136 research outputs found

    Systems Engineering: Availability and Reliability

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    Current trends in Industry 4.0 are largely related to issues of reliability and availability. As a result of these trends and the complexity of engineering systems, research and development in this area needs to focus on new solutions in the integration of intelligent machines or systems, with an emphasis on changes in production processes aimed at increasing production efficiency or equipment reliability. The emergence of innovative technologies and new business models based on innovation, cooperation networks, and the enhancement of endogenous resources is assumed to be a strong contribution to the development of competitive economies all around the world. Innovation and engineering, focused on sustainability, reliability, and availability of resources, have a key role in this context. The scope of this Special Issue is closely associated to that of the ICIE’2020 conference. This conference and journal’s Special Issue is to present current innovations and engineering achievements of top world scientists and industrial practitioners in the thematic areas related to reliability and risk assessment, innovations in maintenance strategies, production process scheduling, management and maintenance or systems analysis, simulation, design and modelling

    Applied Metaheuristic Computing

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    For decades, Applied Metaheuristic Computing (AMC) has been a prevailing optimization technique for tackling perplexing engineering and business problems, such as scheduling, routing, ordering, bin packing, assignment, facility layout planning, among others. This is partly because the classic exact methods are constrained with prior assumptions, and partly due to the heuristics being problem-dependent and lacking generalization. AMC, on the contrary, guides the course of low-level heuristics to search beyond the local optimality, which impairs the capability of traditional computation methods. This topic series has collected quality papers proposing cutting-edge methodology and innovative applications which drive the advances of AMC

    Improving Energy Efficiency through Data-Driven Modeling, Simulation and Optimization

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    In October 2014, the EU leaders agreed upon three key targets for the year 2030: a reduction by at least 40% in greenhouse gas emissions, savings of at least 27% for renewable energy, and improvements by at least 27% in energy efficiency. The increase in computational power combined with advanced modeling and simulation tools makes it possible to derive new technological solutions that can enhance the energy efficiency of systems and that can reduce the ecological footprint. This book compiles 10 novel research works from a Special Issue that was focused on data-driven approaches, machine learning, or artificial intelligence for the modeling, simulation, and optimization of energy systems

    Applied Methuerstic computing

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    For decades, Applied Metaheuristic Computing (AMC) has been a prevailing optimization technique for tackling perplexing engineering and business problems, such as scheduling, routing, ordering, bin packing, assignment, facility layout planning, among others. This is partly because the classic exact methods are constrained with prior assumptions, and partly due to the heuristics being problem-dependent and lacking generalization. AMC, on the contrary, guides the course of low-level heuristics to search beyond the local optimality, which impairs the capability of traditional computation methods. This topic series has collected quality papers proposing cutting-edge methodology and innovative applications which drive the advances of AMC

    Operations Management

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    Global competition has caused fundamental changes in the competitive environment of the manufacturing and service industries. Firms should develop strategic objectives that, upon achievement, result in a competitive advantage in the market place. The forces of globalization on one hand and rapidly growing marketing opportunities overseas, especially in emerging economies on the other, have led to the expansion of operations on a global scale. The book aims to cover the main topics characterizing operations management including both strategic issues and practical applications. A global environmental business including both manufacturing and services is analyzed. The book contains original research and application chapters from different perspectives. It is enriched through the analyses of case studies

    Beyond hairballs: depicting complexity of a kinase-phosphatase network in the budding yeast

