A New Metagrammar Compiler

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. internationale.International audienceThis paper describes a compiler that allows to generate a wide set of TAG elementary trees associated with feature structures. The initial information is encoded in an inheritance network. This tool is an enhancement of M.-H. Candito's compiler (Candito 99)

XMG : eXtensible MetaGrammar

International audienceIn this article, we introduce eXtensible MetaGrammar (xmg), a framework for specifying tree-based grammars such as Feature-Based Lexicalised Tree-Adjoining Grammars (FB-LTAG) and Interaction Grammars (IG). We argue that xmg displays three features which facilitate both grammar writing and a fast prototyping of tree-based grammars. Firstly, \xmg\ is fully declarative. For instance, it permits a declarative treatment of diathesis that markedly departs from the procedural lexical rules often used to specify tree-based grammars. Secondly, the \xmg\ language has a high notational expressivity in that it supports multiple linguistic dimensions, inheritance and a sophisticated treatment of identifiers. Thirdly, xmg is extensible in that its computational architecture facilitates the extension to other linguistic formalisms. We explain how this architecture naturally supports the design of three linguistic formalisms namely, FB-LTAG, IG, and Multi-Component Tree-Adjoining Grammar (MC-TAG). We further show how it permits a straightforward integration of additional mechanisms such as linguistic and formal principles. To further illustrate the declarativity, notational expressivity and extensibility of \xmg , we describe the methodology used to specify an FB-LTAG for French augmented with a unification-based compositional semantics. This illustrates both how xmg facilitates the modelling of the tree fragment hierarchies required to specify tree-based grammars and of a syntax/semantics interface between semantic representations and syntactic trees. Finally, we briefly report on several grammars for French, English and German that were implemented using \xmg\ and compare \xmg\ to other existing grammar specification frameworks for tree-based grammars

The very model of a modern linguist — in honor of Helge Dyvik

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Construction of a formal grammar of Serbian using a metagrammar

Ovaj rad predstavlja proces izrade osnova FBLTAG gramatike srpskog jezika, a zatim i proces izrade njene metagramatike, čija primena na osnovne modele rečenica u srpskom jeziku omogućava njihovu automatsku sintaksičku analizu. Prvo pogavlje rada daje uvod u polje obrade prirodnih jezika, navodeći istorijat discipline i njene podgrane. Veća pažnja posvećuje se automatskoj obradi srpskog jezika, gde se daje pregled dosad ostvarenih rezultata, počevši od analize fonetike i fonologije, pa sve do analize sintakse. Za svaku od navedenih sfera navode se i konkretni alati i resursi koji su dosad razvijeni za srpski jezik. Drugo poglavlje donosi pregled pojma formalna gramatika, da bi se zatim usmerilo na oblast unifikacionih gramatika kao modela koji čini okvir ovog rada. U nastavku se detaljno iznosi struktura unifikacione gramatike koja će u nastavku rada biti primenjena na srpski jezik ‒ FBLTAG. U drugom delu poglavlja uvodi se pojam metagramatike, kao i konkretne metagramatike koja se u ovom radu koristi za sažeto predstavljanje gramatike FBLTAG ‒ XMG. XMG se obrađuje detaljno, pri čemu se opisuje njegova struktura, namena i princip funkcionisanja, kao i perspektive za primenu na srpski jezik...This paper presents the process of creating the basis of FBLTAG grammar of the Serbian language, followed by the process of building its metagrammar, whose application on basic sentence models of Serbian allows for their automatic syntactic analysis. The first chapter of the thesis gives an introduction to the field of natural language processing by outlining the history of the discipline and its subfields. The chapter focuses on automatic processing of the Serbian language, providing an overview of the results achieved so far, spanning from the analysis of phonetics and phonology to parsing. Tools and resources that have been developed for the Serbian language are listed for each of the stated fields. The second chapter offers an overview of the concept of formal grammar, only to focus on the area of unification grammars as a framework for the thesis. The structure of the unification grammar that will later be applied to Serbian ‒ FBLTAG ‒ is presented in detail. The second part of the chapter introduces the concept of metagrammar, as well as the specific metagrammar ‒ XMG ‒ used in the thesis in order to describe FBLTAG in an abstract way. XMG is presented in detail, through describing its structure, purpose and its principles, as well as prospects for its use on the Serbian language..