Socio-Political Conflict and Eonomic Performance in Bolivia

We examine how socio-political conflict in Bolivia has affected its economic performance since the 1970s. Such conflict includes strikes, demonstrations, road blockades, and conventional rent-seeking. Since conflict has costs, it diverts resources away from production, tends to reduce investment and could therefore reduce economic growth. We first review the characteristics of conflict in Bolivia using a unique data set. We then provide estimates of the direct costs of conflict and examine the relationship with economic performance using hypotheses derived from a simple model. In particular, we make a distinction between economic growth that is due to external factors like changes in income due to movements in the terms of trade and economic growth that is due to productive investment. Growth due to external factors tends to be positively related to conflict, whereas growth due to productive investment should be negatively related to conflict. Finally, we discuss how levels of conflict, economic performance, and governance might be related in Bolivia’s recent history.Economic growth; Property rights; Governance

Socio-Political Conflict and Economic Performance in Bolivia

We examine how socio-political conflict in Bolivia has affected its economic performance since the 1970s. Such conflict includes strikes, demonstrations, road blockades, and conventional rent-seeking. Since conflict has costs, it diverts resources away from production, tends to reduce investment and could therefore reduce economic growth. We first review the characteristics of conflict in Bolivia using a unique data set. We then provide estimates of the direct costs of conflict and examine the relationship with economic performance using hypotheses derived from a simple model. In particular, we make a distinction between economic growth that is due to external factors – like changes in income due to movements in the terms of trade – and economic growth that is due to productive investment. Growth due to external factors tends to be positively related to conflict, whereas growth due to productive investment should be negatively related to conflict. Finally, we discuss how levels of conflict, economic performance, and governance might be related in Bolivia’s recent history.economic growth, property rights, governance

Desarrollo de un dashboard para la monitorización de la actividad de asociaciones musicales

[ES] En este trabajo se ha planteado una solución para líderes o administradores de las federaciones de sociedades musicales, cuya necesidad es acceder a los datos para monitorizar y gestionar los datos de las sociedades que se encuentran bajo su dominio. Este panel de control permite a los líderes de federaciones consultar un listado de sus sociedades musicales registradas, datos y detalles sobre las mismas y monitorizar datos, estadísticas y eventos de la propia federación de un modo sencillo y accesible desde cualquier navegador web en cualquier dispositivo utilizando las últimas tecnologías.[EN] This work presented a solution for leaders or administrators of the federations of musical partnerships, who need to access the data to manage the data of the partnerships that are under their domain. This dashboard allows federation leaders to consult a list of their registered musical partnerships, data and details about them and monitor data, statistics and events of the federation itself in a simple and accessible way from any web browser in any device using the latest technologies.Roberto Lendínez, JY. (2021). Desarrollo de un dashboard para la monitorización de la actividad de asociaciones musicales. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/172200TFG

Diagnóstico de morte de pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha nas regiões de Araguaína, TO e Redenção, PA.

Ocorrência de morte de pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha nas regiões de Araguaína, em Tocantins e Redenção, no sul do Pará, motivou pesquisadores da Embrapa Gado de Corte a realizarem uma viagem de diagnóstico, durante o período de 4 a 9 de março de 1999. Constatou-se que a morte das pastagens ocorria em áreas localizadas (reboleiras) das pastagens. Apesar de terem sido verificadas altas infestações de cigarrinhas-das-pastagens, bem como de cupins subterrâneos, em alguns locais, o excesso de água em áreas de depressão do terreno (condição favorável ao ataque de fungos nas raízes - principalmente do gênero Rhizoctonia), associado a um estado geral de degradação de pastagens por excesso de uso (manejo inadequado), foram consideradas as principais causas da morte de braquiária nas regiões visitadas.bitstream/item/136448/1/DOC-96.pd