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    Les kinases et les phosphatases (KP) reprĂ©sentent la plus grande famille des enzymes dans la cellule. Elles rĂ©gulent les unes les autres ainsi que 60 % du protĂ©ome, formant des rĂ©seaux complexes kinase-phosphatase (KP-Net) jouant un rĂŽle essentiel dans la signalisation cellulaire. Ces rĂ©seaux caractĂ©risĂ©s d’une organisation de type commandes-exĂ©cutions possĂšdent gĂ©nĂ©ralement une structure hiĂ©rarchique. MalgrĂ© les nombreuse Ă©tudes effectuĂ©es sur le rĂ©seau KP-Net chez la levure, la structure hiĂ©rarchique ainsi que les principes fonctionnels sont toujours peux connu pour ce rĂ©seau. Dans ce contexte, le but de cette thĂšse consistait Ă  effectuer une analyse d’intĂ©gration des donnĂ©es provenant de diffĂ©rentes sources avec la structure hiĂ©rarchique d’un rĂ©seau KP-Net de haute qualitĂ© chez la levure, S. cerevisiae, afin de gĂ©nĂ©rer des hypothĂšses concernant les principes fonctionnels de chaque couche de la hiĂ©rarchie du rĂ©seau KP-Net. En se basant sur une curation de donnĂ©es d’interactions effectuĂ©e dans la prĂ©sente et dans d’autres Ă©tudes, le plus grand et authentique rĂ©seau KP-Net reconnu jusqu’à ce jour chez la levure a Ă©tĂ© assemblĂ© dans cette Ă©tude. En Ă©valuant le niveau hiĂ©rarchique du KP-Net en utilisant la mĂ©trique de la centralisation globale et en Ă©lucidant sa structure hiĂ©rarchique en utilisant l'algorithme vertex-sort (VS), nous avons trouvĂ© que le rĂ©seau KP-Net possĂšde une structure hiĂ©rarchique ayant la forme d’un sablier, formĂ©e de trois niveaux disjoints (supĂ©rieur, central et infĂ©rieur). En effet, le niveau supĂ©rieur du rĂ©seau, contenant un nombre Ă©levĂ© de KPs, Ă©tait enrichi par des KPs associĂ©es Ă  la rĂ©gulation des signaux cellulaire; le niveau central, formĂ© d’un nombre limitĂ© de KPs fortement connectĂ©es les unes aux autres, Ă©tait enrichi en KPs impliquĂ©es dans la rĂ©gulation du cycle cellulaire; et le niveau infĂ©rieur, composĂ© d’un nombre important de KPs, Ă©tait enrichi en KPs impliquĂ©es dans des processus cellulaires diversifiĂ©s. En superposant une grande multitude de propriĂ©tĂ©s biologiques des KPs sur le rĂ©seau KP-Net, le niveau supĂ©rieur Ă©tait enrichi en phosphatases alors que le niveau infĂ©rieur en Ă©tait appauvri, suggĂ©rant que les phosphatases seraient moins rĂ©gulĂ©es par phosphorylation et dĂ©phosphorylation que les kinases. De plus, le niveau central Ă©tait enrichi en KPs reprĂ©sentant des « bottlenecks », participant Ă  plus d’une voie de signalisation, codĂ©es par des gĂšnes essentiels et en KPs qui Ă©taient les plus strictement rĂ©gulĂ©es dans l’espace et dans le temps. Ceci implique que les KPs qui jouent un rĂŽle essentiel dans le rĂ©seau KP-Net devraient ĂȘtre Ă©troitement contrĂŽlĂ©es. En outre, cette Ă©tude a montrĂ© que les protĂ©ines des KPs classĂ©es au niveau supĂ©rieur du rĂ©seau sont exprimĂ©es Ă  des niveaux d’abondance plus Ă©levĂ©s et Ă  un niveau de bruit moins Ă©levĂ© que celles classĂ©es au niveau infĂ©rieur du rĂ©seau, suggĂ©rant que l’expression des enzymes Ă  des abondances Ă©levĂ©es invariables au niveau supĂ©rieur du rĂ©seau KP-Net pourrait ĂȘtre importante pour assurer un systĂšme robuste de signalisation. L’étude de l’algorithme VS a montrĂ© que le degrĂ© des nƓuds affecte leur classement dans les diffĂ©rents niveaux d’un rĂ©seau hiĂ©rarchique sans biaiser les rĂ©sultats biologiques du rĂ©seau Ă©tudiĂ©. En outre, une analyse de robustesse du rĂ©seau KP-Net a montrĂ© que les niveaus du rĂ©seau KP-Net sont modĂ©rĂ©ment stable dans des rĂ©seaux bruitĂ©s gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©s par ajout d’arrĂȘtes au rĂ©seau KP-Net. Cependant, les niveaux de ces rĂ©seaux bruitĂ©s et de ceux du rĂ©seau KP-Net se superposent significativement. De plus, les propriĂ©tĂ©s topologiques et biologiques du rĂ©seau KP-Net Ă©taient retenues dans les rĂ©seaux bruitĂ©s Ă  diffĂ©rents niveaux. Ces rĂ©sultats indiquant que bien qu’une robustesse partielle de nos rĂ©sultats ait Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e, ces derniers reprĂ©sentent l’état actuel de nos connaissances des rĂ©seaux KP-Nets. Finalement, l’amĂ©lioration des techniques dĂ©diĂ©es Ă  l’identification des substrats des KPs aideront davantage Ă  comprendre comment les rĂ©seaux KP-Nets fonctionnent. À titre d’exemple, je dĂ©cris, dans cette thĂšse, une stratĂ©gie que nous avons conçu et qui permet Ă  dĂ©terminer les interactions KP-substrats et les sous-unitĂ©s rĂ©gulatrices sur lesquelles ces interactions dĂ©pendent. Cette stratĂ©gie est basĂ©e sur la complĂ©mentation des fragments de protĂ©ines basĂ©e sur la cytosine dĂ©saminase chez la levure (OyCD PCA). L’OyCD PCA reprĂ©sente un essai in