Research on heteregeneous data for recognizing threat

The information increasingly large of volume dataset and multidimensional data has grown rapidly in recent years. Inter-related and update information from security communities or vendor network security has present of content vulnerability and patching bug from new attack (pattern) methods. It given a collection of datasets, we were asked to examine a sample of such data and look for pattern which may exist between certain pattern methods over time. There are several challenges, including handling dynamic data, sparse data, incomplete data, uncertain data, and semistructured/unstructured data. In this paper, we are addressing these challenges and using data mining approach to collecting scattered information in routine update regularly from provider or security community

A Survey on Forensics and Compliance Auditing for Critical Infrastructure Protection

The broadening dependency and reliance that modern societies have on essential services provided by Critical Infrastructures is increasing the relevance of their trustworthiness. However, Critical Infrastructures are attractive targets for cyberattacks, due to the potential for considerable impact, not just at the economic level but also in terms of physical damage and even loss of human life. Complementing traditional security mechanisms, forensics and compliance audit processes play an important role in ensuring Critical Infrastructure trustworthiness. Compliance auditing contributes to checking if security measures are in place and compliant with standards and internal policies. Forensics assist the investigation of past security incidents. Since these two areas significantly overlap, in terms of data sources, tools and techniques, they can be merged into unified Forensics and Compliance Auditing (FCA) frameworks. In this paper, we survey the latest developments, methodologies, challenges, and solutions addressing forensics and compliance auditing in the scope of Critical Infrastructure Protection. This survey focuses on relevant contributions, capable of tackling the requirements imposed by massively distributed and complex Industrial Automation and Control Systems, in terms of handling large volumes of heterogeneous data (that can be noisy, ambiguous, and redundant) for analytic purposes, with adequate performance and reliability. The achieved results produced a taxonomy in the field of FCA whose key categories denote the relevant topics in the literature. Also, the collected knowledge resulted in the establishment of a reference FCA architecture, proposed as a generic template for a converged platform. These results are intended to guide future research on forensics and compliance auditing for Critical Infrastructure Protection.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

EUSN 2021 Book of Abstracts, Fifth European Conference on Social Networks

Book of abstract of the fifth European conference on Social Networks EUSN 202

Other Side of This Life : Death, Value, and Social Being in Thomas Pynchon's Fiction

This dissertation analyzes the interrelationship between death, the conditions of (wo)man s social being, and the notion of value as it emerges in the fiction of the American novelist Thomas Pynchon (1937 ). Pynchon s present work includes six novels V. (1963), The Crying of Lot 49 (1966), Gravity s Rainbow (1973), Vineland (1990), Mason & Dixon (1997), Against the Day (2006) and several short stories. Death constitues a central thematic in Pynchon s work, and it emerges through recurrent questions of mortality, suicide, mass destruction, sacrifice, afterlife, entropy, the relationship between the animate and the inanimate, and the limits of representation. In Pynchon, death is never a mere biological given (or event); it is always determined within a certain historical, cultural, and ideological context. Throughout his work, Pynchon questions the strict ontological separation of life and death by showing the relationship between this separation and social power. Conceptual divisions also reflect the relationship between society and its others, and death becomes that through which lines of social demarcation are articulated. Determined as a conceptual and social "other side", death in Pynchon forms a challenge to modern culture, and makes an unexpected return: the dead return to haunt the living, the inanimate and the animate fuse, and technoscientific attempts at overcoming and controlling death result in its re-emergence in mass destruction and ecological damage. The questioning of the ontological line also affects the structuration of Pynchon's prose, where the recurrent narrated and narrative desire to reach the limits of representation is openly associated with death. Textualized, death appears in Pynchon's writing as a sudden rupture within the textual functioning, when the "other side", that is, the bare materiality of the signifier is foregrounded. In this study, Pynchon s cultural criticism and his poetics come together, and I analyze the subversive role of death in his fiction through Jean Baudrillard s genealogy of the modern notion of death from L échange symbolique et la mort (1976). Baudrillard sees an intrinsic bond between the social repression of death in modernity and the emergence of modern political economy, and in his analysis economy and language appear as parallel systems for generating value (exchange value/ sign-value). For Baudrillard, the modern notion of death as negativity in relation to the positivity of life, and the fact that death cannot be given a proper meaning, betray an antagonistic relation between death and the notion of value. As a mode of negativity (that is, non-value), death becomes a moment of rupture in relation to value-based thinking in short, rationalism. Through this rupture emerges a form of thinking Baudrillard labels the symbolic, characterized by ambivalence and the subversion of conceptual opposites.Väitöskirjan aiheeena on kuoleman rooli amerikkalaisen kirjailijan Thomas Pynchonin (1937 ) tuotannon kulttuurikritiikissä ja poetiikassa. Pynchonin tuotanto on poikkeuksellinen amerikkalaisessa kirjallisuudessa ja hänet on pääteoksensa Gravity s Rainbow (1973) ilmestymisen jälkeen yleisesti luettu romaanimuodon suurten uudistajien joukkoon. Kuolema on keskeinen aihe Pynchonin tuotannossa, jossa toistuvat kuolinkohtaukset, apokalyptiset visiot ja kuolevaisuuden yleinen pohdinta, ja tästä syystä Pynchon onkin usein nähty pessimistisenä kirjailijana. Kuitenkin pyrin väitöskirjassani osoittamaan, että kuolemalle on Pynchonin tuotannossa aina ominaista tietty käännettävyys, ambivalenssi: elollisen ja elottoman välinen raja hämärtyy, kuolleet palaavat elävien keskuuteen ja teknis-tieteelliset pyrkimykset kontrolloida ja ylittää kuolema johtavat ympäristö- ja joukkotuhoihin. Niinpä kuolema ei koskaan ole pelkästään yksilöä koskeva biologinen fakta, vaan se määrittyy aina tietystä historiallisesta ja yhteiskunnallisesta kontekstista käsin. Kuoleman kautta Pynchon kuvaa yksilöiden ja kulttuurin suhdetta aikaan, historiaan, kieleen, toiseuteen ja valtaan. Elämän ja kuoleman välisestä rajalinjasta tulee Pynchonilla myös sosiaalisten rajanvetojen kuva, kun erilaiset marginaaliryhmät rinnastuvat kuolleisiin ja päinvastoin, kun kuolleet asuttavat järjestäytyneen yhteiskunnan tai virallisen historiankirjoituksen "toista puolta". Sama ambivalenssi suhteessa elollisen ja elottoman väliseen käsitteelliseen kahtiajakoon ilmenee myös tekstuaalisella tasolla. Pynchonin poetiikkaa luonnehtii toistuvasti tekstin silmiinpistävä materiaalisuus, kun sanat ja kielelliset merkit ajoittain kadottavat merkitysfunktionsa. Tämä tapahtuu joko loputtoman toiston kautta tai silloin kun tekstin kyky representoida olennaisesti heikkenee tai kyseenalaistuu. Tällöin kuolemasta tulee, usein vieläpä hyvinkin kirjaimellisesti, representaation raja. Kuoleman "käänteentekevää" roolia Pynchonin tuotannossa käsitellään myös Jean Baudrillardin teoksen Échange symbolique et la mort (1976) valossa. Teos on analyysi länsimaisen modernin ajan kuolemakäsityksen historiallisesta ja yhteiskunnallisesta kontekstista. Modernin ajan suhde kuolemaan perustuu Baudrillardin mukaan kuoleman kieltämiseen ja kuolleiden katoamiseen sosiaalisesta elämästä, mikä johtuu siitä, että elämä on muuttunut absoluuttiseksi arvoksi, johon kohdistuu tarkka yhteiskunnallinen kontrolli. Baudrillardin kuolema-analyysissä keskeistä on kuoleman suhde arvon käsitteeseen, joka liittää toisiinsa rationalismin, taloustieteen, sosiologian ja semiologian. Kuoleman määrittyminen ainoastaan negaationa suhteessa elämään, kuoleman sosiaalinen torjunta sekä se, että kuolema pakenee merkityksellistämistä kertovat käsitteellisellä tasolla kaikki kuoleman ja arvon välisestä antagonistisesta suhteesta. Tällä suhteella on myös yhteiskunnallinen merkitys: jatkuvan kasvun ja tuotannon kulttuurissa kuolemasta tulee torjuttu toinen, joka kuitenkin palaa aina takaisin, usein ennalta arvaamattomalla tavalla

Natural History and Phytogeography of the Loess Hills and Ravines, Lower Mississippi Embayment.

Although located near the middle of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, the hardwood forests of the Loess Hills of the Lower Mississippi Embayment have never been thoroughly studied or satisfactorily described in the literature. This dissertation is a case study of the biogeographic variation in the species composition and structure of the mature ravine hardwood forests within the southern section of the Loess Hills, from Warren County, Mississippi, south to East Baton Rouge and Vermilion Parishes, Louisiana, as affected by latitude, physiography, edaphic conditions, and disturbance. A parallel goal is, on the basis of the current biogeographic conditions and successional dynamics, to make a reconstructive assessment of the original forests. The empirical findings of the study suggest that the effects imposed on the vegetation by the combined action of the different biogeographic factors are intricately interrelated, resulting in the complex, synergistic effect. A very strong impact on the species composition, structure, and even the biogeographic variation is caused by the anthropogenic disturbance. During the Holocene, the forests of the Loess Hills evolved in the conditions of the persistent and growing anthropogenic pressure. This trend culminated during the 19th and 20th centuries when the landscape of the Loess Hills became strongly modified the agricultural exploitation and industrial timbering. The anthropogenic disturbance appears to have influenced selectively different groups of species depending on latitude and depth of the loess mantle. It also seems to have caused an expansion of the understory and subcanopy species which may have played a lesser role in the original forests. This study may contribute to the better understanding of the biogeographic variation and successional dynamics of the Coastal Plain forests in general and the Loess Hills forests in particular, as well as to the conservation and restoration of the latter

A comparison of the CAR and DAGAR spatial random effects models with an application to diabetics rate estimation in Belgium

When hierarchically modelling an epidemiological phenomenon on a finite collection of sites in space, one must always take a latent spatial effect into account in order to capture the correlation structure that links the phenomenon to the territory. In this work, we compare two autoregressive spatial models that can be used for this purpose: the classical CAR model and the more recent DAGAR model. Differently from the former, the latter has a desirable property: its ρ parameter can be naturally interpreted as the average neighbor pair correlation and, in addition, this parameter can be directly estimated when the effect is modelled using a DAGAR rather than a CAR structure. As an application, we model the diabetics rate in Belgium in 2014 and show the adequacy of these models in predicting the response variable when no covariates are available

A Statistical Approach to the Alignment of fMRI Data

Multi-subject functional Magnetic Resonance Image studies are critical. The anatomical and functional structure varies across subjects, so the image alignment is necessary. We define a probabilistic model to describe functional alignment. Imposing a prior distribution, as the matrix Fisher Von Mises distribution, of the orthogonal transformation parameter, the anatomical information is embedded in the estimation of the parameters, i.e., penalizing the combination of spatially distant voxels. Real applications show an improvement in the classification and interpretability of the results compared to various functional alignment methods