquilla en El Espectador (Medellín 1913-1915), 9. Francisco de Paula Rendón editado por Alpha, 10. Isabel Carrasquilla: ‘el estigma de la mancha de tinta’ en la literatura antioqueña de los siglos XIX y XX, 11. Aproximación a las músicas y los compositores del nordeste antioqueñ

Reseñas iberoamericanas

Reseñas iberoamericana

Reseñas iberoamericanas

Iberoamerican reviewsReseñas iberoamericana

The Latin American experience of allografting patients with severe aplastic anaemia: real-world data on the impact of stem cell source and ATG administration in HLA-identical sibling transplants

We studied 298 patients with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) allografted in four Latin American countries. The source of cells was bone marrow (BM) in 94 patients and PBSCs in 204 patients. Engraftment failed in 8.1% of recipients with no difference between BM and PBSCs (P = 0.08). Incidence of acute GvHD (aGvHD) for BM and PBSCs was 30% vs 32% (P = 0.18), and for grades III–IV was 2.6% vs 11.6% (P = 0.01). Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) between BM and PBSCs was 37% vs 59% (P = 0.002) and extensive 5% vs 23.6% (P = 0.01). OS was 74% vs 76% for BM vs PBSCs (P = 0.95). Event-free survival was superior in patients conditioned with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)-based regimens compared with other regimens (79% vs 61%, P = 0.001) as excessive secondary graft failure was seen with other regimens (10% vs 26%, P = 0.005) respectively. In multivariate analysis, aGvHD II–IV (hazard ratio (HR) 2.50, confidence interval (CI) 1.1–5.6, P = 0.02) and aGvHD III–IV (HR 8.3 CI 3.4–20.2, Po0.001) proved to be independent negative predictors of survival. In conclusion, BM as a source of cells and ATG-based regimens should be standard because of higher GvHD incidence with PBSCs, although the latter combining with ATG in the conditioning regimen could be an option in selected high-risk patient

Associated factors for mortality in a COVID-19 colombian cohort : is the third wave relevant when Mu variant was predominant epidemiologically?

Q1Q1Pacientes con COVID-19Objectives: To evaluate the association between Colombia's third wave when the Mu variant was predominant epidemiologically (until 75%) in Colombia and COVID-19 all-cause in-hospital mortality. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, we included hospitalized patients ≥18 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 to September 2021 in ten hospitals from three cities in Colombia. Description analysis, survival, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the third epidemic wave and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 25,371 patients were included. The age-stratified time-to-mortality curves showed differences according to epidemic waves in patients ≥75 years (log-rank test p = 0.012). In the multivariate Cox analysis, the third wave was not associated with increased mortality relative to the first wave (aHR 0.95; 95%CI 0.84–1.08), but there was an interaction between age ≥75 years and the third wave finding a lower HR for mortality (aHR 0.56, 95%CI 0.36–0.86). Conclusions: We did not find an increase in in-hospital mortality during the third epidemic wave in which the Mu variant was predominant in Colombia. The reduced hazard in mortality in patients ≥75 years hospitalized in the third wave could be explained by the high coverage of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in this population and patients with underlying conditions.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1833-1599https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-5729https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6964-2229https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-2835https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9441-4375Revista Internacional - IndexadaA1N

Genomic Characterization of Host Factors Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in People with Dementia and Control Populations: The GR@ACE/DEGESCO Study

Emerging studies have suggested several chromosomal regions as potential host genetic factors involved in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease outcome. We nested a COVID-19 genome-wide association study using the GR@ACE/DEGESCO study, searching for susceptibility factors associated with COVID-19 disease. To this end, we compared 221 COVID-19 confirmed cases with 17,035 individuals in whom the COVID-19 disease status was unknown. Then, we performed a meta-analysis with the publicly available data from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. Because the APOE locus has been suggested as a potential modifier of COVID-19 disease, we added sensitivity analyses stratifying by dementia status or by disease severity. We confirmed the existence of the 3p21.31 region (LZTFL1, SLC6A20) implicated in the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and TYK2 gene might be involved in COVID-19 severity. Nevertheless, no statistically significant association was observed in the COVID-19 fatal outcome or in the stratified analyses (dementia-only and non-dementia strata) for the APOE locus not supporting its involvement in SARS-CoV-2 pathobiology or COVID-19 prognosis