vivo Ă  haut dĂ©bit qui promet une description plus prĂ©cise des rĂ©seaux KP-Nets complexes. En l’appliquant pour dĂ©terminer les substrats de la kinase cycline-dĂ©pendante de type 1 (Cdk1, appelĂ©e aussi Cdc28) chez la levure et l’implication des cyclines dans la phosphorylation de ces substrats par Cdk1, l’essai OyCD PCA a montrĂ© un comportement compensatoire collectif des cyclines pour la majoritĂ© des substrats. De plus, cet essai a montrĂ© que la tubuline- Îł est phosphorylĂ©e spĂ©cifiquement par Clb3-Cdk1, Ă©tablissant ainsi le moment pendant lequel cet Ă©vĂ©nement contrĂŽle l'assemblage du fuseau mitotique.Kinases and phosphatases (KP) form the largest family of enzymes in living cells. They regulate each other and 60 % of the proteome forming complex kinase-phosphatase networks (KP-Net) essential for cell signaling. Such networks having the command-execution aspect tend to have a hierarchical structure. Despite the extensive study of the KP-Net in the budding yeast, the hierarchical structure as well as the functional principles of this network are still not known. In this context, this thesis aims to perform an integrative analysis of multi-omics data with the hierarchical structure of a bona fide KP-Net in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in order to generate hypotheses about the functional principles of each layer in the KP-Net hierarchy. Based on a literature curation effort accomplished in this and in other studies, the largest bona fide KP-Net of the S. cerevisiae known to date was assembled in this thesis. By assessing the hierarchical level of the KP-Net using the global reaching centrality and by elucidating the its hierarchical structure using the vertex-sort (VS) algorithm, we found that the KP-Net has a moderate hierarchical structure made of three disjoint layers (top, core and bottom) resembling a bow tie shape. The top layer having a large size was found enriched for signaling regulation; the core layer made of few strongly connected KPs was found enriched mostly for cell cycle regulation; and the bottom layer having a large size was found enriched for diverse biological processes. On overlaying a wide range of KP biological properties on top of the KP-Net hierarchical structure, the top layer was found enriched for and the bottom layer was found depleted for phosphatases, suggesting that phosphatases are less regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphoryation interactions (PDI) than kinases. Moreover, the core layer was found enriched for KPs representing bottlenecks, pathway-shared components, essential genes and for the most tightly regulated KPs in time and space, implying that KPs playing an essential role in the KP-Net should be firmly controlled. Interestingly, KP proteins in the top layer were found more abundant and less noisy than those of the bottom layer, suggesting that availability of enzymes at invariable protein expression level at the top of the network might be important to ensure a robust signaling. Analysis of the VS algorithm showed that node degrees affect their classification in the different layers of a network hierarchical structure without biasing biological results of the sorted network. Robustness analysis of the KP-Net showed that KP-Net layers are moderately stable in noisy networks generated by adding edges to the KP-Net. However, layers of these noisy overlap significantly with those of the KP-Net. Moreover, topological and biological properties of the KP-Net were retained in the noisy networks to different levels. These findings indicate that despite the observed partial robustness of our results, they mostly represent our current knowledge about KP-Nets. Finally, enhancement of techniques dedicated to identify KPs substrates will enhance our understanding about how KP-Nets function. As an example, I describe here a strategy that we devised to help in determining KP-substrate interactions and the regulatory subunits on which these interactions depend. The strategy is based on a protein-fragment complementation assay based on the optimized yeast cytosine deaminase (OyCD PCA). The OyCD PCA represents a large scale in vivo screen that promises a substantial improvement in delineating the complex KP-Nets. We applied the strategy to determine substrates of the cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1; also called Cdc28) and cyclins implicated in phosphorylation of these substrates by Cdk1 in S. cerevisiae. The OyCD PCA showed a wide compensatory behavior of cyclins for most of the substrates and the phosphorylation of Îł-tubulin specifically by Clb3-Cdk1, thus establishing the timing of the latter event in controlling assembly of the mitotic spindle

