Understanding the internet topology evolution dynamics

The internet structure is extremely complex. The Positive-Feedback Preference (PFP) model is a recently introduced internet topology generator. The model uses two generic algorithms to replicate the evolution dynamics observed on the internet historic data. The phenomenological model was originally designed to match only two topology properties of the internet, i.e. the rich-club connectivity and the exact form of degree distribution. Whereas numerical evaluation has shown that the PFP model accurately reproduces a large set of other nontrivial characteristics as well. This paper aims to investigate why and how this generative model captures so many diverse properties of the internet. Based on comprehensive simulation results, the paper presents a detailed analysis on the exact origin of each of the topology properties produced by the model. This work reveals how network evolution mechanisms control the obtained topology properties and it also provides insights on correlations between various structural characteristics of complex networks.Comment: 15 figure

Understanding the Internet: Model, Metaphor, and Analogy

published or submitted for publicatio

Understanding the Internet: Psychological word norms as indicators of query-specific internet word frequencies

By using existing psychological word norms obtained by rating procedures we try to predict the frequencies of search hits derived from internet search engines. We used several major search engines and repeated measurement to develop a highly reliable scale of internet word frequency. We presumed that psychological criteria like typicality and valence of nouns predict the frequencies of search-operator-specific frequencies of internet search hits. Regression analysis confirmed this assumption indicating that the verbal content of the internet as interactive mass medium can be predicted by already existing and established psychological characteristics of words

Understanding the Internet as a Human Right

Around the world, fundamental human rights have undergone a dramatic conceptual shift as a result of the spread of the Internet. The right to freedom of expression, once largely limited to printing, has exploded in a digital world that provides users with an unprecedented megaphone to broadcast their views. The right to political participation and the right to free assembly have similarly been reborn in an age of instant communication, allowing activists to mobilise hundreds of thousands of followers with a single email, text or tweet. Although these are the most notable examples, the Internet has also had a transformative impact on several other recognised human rights, including the right to education, to healthcare and to work. The Internet’s role in the enabling and delivery of human rights has led some to claim that access to the Internet itself should be considered a human right, an idea that has deep implications for both international law and domestic legal frameworks. If, indeed, access to the Internet is a human right, it adds an additional dimension to regulatory issues, since overly restrictive laws that compromise access or damage the vitality or utility of the Internet become more than just bad policy. In some cases, they may constitute violations of international human rights standards. This Paper discusses the Internet’s recognition as a human right and the implications that spring from this recognition in domestic and international law

Understanding the Internet Digital Divide: An Exploratory Multi-Nation Individual-Level Analysis

As evidenced in the digital divide literature, various and diverse sets of indicators and analytical techniques have been applied that have contributed to different purposes. Some investigations try to measure the gap of digital divide, while others have attempted to explain its determinants. However, certain facets are yet to be addressed in the literature. This study uses an individual-level multi-nation approach to study both developed and developing nations with the aim of identifying factors of digital divide that separate the digitally deprived and the intense users of internet. This unique research examines the two extreme sides of the inequality—citizens with no access to the internet and frequent users of the internet. We empirically test conventional (e.g., age, education, and income) and novel (e.g., income perception, media channels, and religion) factors. We find some interesting significant results that are later outlined in the study

Understanding the Internet Pitchfork Mob: Internal Revolutionary Activity in Self-Regulated Online Communities

Research into organised online protest typically focuses on how digital activism empowers social movements. But what if an online community is rebelling against its platform owners? This study seeks to identify the trajectory of internally focused revolutionary activity in self-regulated online communities. Based on an analysis of three cases (Reddit, 2015; Mozilla, 2014, and Skyrim, 2015) it identifies six stages of revolution: incident, reaction, mobilization, action, negotiation, and a return to ‘normality’ with a new power equilibrium. For each stage, key events, relations between the community and platform managers, and the ways in which power is enacted through online means, are identified. This preliminary model for online community revolution offers potential for further work that has diagnostic, predictive and ameliorative value. Relations with online communities are of significant value in an era in which many platform-related business models are reliant on voluntary contributions of self-regulating online communities

Understanding the Internet of Things: A Conceptualisation of Business-to-Thing (B2T) Interactions

The Internet of Things is widely regarded as one of the most disruptive technologies as it integrates Internet-enabled physical objects into the networked society and makes these objects increasingly autonomous partners in digitised value chains. After transforming internal processes and enhancing efficiency, the Internet of Things yields the potential to transform traditional business-to-customer interactions in a way previously not thought of. Remote patient monitoring, predictive maintenance, and automatic car repair are only some innovative examples. This paper contributes to the conceptualisation of the emerging business relationships based on such empowered smart things by proposing a series of core and advanced business-to-thing (B2T) interaction patterns. The core patterns named C2T-Only, B2T-Only, Customer-Centred, Business-Centred, Thing-Centred, and All-In B2T classify alternative interactions between businesses, customers, and smart things, using the connected car as an ongoing case and Uber as an example to demonstrate how patters can be composed. The proposed patterns demonstrate the affordances of integrating smart things into the networked society and sensitise for the emergence of B2T interactions

