Fuzzy-skyhook controller with cuckoo search algorithm for a semi-active suspension system with magnetorheological damper

This study aims to investigate the performance of a semi-active suspension system of the quarter car using fuzzy-skyhook (fs) controller tuned by cuckoo search algorithm (CSA). Since the parameters of the controller are crucial to be determined, the CSA method is deemed a good approach when combined with the fuzzy-skyhook controller since the proposed controller is expected to improve the searching accuracy of the parameters. The magnetorheological (MR) damper model was developed using the Spencer model approach based on the force-velocity and force-displacement characteristics. Then, a full simulation of the suspension system excited with a sinusoidal road profile input was conducted using MATLAB/Simulink. A comparative study was carried out between the semi-active systems and benchmarked against a passive suspension. The effectiveness of the fuzzy-skyhook controller with CSA (fs-CSA) was analyzed and compared to the fuzzy-skyhook and skyhook controllers. The result indicates that fs-CSA gives the highest percentage of improvement for the body acceleration and displacement for up to 48.6% and 21.3%, respectively

State of the art of control schemes for smart systems featuring magneto-rheological materials

This review presents various control strategies for application systems utilizing smart magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) and magneto-rheological elastomers (MRE). It is well known that both MRF and MRE are actively studied and applied to many practical systems such as vehicle dampers. The mandatory requirements for successful applications of MRF and MRE include several factors: advanced material properties, optimal mechanisms, suitable modeling, and appropriate control schemes. Among these requirements, the use of an appropriate control scheme is a crucial factor since it is the final action stage of the application systems to achieve the desired output responses. There are numerous different control strategies which have been applied to many different application systems of MRF and MRE, summarized in this review. In the literature review, advantages and disadvantages of each control scheme are discussed so that potential researchers can develop more effective strategies to achieve higher control performance of many application systems utilizing magneto-rheological materials

Neurofuzzy controller based full vehicle nonlinear active suspension systems

To design a robust controller for active suspension systems is very important for guaranteeing the riding comfort for passengers and road handling quality for a vehicle. In this thesis, the mathematical model of full vehicle nonlinear active suspension systems with hydraulic actuators is derived to take into account all the motions of the vehicle and the nonlinearity behaviours of the active suspension system and hydraulic actuators. Four robust control types are designed and the comparisons among the robustness of those controllers against different disturbance types are investigated to select the best controller among them. The MATLAB SIMULINK toolboxes are used to simulate the proposed controllers with the controlled model and to display the responses of the controlled model under different types of disturbance. The results show that the neurofuzzy controller is more effective and robust than the other controller types. The implementation of the neurofuzzy controller using FPGA boards has been investigated in this work. The Xilinx ISE program is employed to synthesis the VHDL codes that describe the operation of the neurofuzzy controller and to generate the configuration file used to program the FPGA. The ModelSim program is used to simulate the operation of the VHDL codes and to obtain the expected output data of the FPGA boards. To confirm that FPGA the board used as the neurofuzzy controller system operated as expected, a MATLAB script file is used to compare the set of data obtained from the ModelSim program and the set of data obtained from the MATLAB SIMULINK model. The results show that the FPGA board is effective to be used as a neurofuzzy controller for full vehicle nonlinear active suspension systems. The active suspension system has a great performance for vibration isolation. However the main drawback of the active suspension is that it is high energy consumptive. Therefore, to use this suspension system in the proposed model, this drawback should be solved. Electromagnetic actuators are used to convert the vibration energy that arises from the rough road to useful electrical energy to reduce the energy consumption by the active suspension systems. The results show that the electromagnetic devices act as a power generator, i.e. the vibration energy excited by the rough road surface has been converted to a useful electrical energy supply for the actuators. Furthermore, when the nonlinear damper models are replaced by the electromagnetic actuators, riding comfort and the road handling quality are improved. As a result, two targets have been achieved by using hydraulic actuators with electromagnetic suspension systems: increasing fuel economy and improving the vehicle performance