    Systematic Approaches for Telemedicine and Data Coordination for COVID-19 in Baja California, Mexico

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    Conference proceedings info: ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies Raleigh, HI, United States, March 24-26, 2023 Pages 529-542We provide a model for systematic implementation of telemedicine within a large evaluation center for COVID-19 in the area of Baja California, Mexico. Our model is based on human-centric design factors and cross disciplinary collaborations for scalable data-driven enablement of smartphone, cellular, and video Teleconsul-tation technologies to link hospitals, clinics, and emergency medical services for point-of-care assessments of COVID testing, and for subsequent treatment and quar-antine decisions. A multidisciplinary team was rapidly created, in cooperation with different institutions, including: the Autonomous University of Baja California, the Ministry of Health, the Command, Communication and Computer Control Center of the Ministry of the State of Baja California (C4), Colleges of Medicine, and the College of Psychologists. Our objective is to provide information to the public and to evaluate COVID-19 in real time and to track, regional, municipal, and state-wide data in real time that informs supply chains and resource allocation with the anticipation of a surge in COVID-19 cases. RESUMEN Proporcionamos un modelo para la implementaciĂłn sistemĂĄtica de la telemedicina dentro de un gran centro de evaluaciĂłn de COVID-19 en el ĂĄrea de Baja California, MĂ©xico. Nuestro modelo se basa en factores de diseño centrados en el ser humano y colaboraciones interdisciplinarias para la habilitaciĂłn escalable basada en datos de tecnologĂ­as de teleconsulta de telĂ©fonos inteligentes, celulares y video para vincular hospitales, clĂ­nicas y servicios mĂ©dicos de emergencia para evaluaciones de COVID en el punto de atenciĂłn. pruebas, y para el tratamiento posterior y decisiones de cuarentena. RĂĄpidamente se creĂł un equipo multidisciplinario, en cooperaciĂłn con diferentes instituciones, entre ellas: la Universidad AutĂłnoma de Baja California, la SecretarĂ­a de Salud, el Centro de Comando, Comunicaciones y Control InformĂĄtico. de la SecretarĂ­a del Estado de Baja California (C4), Facultades de Medicina y Colegio de PsicĂłlogos. Nuestro objetivo es proporcionar informaciĂłn al pĂșblico y evaluar COVID-19 en tiempo real y rastrear datos regionales, municipales y estatales en tiempo real que informan las cadenas de suministro y la asignaciĂłn de recursos con la anticipaciĂłn de un aumento de COVID-19. 19 casos.ICICT 2023: 2023 The 6th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologieshttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3236-
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