Resistência à fratura de fragmentos dentários colados com diferentes materiais e técnicas

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated in vitro the shear bond strength of experimentally fractured human tooth fragments reattached with different adhesive materials and retentive techniques. METHODS: Forty-eight sound mandibular incisors were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=8). Their incisal edges were cut off in 5 groups, representing an enamel-dentin fracture. Intact teeth were used as control (Group 1). The fragment edges were reattached with adhesive system (Scotch Bond Multipurpose – 3M ESPE) (Group 2), adhesive system and composite resin (ICE – SDI) (Group 3), adhesive system and composite resin with circumferential bevel (Group 4), adhesive system and composite resin with internal dentin groove (Group 5), and adhesive system and composite resin with the circumferential bevel and internal dentin groove (Group 6). Shear bond strength was determined in a universal testing machine. Fracture modes were identified by light microscope. Kruskal-Wallis was used to analysis resistance to fracture and fracture patterns. RESULTS: The results showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) among groups. The intact teeth (Group 1) showed higher fracture resistance than the other groups. Groups 2 and 6 did not differ and were statistically superior to other techniques. Group 4 presented statistically higher than in Group 5, which in turn was more resistant than Group 3. CONCLUSIONS: None of the fragment reattachment techniques was able to achieve the strength of sound teeth. Fragments reattached only with adhesive system or with adhesive system and composite resin with the circumferential bevel and internal dentin groove showed the best performance for resistance to fracture.INTRODUÇÃO: Este estudo analisou in vitro a resistência à fratura por cisalhamento de fragmentos dentários de incisivos inferiores humanos colados por diferentes técnicas. MÉTODOS: 48 incisivos inferiores hígidos foram divididos aleatoriamente em 6 grupos n=8). Cinco grupos tiveram os seus bordos incisais seccionados. Dentes hígidos foram usados como controle (Grupo 1). Os fragmentos dentários foram colados com sistema adesivo (Scotch Bond Multipurpose – 3M ESPE) (Grupo 2), sistema adesivo e resina composta (ICE – SDI) (Grupo 3), sistema adesivo e resina composta com técnica de bisel (Grupo 4), sistema adesivo e resina composta com técnica de canaleta (Grupo 5), sistema adesivo e resina composta com bisel e canaleta (Grupo 6). Todos os grupos foram submetidos ao ensaio de cisalhamento para avaliação da resistência à fratura dos fragmentos e os padrões de fratura foram identificadas em microscópio. A análise dos dados de resistência à fratura e dos padrões de fratura foi feita através de teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: Os resultados encontrados demonstraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p<0,05) entre os grupos. Dentes hígidos (Grupo 1) apresentaram maior resistência à fratura do que os demais grupos. Os Grupos 2 e 6 não diferiram entre si, e foram estatisticamente superiores às demais técnicas. O Grupo 4 apresentou resultados estatisticamente superiores ao Grupo 5, que por sua vez foi mais resistente do que o Grupo 3. CONCLUSÃO: Nenhuma das técnicas de colagem de fragmento foi capaz de atingir a resistência dos dentes hígidos. As técnicas de colagem de fragmento realizadas apenas com sistema adesivo ou com resina composta com a técnica de canaleta no fragmento associada ao bisel foram aqueles que apresentaram melhores desempenhos em relação à resistência a fratura

Evaluación del ruido en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal

Introducción: Con los avances en la tecnología y la investigación llevada a cabo en neonatología, ya es posible ver más allá de lo que podamos para salvaguardar las vidas de recién nacidos (RN), proporcionando una calidad de vida. Para esto necesitamos tener una visión amplia que se ve más allá del individuo, el medio ambiente y el equipo que le rodea. Humanización debe impregnar todas las acciones tomadas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN). Objetivo: En este contexto, el ruido ambiental emerge como un objeto de estudio de esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los niveles de ruido a que están expuestos los recién nacidos ingresados en una unidad específica de cuidados intensivos neonatales y discutirlos a la luz de las normas vigentes país. Materiales y Métodos: Teniendo en cuenta el tema de la parte delantera de esta investigación considera que es importante conocer la legislación que aborda este tema, específicamente el procedimiento estándar de Higiene Profesional Técnica (NHO 01) y la norma 15 (NR15). De acuerdo con la Norma 15 (NR 15) promulgado por el Ministerio de la Ordenanza N º 3214/1978 del Trabajo, actualizado por el Decreto 203/2011, el ruido que se clasifica como el impacto del ruido o el ruido continuo también llamado intermitente, que se caracteriza los picos de energía acústica de menos de 1 (un) segundo a intervalos superiores a 1 (un) segundo. Resultados: Comenzamos la presentación de los resultados que describen el campo de estudio, los resultados de la investigación discutidos a la luz de las normas vigentes en el país. Discusión y Conclusiones: La institución por área de estudio es un centro de referencia para cuidados intensivos neonatales de la micro-región de Barbacena recibe pacientes de varios lugares. De acuerdo con la Resolución del Directorio N º 7 (RDC 07) se clasifica como un nivel de unidad de cuidadosintensivos II(10). (Rev Cuid 2011; 2(2): 114-18).Palabras clave: Enfermería, Ruído, Neonatología. (Fuente: DeCs BIREME)