Proyecto Ensamblando en Colombia

Los dos volúmenes de esta obra reúnen los resultados del proyecto ganador de la «Convocatoria nacional de proyectos bicentenario 1810-2010 “Historia social de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación en Colombia: ciudadanía, saberes y nación”», lanzada por Colciencias en el 2009. El proyecto, titulado «Ensamblado en Colombia: producción de saberes y construcción de ciudadanías» se propuso estudiar la manera como se constituyen en el presente y se han constituido en el pasado «asuntos de interés público» que tienen una clara dimensión epistémica y ontológica, pues la producción de saberes nos interpela y convoca como académicos y como ciudadanos, como académicas y como ciudadanas. Se trata de comprender cómo se ensamblan saberes, naturalezas, tecnologías y ciudadanías y de ensayar diálogos de estilos, enfoques y miradas que reconozcan la alteridad, la multiplicidad y la heteroglosia como partes esenciales en y para la producción simultánea de conocimiento y formas de sociedad

Las tramas del conflicto prolongado en la frontera colombo-venezolana: un análisis de las violencias y actores armados en el contexto del posacuerdo de paz

Objetivo/contexto: con base en el estudio de caso del departamento de Norte de Santander, el artículo presenta un análisis de las transformaciones en las dinámicas de violencia y conflicto y en la constelación de actores armados no estatales en la frontera colombo-venezolana luego de la firma del acuerdo de paz con las FARC. El estudio se basa en una perspectiva que considera las dinámicas del conflicto prolongado en Colombia y sus legados en los órdenes sociales, así como las particularidades que la condición de frontera trae consigo en términos de seguridad. Metodología: estudio de caso empírico basado en información recogida mediante entrevistas y observación no participante, así como en revisión de informes, prensa y bibliografía secundaria. Conclusión: la situación de violencia e inseguridad actual es el resultado de las dinámicas de un conflicto prolongado donde tres tipos de conflicto confluyen, interactúan y se retroalimentan: la guerra civil en Colombia, la violencia criminal, y la crisis migratoria y humanitaria producto de la crisis venezolana. En este marco se ha dado un fortalecimiento de un orden no estatal, mayor fragmentación de actores armados no estatales y competencia criminal. Originalidad: la existencia de abundante información sobre la situación de seguridad y violencia en la frontera colombo-venezolana en el periodo reciente contrasta con los pocos análisis académicos y desarrollos conceptuales al respecto. Este artículo intenta hacer una contribución mediante: a) un marco conceptual que conecta las literaturas sobre conflicto armado, órdenes sociales y seguridad en territorios fronterizos; b) análisis con base en información primaria que da cuenta tanto del fenómeno como del contexto.Objective/Context: Based on a case study of the Department of Norte de Santander, Colombia, this article analyzes the changes in the dynamics of violence and the composition of the armed non-State actors on the Colombian-Venezuelan borders after the signing of the peace agreement between the Colombian State and the FARC guerrilla. It focuses on the dynamics of the protracted conflict in Colombia, its impact on the social orders of this territory and the particular implications of the 'border effect' in terms of security. Methodology: This empirical study is based on information gathered from interviews and non-participatory observations, complemented by a review of official reports, newspaper articles and the secondary literature. Conclusion: The current situation of violence and insecurity is the result of the overlapping of three types of conflict which interact and mutually influence each other and have been caused by the civil war in Colombia, the activities of criminal gangs and the humanitarian crisis arising from the mass migration of Venezuelans to Colombia. Against this backdrop, there has been a strengthening of a non-State order, an increasing fragmentation of the armed non-state actors and an internecine warfare between criminal gangs. Originality: While a large body of information about the violent situation on the Colombian-Venezuelan border has emerged in recent years, there have been few academic studies of the subject so far. This article aims to make a contribution to this field of study, by presenting: a) a conceptual framework that draws on studies of the armed conflicts, social orders and security of borderlands in other regions, and b) an analysis, based on primary sources, of the phenomenon and the context

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges