1,410 research outputs found
Dielectric mixtures -- electrical properties and modeling
In this paper, a review on dielectric mixtures and the importance of the
numerical simulations of dielectric mixtures are presented. It stresses on the
interfacial polarization observed in mixtures. It is shown that this
polarization can yield different dielectric responses depending on the
properties of the constituents and their concentrations. Open question on the
subject are also introduced.Comment: 40 pages 12 figures, to be appear in IEEE Trans. on Dielectric
Fundamental limits to optical response in absorptive systems
At visible and infrared frequencies, metals show tantalizing promise for
strong subwavelength resonances, but material loss typically dampens the
response. We derive fundamental limits to the optical response of absorptive
systems, bounding the largest enhancements possible given intrinsic material
losses. Through basic conservation-of-energy principles, we derive
geometry-independent limits to per-volume absorption and scattering rates, and
to local-density-of-states enhancements that represent the power radiated or
expended by a dipole near a material body. We provide examples of structures
that approach our absorption and scattering limits at any frequency, by
contrast, we find that common "antenna" structures fall far short of our
radiative LDOS bounds, suggesting the possibility for significant further
improvement. Underlying the limits is a simple metric, for a material with susceptibility , that enables
broad technological evaluation of lossy materials across optical frequencies.Comment: 21 pages and 6 figures (excluding appendices, references
Effective permittivity of random plasmonic composites
An effective-medium theory (EMT) is developed to predict the effective
permittivity \epsilon_eff of dense random dispersions of high
optical-conductivity metals such as Ag, Au and Cu. Dependence of \epsilon_eff
on the volume fraction \phi, a microstructure parameter \kappa related to the
static structure factor and particle radius a is studied. In the electrostatic
limit, the upper and lower bounds of \kappa correspond to Maxwell-Garnett and
Bruggeman EMTs respectively. Finite size effects are significant when
|\beta^2(ka/n)^3| becomes O(1) where \beta, k, and n denote the nanoparticle
polarizability, wavenumber and matrix refractive index respectively. The
coupling between the particle and effective medium results in a red-shift in
the resonance peak, a non-linear dependence of \epsilon_eff on \phi, and Fano
resonance in \epsilon_eff.Comment: Manuscript submitted to J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 33 page
Design of an All-dielectric Sublayer for Enhanced Transmittance In Stacked Antenna Array Applications
In spatially constrained applications, the overlapping of antenna arrays can be unavoidable and its presence can lead to a blockage in the line-of-sight for the underlying antennas. Although previous investigations focused predominantly on the contribution of the ground plane and feed network-which were resolved through the use of frequency selective surfaces and proper feed network design, respectively-it is believed that the ground plane, substrate, and patch regions can emplace a substantial combined impedance. To rectify the transmission through these layers, an all-dielectric implementation is suggested based on the properties of complementary media and Fabry-Perot resonance shifting phenomena. Consequently, both spherical inclusion based dielectric metamaterials and regular dielectrics are suggested, such that additional conductive losses are avoided and surface wave coupling becomes less plausible; while making possible both negative and positive refractive indices. The transfer matrix method and effective medium theory are jointly implemented to examine the required properties of the dielectric or metamaterial sublayer on the basis of providing a transmittance on the order of a known high transmittance analog. Mie theory provides the basis behind the effective properties of the spherical inclusion based metamaterial whereby the required dimensions and permittivity can be determined by a sequential quadratic programming optimization in MATLAB. It is found that the metamaterial emplaces constraints on fabrication which are not currently feasible. Therefore, the equally practicable positive refractive index solutions in a regular dielectric are proposed as the most viable alternative and utilized to determine a functional bandwidth
Frequency range and explicit expressions for negative permittivity and permeability for an isotropic medium formed by a lattice of perfectly conducting particles
An analytical model is presented for a rectangular lattice of isotropic
scatterers with electric and magnetic resonances. Each isotropic scatterer is
formed by putting appropriately 6 -shaped perfectly conducting
particles on the faces of a cubic unit cell. A self-consistent dispersion
equation is derived and then used to calculate correctly the effective
permittivity and permeability in the frequency band where the lattice can be
homogenized. The frequency range in which both the effective permittivity and
permeability are negative corresponds to the mini-band of backward waves within
the resonant band of the individual isotropic scatterer.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figure
Anomalies in Light Scattering
Scattering of electromagnetic waves lies at the heart of most experimental
techniques over nearly the entire electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from radio
waves to optics and X-rays. Hence, deep insight into the basics of scattering
theory and understanding the peculiar features of electromagnetic scattering is
necessary for the correct interpretation of experimental data and an
understanding of the underlying physics. Recently, a broad spectrum of
exceptional scattering phenomena attainable in suitably engineered structures
has been predicted and demonstrated. Examples include bound states in the
continuum, exceptional points in PT-symmetrical non-Hermitian systems, coherent
perfect absorption, virtual perfect absorption, nontrivial lasing,
non-radiating sources, and others. In this paper, we establish a unified
description of such exotic scattering phenomena and show that the origin of all
these effects can be traced back to the properties of poles and zeros of the
underlying scattering matrix. We provide insights on how managing these special
points in the complex frequency plane provides a powerful approach to tailor
unusual scattering regimes
Resonance meets homogenization - Construction of meta-materials with astonishing properties
Meta-materials are assemblies of small components. Even though the
single component consists of ordinary materials, the meta-material may
behave effectively in a way that is not known from ordinary materials. In
this text, we discuss some meta-materials that exhibit unusual properties
in the propagation of sound or light. The phenomena are based on
resonance effects in the small components. The small (sub-wavelength)
components can be resonant to the wave-length of an external field if
they incorporate singular features such as a high contrast or a singular
geometry. Homogenization theory allows to derive effective equations for
the macroscopic description of the meta-material and to verify its unusual
properties. We discuss three examples: Sound-absorbing materials,
optical materials with a negative index of refraction, perfect transmission
through grated metals
Homogenization principles and effect of mixing on dielectric behavior
This paper consists of two parts. First, a review of classical mixing principles lists the multitude of the various ways to characterize the effective permittivity of heterogeneous materials. Different connections between the various mixing formulas are underlined and the homogenization principles are classified into families of mixing rules. The second part emphasizes and analyzes the richness of the manner how the mixing process is able to create new types of dielectric behaviors, in particular with respect to enhancement of dielectric polarization, shifts of the dispersion parameters, and emergence of new effects in electrical response.Non Peer reviewe
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