Methodology and applications of city level CO2 emission accounts in China

China is the world's largest energy consumer and CO2 emitter. Cities contribute 85% of the total CO2 emissions in China and thus are considered as the key areas for implementing policies designed for climate change adaption and CO2 emission mitigation. However, the emission inventory construction of Chinese cities has not been well researched, mainly owing to the lack of systematic statistics and poor data quality. Focusing on this research gap, we developed a set of methods for constructing CO2 emissions inventories for Chinese cities based on energy balance table. The newly constructed emission inventory is compiled in terms of the definition provided by the IPCC territorial emission accounting approach and covers 47 socioeconomic sectors, 17 fossil fuels and 9 primary industry products, which is corresponding with the national and provincial inventory. In the study, we applied the methods to compile CO2 emissions inventories for 24 common Chinese cities and examined uncertainties of the inventories. Understanding the emissions sources in Chinese cities is the basis for many climate policy and goal research in the future

Private medicine in socialist China: a survey of the private medical market in Guangzhou

This study analyses the size and the characteristics of the private medical market in Guangzhou. Legislations related to the regulation of private medical establishments are examined. Data collected reveal that private sector provision of health services in China is still small and lacks sophistication. The article recommends further reforms in the fees and charges system; loosening of the restrictions of public doctors to undertake private practice; contracting-out some of the state health services to private practitioners; and, creating a more favourable environment for private investment in the health care industry