Articulation in time : Some word-initial segments in Swedish

Speech is both dynamic and distinctive at the same time. This implies a certain contradiction which has entertained researchers in phonetics and phonology for decades. The present dissertation assumes that articulation behaves as a function of time, and that we can find phonological structures in the dynamical systems. EMA is used to measure mechanical movements in Swedish speakers. The results show that tonal context affects articulatory coordination. Acceleration seems to divide the movements of the jaw and lips into intervals of postures and active movements. These intervals are affected differently by the tonal context. Furthermore, a bilabial consonant is shorter if the next consonant is also made with the lips. A hypothesis of a correlation between acoustic segment duration and acceleration is presented. The dissertation highlights the importance of time for how speech ultimately sounds. Particularly significant is the combination of articulatory timing and articulatory duration

License to Supervise:Influence of Driving Automation on Driver Licensing

To use highly automated vehicles while a driver remains responsible for safe driving, places new – yet demanding, requirements on the human operator. This is because the automation creates a gap between drivers’ responsibility and the human capabilities to take responsibility, especially for unexpected or time-critical transitions of control. This gap is not being addressed by current practises of driver licensing. Based on literature review, this research collects drivers’ requirements to enable safe transitions in control attuned to human capabilities. This knowledge is intended to help system developers and authorities to identify the requirements on human operators to (re)take responsibility for safe driving after automation

Engineering data compendium. Human perception and performance. User's guide

The concept underlying the Engineering Data Compendium was the product of a research and development program (Integrated Perceptual Information for Designers project) aimed at facilitating the application of basic research findings in human performance to the design and military crew systems. The principal objective was to develop a workable strategy for: (1) identifying and distilling information of potential value to system design from the existing research literature, and (2) presenting this technical information in a way that would aid its accessibility, interpretability, and applicability by systems designers. The present four volumes of the Engineering Data Compendium represent the first implementation of this strategy. This is the first volume, the User's Guide, containing a description of the program and instructions for its use

Contributions to the 10th International Cycling Safety Conference 2022 (ICSC2022)

This publication contains all contributions (extended abstracts) to the 10th International Cycling Safety Conference, which was held in Dresden, Germany, Nov. 08-10, 2022

Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography, supplement 191

A bibliographical list of 182 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1979 is presented

Master of Science

thesisTraffic simulations, which attempt to describe how individual vehicles move on road segments in a network, rely on mathematical traffic flow models developed from empirical vehicle trajectory data (position, speed, acceleration, etc.). Many of these microscopic traffic flow models are described as car-following models, which assume that a driver will respond to the actions of the driver/s or vehicle/s located in front of them (stimulus-response behavior). Model calibration can be performed using regression and/or optimization techniques, but the process is often complicated by uncertainty and variation in human behavior, which can be described as driver heterogeneity. Driver heterogeneity is conceptually based on the idea that different drivers may have different reactions to the same stimuli (interdriver heterogeneity), and an individual driver may react differently to the same type of stimulus (intradriver heterogeneity). To capture interdriver heterogeneity, car-following model parameters must be estimated for each driver/vehicle in the dataset, which are then used to describe a probability distribution associated with those model parameters. Capturing intradriver heterogeneity requires going one step further, calculating those same model parameters over much smaller time periods (i.e., seconds, or fractions of sections) within one vehicle's trajectory. This significantly reduces the amount of data available for calibration, limiting the ability to use traditional calibration procedures

Temporo-Parietal Cortex and Attention Circuit Dysfunction as Endophenotype of Depression

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 06-04-2022La depresión supone uno de los problemas de salud mental de mayor incidencia en la población, generando grandes costes económicos, sociales y humanos para la sociedad, además de presentar una alta comorbilidad con otros desórdenes emocionales y una elevada tasa de mortalidad (Paykel et al., 2005). La naturaleza familiar del trastorno depresivo mayor ha sido confirmada a través de diversos estudios y se ha planteado como un trastorno parcialmente causado por componentes genéticos (Gershon, 1982; Odgerel et al., 2013; Sullivan et al., 2000) y sus interacciones con las condiciones ambientales (Disner et al., 2011; HEATH et al., 1999; Vázquez C. et al., 2010). Por ello, se ha considerado que personas con historia familiar de depresión tienen mayor posibilidad de presentar endofenotipos depresivos (Odgerel et al., 2013).En general, el trastorno depresivo mayor (en adelante MDD) es tratado como un desorden afectivo caracterizado por un procesamiento alterado de la información emocional. Por ello, las anormalidades en el funcionamiento cerebral subyacentes a estos procesos y asociadas a la historial familiar de MDD deberían ser buenos candidatos para la identificación de endofenotipos de depresión...Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorder which generates great social, economic and human costs. Beyond, it presents a high comorbidity with other affective disorders and a high mortality rate (Paykel, Brugha & Fryeres, 2005). The familiar nature of the major depressive disorder (onwards, MDD) has been highlighted by several studies, and therefore, MDD has been conceptualized as a disorder originated by genetic components (Gershon et al., 1982; Sullivan, Neale & Kendler, 2000; Talati, Weissman & Hamilton, 2013) and its interaction with environmental factors (Bierut et al., 1999, Vázquez C. et al., 2010, Disner et al-. 2011). Therefore, individuals with a family history of depression (onwards, FH) are considered to manifest more likely depressive endophenotypes (Tatali et al., 2013).In general, MDD is considered as an affective disorder characterized by an altered emotional processing. Therefore, the abnormalities in the brain functioning underlying these processes associated to the FH status should represent reliable candidates for endophenotypes of depression...Fac. de PsicologíaTRUEunpu