Non-intrusive determination of shock absorber characteristic curves by means of evolutionary algorithms

The fault detection in the components of the suspension system of road vehicles is of great importance. The optimal performance of the suspension system has a big influence on the safety and stability of a vehicle. Vehicle inspection services make use of different methods of fault diagnosis of shock absorbers without the need to remove them from the vehicle. These methods generally provide an average value of the damping coefficient or a value related to the efficiency of the damper. Next, acceptance or rejection criteria are used to evaluate the condition of the damper. Consequently, there is currently no objective criterion for detecting the malfunctioning or faulty condition of shock absorbers. In this work, a novel methodology capable of obtaining the complete force–velocity characteristic curve of the shock absorber is proposed. For this purpose, the importance of using an appropriate tyre model to obtain the suspension parameters is first studied. In addition, the displacements of the sprung and unsprung masses and the excitation of the system are obtained experimentally. Next, the points that model the complete characteristic curve of a shock absorber are obtained by means of an optimization method based on evolutionary algorithms. Real tests have been conducted on a complete vehicle suspension test bench to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Innovation Science Ministry under Grant PID2019-105572RB-I00. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga

Design and Modeling for 2D Plate Type MR Damper

A two-dimensional magnetorheological damper is developed for the engineering two-dimensional damping need. The velocity and pressure distribution model of the two-dimensional plate-type damper, and the damping force calculation model are established based on the Navier-Stokes equation. Several structural and physical parameters, including the working gap δ, the length a, and the width a of the middle slide plate, are analyzed theoretically. The damping performance of the two-dimensional plate-type magnetorheological damper was evaluated using a two-dimensional vibration test-bed, with the effect of the excitation current analyzed. The experimental results suggest a significant influence of Coulomb damping force on the damping force of magnetorheological damper when using appropriate magnetorheological fluid. As the excitation current increases, the damping force of magnetorheological damper becomes larger while the system amplitude decreases gradually in both directions, a maximum reduction of 2.5956 times. It's confirmed that the design of the two-dimensional plate-type magnetorheological damper is reasonable

Emerging Trends in Mechatronics

Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary branch of engineering combining mechanical, electrical and electronics, control and automation, and computer engineering fields. The main research task of mechatronics is design, control, and optimization of advanced devices, products, and hybrid systems utilizing the concepts found in all these fields. The purpose of this special issue is to help better understand how mechatronics will impact on the practice and research of developing advanced techniques to model, control, and optimize complex systems. The special issue presents recent advances in mechatronics and related technologies. The selected topics give an overview of the state of the art and present new research results and prospects for the future development of the interdisciplinary field of mechatronic systems

Fuzzy Logic

The capability of Fuzzy Logic in the development of emerging technologies is introduced in this book. The book consists of sixteen chapters showing various applications in the field of Bioinformatics, Health, Security, Communications, Transportations, Financial Management, Energy and Environment Systems. This book is a major reference source for all those concerned with applied intelligent systems. The intended readers are researchers, engineers, medical practitioners, and graduate students interested in fuzzy logic systems