O MÚLTIPLO E O DIVERSO EM "VÍCIOS E VIRTUDES"

The Helder Macedo's narrative presents us the writer who meets a friend, also writer, and listens from him the story of his loves. The text inside the text leads us, in a spiral movement, from the author to the character, from the present to the past, from the contingent to the history. The present work aims to reflect on the games of masks formulated by Macedo from the overlapping of registers and narrative plans that is presented in his novel.A narrativa de Helder Macedo conta-nos do escritor que encontra o amigo, também escritor, e ouve desse a história de seus amores. O texto dentro do texto vai nos levando, em espiral, do autor à personagem, do presente ao passado, do contingente ao  histórico.  Este  trabalho  pretende  refletir  sobre  os  jogos  de  máscaras  e  fingimentos formulados por Macedo a partir da sobreposição de registros e de planos narrativos que este seu livro apresenta

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.

BACKGROUND: A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. METHODS: This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. FINDINGS: Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0-75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4-97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8-80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3-4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. INTERPRETATION: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials. FUNDING: UK Research and Innovation, National Institutes for Health Research (NIHR), Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Lemann Foundation, Rede D'Or, Brava and Telles Foundation, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Thames Valley and South Midland's NIHR Clinical Research Network, and AstraZeneca

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

Background A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. Methods This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. Findings Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0–75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4–97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8–80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3–4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. Interpretation ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials

Doença infecciosa bursal : patogenicidade de vacinas comercializadas no Brasil

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Evaluación del ruido en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatal

Introducción: Con los avances en la tecnología y la investigación llevada a cabo en neonatología, ya es posible ver más allá de lo que podamos para salvaguardar las vidas de recién nacidos (RN), proporcionando una calidad de vida. Para esto necesitamos tener una visión amplia que se ve más allá del individuo, el medio ambiente y el equipo que le rodea. Humanización debe impregnar todas las acciones tomadas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN). Objetivo: En este contexto, el ruido ambiental emerge como un objeto de estudio de esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los niveles de ruido a que están expuestos los recién nacidos ingresados en una unidad específica de cuidados intensivos neonatales y discutirlos a la luz de las normas vigentes país. Materiales y Métodos: Teniendo en cuenta el tema de la parte delantera de esta investigación considera que es importante conocer la legislación que aborda este tema, específicamente el procedimiento estándar de Higiene Profesional Técnica (NHO 01) y la norma 15 (NR15). De acuerdo con la Norma 15 (NR 15) promulgado por el Ministerio de la Ordenanza N º 3214/1978 del Trabajo, actualizado por el Decreto 203/2011, el ruido que se clasifica como el impacto del ruido o el ruido continuo también llamado intermitente, que se caracteriza los picos de energía acústica de menos de 1 (un) segundo a intervalos superiores a 1 (un) segundo. Resultados: Comenzamos la presentación de los resultados que describen el campo de estudio, los resultados de la investigación discutidos a la luz de las normas vigentes en el país. Discusión y Conclusiones: La institución por área de estudio es un centro de referencia para cuidados intensivos neonatales de la micro-región de Barbacena recibe pacientes de varios lugares. De acuerdo con la Resolución del Directorio N º 7 (RDC 07) se clasifica como un nivel de unidad de cuidadosintensivos II(10). (Rev Cuid 2011; 2(2): 114-18).Palabras clave: Enfermería, Ruído, Neonatología. (Fuente: DeCs BIREME).</h5