Deliverable DJRA1.2. Solutions and protocols proposal for the network control, management and monitoring in a virtualized network context

This deliverable presents several research proposals for the FEDERICA network, in different subjects, such as monitoring, routing, signalling, resource discovery, and isolation. For each topic one or more possible solutions are elaborated, explaining the background, functioning and the implications of the proposed solutions.This deliverable goes further on the research aspects within FEDERICA. First of all the architecture of the control plane for the FEDERICA infrastructure will be defined. Several possibilities could be implemented, using the basic FEDERICA infrastructure as a starting point. The focus on this document is the intra-domain aspects of the control plane and their properties. Also some inter-domain aspects are addressed. The main objective of this deliverable is to lay great stress on creating and implementing the prototype/tool for the FEDERICA slice-oriented control system using the appropriate framework. This deliverable goes deeply into the definition of the containers between entities and their syntax, preparing this tool for the future implementation of any kind of algorithm related to the control plane, for both to apply UPB policies or to configure it by hand. We opt for an open solution despite the real time limitations that we could have (for instance, opening web services connexions or applying fast recovering mechanisms). The application being developed is the central element in the control plane, and additional features must be added to this application. This control plane, from the functionality point of view, is composed by several procedures that provide a reliable application and that include some mechanisms or algorithms to be able to discover and assign resources to the user. To achieve this, several topics must be researched in order to propose new protocols for the virtual infrastructure. The topics and necessary features covered in this document include resource discovery, resource allocation, signalling, routing, isolation and monitoring. All these topics must be researched in order to find a good solution for the FEDERICA network. Some of these algorithms have started to be analyzed and will be expanded in the next deliverable. Current standardization and existing solutions have been investigated in order to find a good solution for FEDERICA. Resource discovery is an important issue within the FEDERICA network, as manual resource discovery is no option, due to scalability requirement. Furthermore, no standardization exists, so knowledge must be obtained from related work. Ideally, the proposed solutions for these topics should not only be adequate specifically for this infrastructure, but could also be applied to other virtualized networks.Postprint (published version

Multi-technology router for mobile networks : layer 2 overlay network over private and public wireless links

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 201

Transparent metropolitan vehicular network - design and fast prototyping methodology

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 201

Virtualización de redes en la empresa

Las empresas disponen de distintos grupos de usuarios con necesidades específicas. Muchas de las diferencias entre ellos se traducen en requerimientos específicos de “networking”. Dentro de la misma empresa, estos requerimientos suelen ser tan diferentes, que los diferentes grupos deben ser tratados como clientes distintos por el departamento de TI. A medida que el número de grupos aumenta, mantenerlos separados y seguros es un gran desafío. El término virtualización es usado en varios contextos tales como virtualización de servidores, aplicaciones, dispositivos de almacenamiento e infraestructura de redes. La virtualización de redes delinea la virtualización de arquitecturas, tecnologías y técnicas correspondientes a la infraestructura de las mismas. La virtualización de redes en la empresa apunta a resolver situaciones que aseguren una óptima utilización de los recursos existentes, tales como Reducción de costos. Simplificación de tareas operativas, de administración y gerenciamiento. Alta disponibilidad Creación de nuevos modelos de negocios. Instalación de parques industriales con múltiples clientes. Organización de Datacenters virtualizados. En este sentido se debe proveer guías de diseño para las redes empresariales virtualizadas teniendo en cuenta las distintas tecnologías y los requerimientos de negocio a los cuales debe atender. Asimismo, un aspecto fundamental a considerar es la interacción con el Proveedor de Servicio de conectividad, a los efectos de garantizar tanto el Nivel de Servicio (especificado en mediante Niveles de Servicio – SLA, OLA) como el nivel de seguridad apropiado. A lo largo del presente documento se estudia el estado del arte de la virtualización de redes, realizando un desglose de las diferentes tecnologías utilizadas para su implementación. Tanto en las tecnologías tradicionales de “networking” como en las nuevas tendencias, se pude observar una mezcla bastante compleja, donde existen muchas opciones disponibles para el diseñador / implementador de redes virtualizadas. Uno de los objetivos que se cubre en este trabajo es intentar plantear escenarios concretos junto con las tecnologías y técnicas que se entienden las más apropiadas para resolverlos. En ese sentido se proveen como forma de resumen, tablas que pueden utilizarse como guías para poder resolver un escenario particular. Estas son utilizadas en el caso de estudio donde se aplican técnicas de virtualización de redes para resolver un escenario dado con ciertas restricciones