Мехатроний магнітореологічний демпфер протезу колінного суглоба

Дипломний проект бакалавра на тему: «Мехатроний магнітореологічний демпфер протезу колінного суглоба» складається з 5 розділів, обсяг пояснювальної записки 86 сторінок основного тексту, включає 55 рисунків, та 4 плакатів графічного матеріалу, що оформлено на листах формату А1, 3 креслення, що оформлено на листах формату А3 та 1 креслення, що оформлено на листі формату А2. Метою роботи є проектування максимально ефективного та ергономічного магнітореологічного демпфера за обмежених габаритних розмірів самого демпфера у складі протеза колінного суглоба людини. Для досягнення мети поставлено наступні задачі: 1. Провести аналіз проблем, що виникають при експлуатації гідравлічних демпферних пристроїв; 2. Провести аналіз існуючих демпферів, що повністю чи частково вирішують проблему, пов’язану з характеристикою демпфера; 3. Запропонувати та обґрунтувати тип конструкції термостабільного магнітореологічного демпфера; 4. Провести розрахунок основних параметрів та навести конструкцію магнітореологічного демпфера; 5. Запропонувати алгоритм керування характеристикою обраного магнітореологічного демпфера; 6. Провести математичне моделювання в MATLAB Simscape та виділити визначальні параметри, що впливають на ефективність роботи демпфера. Перший розділ роботи присвячено вивченню проблем при експлуатації гідравлічних демпферів, вивченню існуючих аналогів. Другий розділ роботи присвячено кінематичному розрахунку, вибору конструктивної схеми магнітореологічного демпфера, розрахунку параметрів магнітореологічного демпфера, розрахунку на міцність та стійкість, розробці блок-схеми алгоритму керування характеристикою демпфера. Третій розділ роботи присвячено математичному моделюванню робочих процесів в демпфері при заданих режимах роботи в MATLAB Simscape. Четвертий розділ роботи присвячено охороні праці. П’ятий розділ роботи присвячено технології машинобудування, а саме розробці технологічного циклу для виготовлення 500 штоків магнітореологічного демпфера.A diploma of bachelor on the topic “Mechatronic magnetorheological damper of knee joint prosthesis” consists of 5 chapters. There are 86 pages of the main material, including 55 drawings and 4 posters of drawing material designed on A1 sheets, 3 drawings designed on A3 sheets, 1 drawing designed on A2 sheet. The aim of the work is to design the most efficient and ergonomic magnetorheological damper with limited overall dimensions of the damper as part of the prosthesis of the human knee joint. To achieve the aim of the work the following tasks are set: 1. Analyze the problems that arise during the operation of hydraulic damping devices; 2. Make an analysis of existing dampers, which completely or partially solve the problem related to the characteristics of the damper; 3. Propose and substantiate the type of construction of a thermostable magnetorheological damper; 4. Calculate the main parameters and provide the design of the magnetorheological damper; 5. Offer an algorithm for controlling the characteristics of the selected magnetorheological damper; 6. Make mathematical modeling in MATLAB Simscape and select the defining parameters that affect the efficiency of the damper. The first chapter of the work is devoted to the study of problems in the working processes of hydraulic dampers, the study of existing analogues. The second chapter of the work is devoted to the calculation of kinematic, the choice of the structural scheme of the magnetorheological damper, the calculation of the parameters of the magnetorheological damper, the calculation of strength and stability, the development of a block diagram of the control algorithm for damper characteristics. The third chapter of the work is devoted to mathematical modeling of work processes in the damper at given operating modes in MATLAB Simscape. The fourth chapter of the work is devoted to labor protection. The fifth chapter of the work is devoted to manufacturing engineering technology, the development of a technological cycle for the manufacture of 500 rods of magnetorheological damper

Shortest Route at Dynamic Location with Node Combination-Dijkstra Algorithm

Abstract— Online transportation has become a basic requirement of the general public in support of all activities to go to work, school or vacation to the sights. Public transportation services compete to provide the best service so that consumers feel comfortable using the services offered, so that all activities are noticed, one of them is the search for the shortest route in picking the buyer or delivering to the destination. Node Combination method can minimize memory usage and this methode is more optimal when compared to A* and Ant Colony in the shortest route search like Dijkstra algorithm, but can’t store the history node that has been passed. Therefore, using node combination algorithm is very good in searching the shortest distance is not the shortest route. This paper is structured to modify the node combination algorithm to solve the problem of finding the shortest route at the dynamic location obtained from the transport fleet by displaying the nodes that have the shortest distance and will be implemented in the geographic information system in the form of map to facilitate the use of the system. Keywords— Shortest Path, Algorithm Dijkstra, Node Combination, Dynamic Location (key words