PENGARUH KEMUDAHAN DAN MANFAAT E-FAKTUR TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DENGAN PEMAHAMAN INTERNET SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

This research was intended to know of ease of use of e – faktur and the usefulness of e – faktur to tax payers compliance with understanding the internet as a moderating variable in The South Makassar Primary Tax Office. The population in this study were taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama South Makassar, namely 83,501 taxpayers, while the sample of this study were 100 taxable entrepreneurs who registered using e-invoice at KPP  Pratama South Makassar. The data analysis technique used  descriptive statistical techniques and Multiple Linear Regression assisted  by SPSS 25.0. The results of the research showed that ease of use of e – faktur and the usefulness of e – faktur positively and significantly affect on the tax payers compliance. understanding the internet can not moderate the effect of ease of use of e – faktur and the usefulness of e – faktur on tax compliance

Adult Brain: Game of Metaphors for Understanding the Internet

With the increasing apogee of the digital world and Internet use by older people, one may wonder how adults understand these virtual spaces. The aim of this article is to see to what extent the Conceptual Theory of Metaphor and the Idealized Cognitive Models (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980) may help understand the meaning and structure of a website. In our research we analyze several web pages from the point of view of Cognitive Linguistics in order to know if the virtual world makes sense from different types of metaphors and cognitive domains. As linguists, we get two questions. The first one is whether we are able to understand the Internet, something abstract with which we are not born, and the way we surf websites, transferring meaning through conceptual metaphors from the real world we do know to this new online world. Throughout our analysis we can see what types of metaphors are activated in our mind when visiting a website and in which moment they transfer meaning from the real world. The second question is whether website domains (the addresses of web spaces) are conceptually comparable to the cognitive domains that are activated in our minds when we perceive any concept. This assumption can offer a great contribution to marketers and SEO experts since it offers a new vision on how to make a potential client think what companies want (what mental model must be activated) when reading the address of a website. In short, our brief analysis, which is part of a more thorough and extensive research, provides a theory on how online readers configure the meaning of websites through conceptual metaphors, and it also provides a new framework of study which examines how web domains should be established so that the reader is able to know the theme of the web with just reading its address.Con el creciente apogeo del mundo digital y el uso de internet por la gente mayor, uno se pregunta cómo comprendemos los adultos estos espacios virtuales. El objetivo de este artículo es ver en qué medida la Teoría de la Metáfora Conceptual y los Modelos Cognitivos Idealizados (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980) pueden ayudar a entender el significado y estructura de una web. En nuestra investigación analizamos varias páginas web desde el punto de vista de la Lingüística Cognitiva para saber si el mundo virtual toma sentido con metáforas y dominios cognitivos. Como lingüistas nos hacemos dos preguntas. La primera es si somos capaces de comprender internet, algo abstracto, y el modo en que navegamos por la red, transfiriendo significado del mundo real al mundo online a través de metáforas conceptuales. La segunda pregunta es si los dominios web (las direcciones de las páginas web) son conceptualmente comparables con los dominios cognitivos que se activan en nuestras mentes al percibir cualquier concepto. En resumen, nuestro breve análisis, que es parte de una investigación más extensa, aporta una teoría sobre cómo los lectores digitales configuran el significado de las páginas web a través de metáforas conceptuales, y también aporta un nuevo marco de estudio que examina cómo los dominios web deberían estar configurados para que el lector sepa cuál va a ser la temática de esa web

Understanding the internet banking adoption by Portuguese customers - a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and perceived risk application.

Trabalho de Projeto apresentado como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação, especialização em Gestão do Conhecimento e Inteligência de NegócioThe understanding of the main determinants of Internet banking adoption is important for banks and users. If banks understand users’ concerns, then they will be able to provide better services. In this investigation we developed a conceptual model that combined the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) with perceived risk in order to explain behaviour intention and usage behaviour of Internet banking. To test the conceptual model we collected data from Portugal (249 valid cases). We found that the model explained 60 percent of intention to use variance and 81 percent of usage variance. Our findings supported some relationships of UTAUT, as performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence, and also the role of risk as a stronger predictor of intention. To explain usage behaviour of Internet banking the most important factor was behavioural intention.A percepção dos factores que mais contribuem para a adopção do Internet banking é importante para os bancos e para os utilizadores. Se os bancos compreenderem as principais preocupações e opiniões dos utilizadores, então serão capazes de prestar melhores serviços aos seus clientes. Nesta investigação, foi desenvolvido um modelo conceptual que combina a teoria unificada da aceitação e uso de tecnologia (UTAUT) com o risco percebido, de forma a explicar e intenção e o uso do Internet banking. Para testar o modelo concetual, foram recolhidos dados em Portugal (249 casos válidos). Os resultados mostraram que o modelo explicava 60% da intenção e 81 % do uso. Foram suportadas algumas das relações do UTAUT, como a expectativa de desempenho, expectativa de esforço e a influência social, e também o papel do risco como o forte preditor da intenção. Para explicar o uso do Internet banking, o factor mais importante foi a intenção