Semblanzas deportivas: humor, deporte y terror en Fontanarrosa

Este trabajo analiza el uso del humor negro en la obra historietística de Fontanarrosa, particularmente en su serie Semblanzas Deportivas, definiendo, a la vez que deslindando, los modos discursivos que el autor llama lo cómico y lo humorístico y partiendo de la relación que se establece entre la obra de Fontanarrosa y el campo de las llamadas culturas populares. Se destaca, por un lado, la influencia en el autor de la obra literaria de Borges y la repetición de cierto "gesto" que Borges establece en sus textos con respecto a las culturas subalternas; por el otro, se analiza el modo en que al abordar el mundo del deporte, fútbol, boxeo, atletismo, lucha libre Fontanarrosa logra dar cuenta de la violencia inherente a toda cultura, hiperbolizando dicha violencia, estableciendo una relación de oposición sin negarla, en un movimiento que sería propio de lo que el autor llama lo humorístico.This paper discusses cartoonist Fontanarrosa’s use of black humor in his series Semblanzas Deportivas. We aim to define and also to demarcate humor and comedy. We also address the place of Fontanarrosa’s work in popular culture, especially in regard to sports such as football, boxing, athletics and wrestling. The use of Borges’ literature in Fontanarrosa is observed and we show how the exaggeration of certain features in his characters achieve criticism without having to resort to outright opposition.Fil: Palacios, Cristian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Economic analysis of an automated lighting system with presence sensor at a state school in the city of Manacapuru-AM

This work addresses the consumption of electricity in a state school in the interior of Amazonas, highlighting the importance of the search for available technologies to reduce energy consumption. In this context, the main objective of this study is to demonstrate the energy costs in the lighting system of a state school in the city of Manacapuru, and also to analyze economically the feasibility of an automated lighting system with presence sensor in classrooms. Since, the lighting of the classrooms is manual and depends exclusively on the need for a public servant to turn on and off the switches, thus, the energy consumption of the luminaires and the time in which the exacerbated consumption occurs directly affects the energy bills of the place. In the development of research, it was found that the use of presence sensors would result in both financial savings and an environmental issue. The results showed that it is possible to have a saving of 31.43% in the value of energy compared to the value currently paid. Therefore, the amount of the investment that costs R$ 1.998,00 would be paid in two and a half months. This way, it would contribute to the useful life of the lamps and thus avoid their early disposal, thus avoiding an environmental impact because the replacement and disposal of these materials are usually very harmful to the environment

Spectral gaps and exponential integrability of hitting times for linear diffusions

Let X be a regular continuous positively recurrent Markov process with state space R, scale function S and speed measure m. For a ∈ R denote B+a = sup x≥a m(]x,+∞[)(S(x) − S(a)) B−a = sup x≤a m(]−∞;x[)(S(a) − S(x)) It is well known that the finiteness of B±a is equivalent to the existence of spectral gaps of generators associated with X. We show how these quantities appear independently in the study of the exponential moments of hitting times of X. Then we establish a very direct relation between exponential moments and spectral gaps, all by improving their classical bounds

Phase portraits of the quadratic polynomial Liénard differential systems

We classify the global phase portraits in the Poincaré disc of the quadratic polynomial Liénard differential systems ˙ x = y, ˙ y = (ax + b)y + cx2 + dx + e, where (x,y) ∈R2 are the variables and a,b,c,d,e are real parameters

Repair work as good work: craft and love in classic car restoration training

Repair work is essential if we are to develop environmentally sustainable societies, but repair activity has largely disappeared in advanced economies. Where it survives, work in repair is typically ‘dirty’ and undesirable. This article asks how repair work can be experienced as ‘good work’, drawing on the accounts of 20 trainees on a classic car restoration course. We observe that two features made repair ‘good work’ in their eyes: craft and love. Craft skills enabled trainees to imagine improved employment futures, but also engendered emotional satisfactions. What the trainees emphasized even more was love, in four distinct ways. First, there was ‘object love’ for the classic car. Second, love was evoked as repair reconnected them with ‘authentic’ younger selves. Third, love was claimed to be a prerequisite to do the work. Fourth, love mediated market relationships, connecting repairers and clients in a ‘community of enthusiasm’. Our discussion contributes to studies of workplace emotions, which typically focus on feminized work, by showing how love also matters in experiences of masculine work. Identifying the attractions of repair, we also consider the liminal context of training and highlight the key conditions for the survival and growth of repair as paid ‘good work’

Hooking Up on College Campuses

A 2001 national study of college women’s sexual attitudes and behaviors revealed that students have stopped dating and started “hooking up.” Previous studies focused on fraternities and their relation to the rape culture but neglected to connect rape culture to hook up culture. This study evaluated the culture surrounding rape by interviewing seventeen college aged men about masculinity, behavior in male homosocial groups, “hooking up” and rape. It addresses the following questions: 1-How do college men understand “hooking up” and sexual consent? 2-In what ways might men’s understanding of “hooking up” and sexual consent be related to the ongoing incidence of rape on college campuses? 3- How do men understand and adhere to rape myths? In-depth interviews with college men in this study point to their dependence on nonverbal communication when negotiating “hookups,” with implications for their understandings of consent and perpetuation of myths concerning women\u27s sexuality