Software defined utility: A step towards a flexible, reliable and low-cost smart grid

The Smart Grid relies in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) but usually there is still a lack of integration in their deployment. They are designed as separated systems and managed that way too. In addition, the changes in the electric network are so complex and dependable on a very rigid hardware architecture. Based on the work done in the European project FINESCE, this paper presents the “Software Defined Utility “(SDU) concept, which advocates the migration of the utility infrastructure to software systems instead of relying on complex and rigid hardware based systems. This new approach provides a prospective view on the evolution of power systems that will benefit from software systems and high-speed data network infrastructures. More concretely, as a first SDU building block, the paper proposes a data storage and management system based on a hybrid cloud infrastructure to meet the storage requirements of electric utilities. In this regard, the following dimensions have been analysed: the most appropriate methodology to select where data resources should be allocated; security requirements and threads taking into account its deployment in a critical infrastructure like a Smart Grid

SDN-based traffic engineering in data centers, Interconnects, and Carrier Networks

Server virtualization and cloud computing have escalated the bandwidth and performance demands on the DCN (data center network). The main challenges in DCN are maximizing network utilization and ensuring fault tolerance to address multiple node-and-link failures. A multitenant and highly dynamic virtualized environment consists of a large number of endstations, leading to a very large number of flows that challenge the scalability of a solution to network throughput maximization. The challenges are scalability, in terms of address learning, forwarding decision convergence, and forwarding state size, as well as flexibility for offloading with VM migration. Geographically distributed data centers are inter-connected through service providers’ carrier network. Service providers offer wide-area network (WAN) connection such as private lines and MPLS circuits between edges of data centers. DC sides of network operators try to maximize the utilization of such defined overlay WAN connection i.e. data center interconnection (DCI), which applies to edges of DC networks. Service provider sides of network operators try to optimize the core of carrier network. Along with the increasing adoption of ROADM, OTN, and packet switching technologies, traditional two-layer IP/MPLS-over-WDM network has evolved into three-layer IP/MPLS-over-OTN-over-DWDM network and once defined overlay topology is now transitioning to dynamic topologies based on on-demand traffic demands. Network operations are thus divided into three physical sub-networks: DCN, overlay DCI, and multi-layer carrier network. Server virtualization, cloud computing and evolving multilayer carrier network challenge traffic engineering to maximize utilization on all physical subnetworks. The emerging software-defined networking (SDN) architecture moves path computation towards a centralized controller, which has global visibility. Carriers indicate a strong preference for SDN to be interoperable between multiple vendors in heterogeneous transport networks. SDN is a natural way to create a unified control plane across multiple administrative divisions. This thesis contributes SDN-based traffic engineering techniques for maximizing network utilization of DCN, DCI, and carrier network. The first part of the thesis focuses on DCN traffic engineering. Traditional forwarding mechanisms using a single path are not able to take advantages of available multiple physical paths. The state-of-the-art MPTCP (Multipath Transmission Control Protocol) solution uses multiple randomly selected paths, but cannot give total aggregated capacity. Moreover, it works as a TCP process, and so does not support other protocols like UDP. To address these issues, this thesis presents a solution using adaptive multipath routing in a Layer-2 network with static (capacity and latency) metrics, which adapts link and path failures. This solution provides innetwork aggregated path capacity to individual flows, as well as scalability and multitenancy, by separating end-station services from the provider’s network. The results demonstrate an improvement of 14% in the worst bisection bandwidth utilization, compared to the MPTCP with 5 sub-flows. The second part of the thesis focuses on DCI traffic engineering. The existing approaches to reservation services provide limited reservation capabilities, e.g. limited connections over links returned by the traceroute over traditional IP-based networks. Moreover, most existing approaches do not address fault tolerance in the event of node or link failures. To address these issues, this thesis presents ECMP-like multipath routing algorithm and forwarding assignment scheme that increase reservation acceptance rate compared to state-of-art reservation frameworks in the WAN-links between data centers, and such reservations can be configured with a limited number of static forwarding rules on switches. Our prototype provides the RESTful web service interface for link-fail event management and re-routes paths for all the affected reservations. In the final part of the thesis, we focused on multi-layer carrier network traffic engineering. New dynamic traffic trends in upper layers (e.g. IP routing) require dynamic configuration of the optical transport to re-direct the traffic, and this in turn requires an integration of multiple administrative control layers. When multiple bandwidth path requests come from different nodes in different layers, a distributed sequential computation cannot optimize the entire network. Most prior research has focused on the two-layer problem, and recent three-layer research studies are limited to the capacity dimensioning problem. In this thesis, we present an optimization model with MILP formulation for dynamic traffic in a three-layer network, especially taking into account the unique technological constraints of the distinct OTN layer. Our experimental results show how unit cost values of different layers affect network cost and parameters in the presence of multiple sets of traffic loads. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed heuristic approach

Дослідження архітектури побудови центрів обробки даних на базі технології SDN

Текстова частина дипломної роботи: 121 с., 37 рис., 23 джерела, 4 додатки. Актуальність роботи. Потрібність в динамічному розподілі ресурсів, постійне збільшення трафіку, викликане зростанням мобільного доступу, попитом на відеосервіси, використанням хмарних обчислень призводить до того, що сучасні дата-центри повинні комплексно міняти свою ресурсну базу. Дата-центри повинні мати можливість обробляти нестаціонарний обсяг трафіку і здійснювати великий обсяг паралельних транзакцій, вміти глибоко аналізувати дані, бути легко переконфігурованими під мінливі запити. За умови обмеженості ресурсів, ЦОД не можуть нескінченно розростатися. Рішення більшості цих проблем було знайдено в віртуалізації, а саме у використанні технології програмно-визначених мереж (SDN - Software-Defined Networking), що була розроблена спільно університетами Берклі і Стенфорда у 2005 році. Мета роботи провести дослідження архітектури побудови центрів обробки даних на базі технології програмно-визначених мереж (SDN), проаналізувати референсну архітектуру SDN та референсну архітектуру сучасних центрів обробки даних, яку пропонують різні компанії-виробники, запропонувати програмну реалізацію переадресації (маршрутизації) трафіку в мережі на базі технології SDN. Об’єкт дослідження програмно-визначені мережі. Предмет дослідження використання програмно-визначених мереж в центрах обробки даних. Методи дослідження. Для досягнення поставлених в дисертаційній роботі задач використано методи теорії інформації, теорії оптимального управління, системного аналізу, елементи теорії ієрархічних багаторівневих систем. Наукова новизна отриманих результатів. Проведено дослідження архітектури побудови центрів обробки даних на базі технології програмно-визначених мереж (SDN) та проаналізовано референсну архітектуру SDN та референсну архітектуру сучасних центрів обробки даних, яку пропонують різні компанії-виробники. Крім цього представлена програмна реалізація переадресації трафіку на базі технології SDN. Публікації. Роговий В.П. «Загрози безпеці у SDN середовищах», Науково-технічна конференція "Проблеми телекомунікацій": Матеріали конференції. К.: НТУУ "КПІ", 2018. – с. 146-148;The work contains 121 pages, 37 figures, 4 applications. 23 sources have been used. Work actuality. The need for a dynamic distribution of resources, a constant increase in traffic due to the growth of mobile access, demand for video services, the use of cloud computing leads to the fact that modern datacenters must complexly change its resource base. Data centers should be able to process nonstationary traffic and implement a large amount of parallel transactions, be able to deeply analyze data, be easily reconfigured for changing requests. Also data centers can not infinitely grow due to limited resources. The solution to most of these problems was found in virtualization, namely the use of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technology, developed jointly by the Berkeley and Stanford universities in 2005. The purpose of the work is to study the architecture of the building the data centers based on the technology of software-specific networks (SDN), to analyze the reference SDN architecture and the reference architecture of modern data centers that offers by various companies, to propose the software implementation of the redirection (forwarding) of traffic in the network based on SDN technology. Object of research - software-defined networks. Subject of research - using of software-defined networks in data centers. Research methods. To achieve the goals set in the dissertation methods of information theory, theory of optimal control, system analysis, elements of the theory of hierarchical multilevel systems were used. Scientific novelty of the obtained results. The study of the architecture of the building of data centers based on the technology of software-defined networks (SDN) was conducted, reference architecture of SDN and the reference architecture of modern data centers, which are offered by various manufacturers, were analyzed. In addition, the software implementation of traffic forwarding based on SDN technology was presented. Publications: Роговий В.П. «Загрози безпеці у SDN середовищах», Науково-технічна конференція "Проблеми телекомунікацій": Матеріали конференції. К.: НТУУ "КПІ", 2018. – p. 146-148

Mobile router : control plane

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores (Major de Telecomunicações). Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 200