Мониторинг вычислительных процессов

В данной работе рассматривается формальная модель мониторинга вычислительных процессов. Приводятся достаточные условия полноты языка, получающегося при отображении траекторий вычислительного процесса в слова некоторого конечного алфавита, а также другие результаты, связанные с задачей анализа вычислительного процесса на основе наблюдаемой динамики монитора

Lynn Margulis : discurs llegit a la cerimònia d'investidura celebrada a la sala d'actes del Rectorat el dia 6 de juny de 2007

La professora Lynn Margulis es va doctorar al Departament de Genètica a la Universitat de Califòrnia, Berkeley (1960-63). Durant els anys seixanta va demostrar una extraordinària capacitat de síntesi al reunir centenars d'experiments i hipòtesis disperses per formular d'una manera coherent la teoria de l' endosimbiosi, per explicar l'origen de la cèl·lula eucariòtica. En la dècada dels anys setanta va viatjar incansablement per defensar l'esmentada teoria, actualment acceptada i que constitueix una de les bases més importants de la moderna biologia cel·lular.Especialment interessant ha estat la intensa col·laboració científica que ha mantingut amb el professor James E. Lovelock, autor de la hipòtesi Gaia, i que considera la Terra com un supraorganisme capaç d'autoregular-se. Aquesta col·laboració la va portar a interessar-se per altres temes com l'Ecologia global o l'evolució dels primers microorganismes. La seva tasca científica ha quedat reflectida en els seus llibres i en un gran nombre de publicacions amb importants contribucions a la biologia cel·lular i a l'evolució microbiana. Pel que fa a la tasca docent, ha estat professora en les universitats de Boston i Masschussets Amherst, a més de professora visitant d'universitats de tot el món. Lynn Margulis ha rebut nombrosos premis i distincions al llarg de la seva carrera i forma part de diversos comitès científics internacionals . És membre de la Acadèmia Nacional de Ciències dels EUA des de 1983 i de l'Acadèmia Russa de Ciències Naturals. Actualment, Lynn Margulis és professora distingida del Departament de Geociències de la Universitat de Massachussets Amherst.Nomenament 01/02/2007. A proposta de Facultat de Biociències. Investidura 06/06/2007. Padrina: Isabel Esteve Martíne

ACOTES project: Advanced compiler technologies for embedded streaming

Streaming applications are built of data-driven, computational components, consuming and producing unbounded data streams. Streaming oriented systems have become dominant in a wide range of domains, including embedded applications and DSPs. However, programming efficiently for streaming architectures is a challenging task, having to carefully partition the computation and map it to processes in a way that best matches the underlying streaming architecture, taking into account the distributed resources (memory, processing, real-time requirements) and communication overheads (processing and delay). These challenges have led to a number of suggested solutions, whose goal is to improve the programmer’s productivity in developing applications that process massive streams of data on programmable, parallel embedded architectures. StreamIt is one such example. Another more recent approach is that developed by the ACOTES project (Advanced Compiler Technologies for Embedded Streaming). The ACOTES approach for streaming applications consists of compiler-assisted mapping of streaming tasks to highly parallel systems in order to maximize cost-effectiveness, both in terms of energy and in terms of design effort. The analysis and transformation techniques automate large parts of the partitioning and mapping process, based on the properties of the application domain, on the quantitative information about the target systems, and on programmer directives. This paper presents the outcomes of the ACOTES project, a 3-year collaborative work of industrial (NXP, ST, IBM, Silicon Hive, NOKIA) and academic (UPC, INRIA, MINES ParisTech) partners, and advocates the use of Advanced Compiler Technologies that we developed to support Embedded Streaming.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Communications semantics for WSBPEL Processes

ISBN : 978-0-7695-3310-0International audienceWSBPEL opens up the possibility of applying a range of formal techniques to the verification of Web service behaviors from two points of view: constraints between activities within the same process and dependencies between activities of different processes. In a previous work, we have described an approach for the verification of Web service compositions defined by a set of BPEL processes. The key aspect of such a verification task is the model adopted for representing the communications among the services participating to the composition. In this paper, we propose to extend this approach to handle dependencies between activities of different process orchestrations through message exchanges. Our aim is to enable supporting models of service choreography with multiple interacting Web services compositions, from the perspective of a collaborative distributed composition development environment. The process of behavior analysis moves from a single local process to that of modelling and analyzing the behavior of multiple processes across composition domains

Dual-level segmentation method for feature extraction enhancement strategy in speech emotion recognition

The speech segmentation approach could be one of the significant factors contributing to a Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) system's overall performance. An utterance may contain more than one perceived emotion, the boundaries between the changes of emotion in an utterance are challenging to determine. Speech segmented through the conventional fixed window did not correspond to the signal changes, due to the random segment point, an arbitrary segmented frame is produced, the segment boundary might be within the sentence or in-between emotional changes. This study introduced an improvement of segment-based segmentation on a fixed-window Relative Time Interval (RTI) by using Signal Change (SC) segmentation approach to discover the signal boundary concerning the signal transition. A segment-based feature extraction enhancement strategy using a dual-level segmentation method was proposed: RTI-SC segmentation utilizing the conventional approach. Instead of segmenting the whole utterance at the relative time interval, this study implements peak analysis to obtain segment boundaries defined by the maximum peak value within each temporary RTI segment. In peak selection, over-segmentation might occur due to connections with the input signal, impacting the boundary selection decision. Two approaches in finding the maximum peaks were implemented, firstly; peak selection by distance allocation, and secondly; peak selection by Maximum function. The substitution of the temporary RTI segment with the segment concerning signal change was intended to capture better high-level statistical-based features within the signal transition. The signal's prosodic, spectral, and wavelet properties were integrated to structure a fine feature set based on the proposed method. 36 low-level descriptors and 12 statistical features and their derivative were extracted on each segment resulted in a fixed vector dimension. Correlation-based Feature Subset Selection (CFS) with the Best First search method was applied for dimensionality reduction before Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) was implemented for classification. The performance of the feature fusion constructed from the proposed method was evaluated through speaker-dependent and speaker-independent tests on EMO-DB and RAVDESS databases. The result indicated that the prosodic and spectral feature derived from the dual-level segmentation method offered a higher recognition rate for most speaker-independent tasks with a significant improvement of the overall accuracy of 82.2% (150 features), the highest accuracy among other segmentation approaches used in this study. The proposed method outperformed the baseline approach in a single emotion assessment in both full dimensions and an optimized set. The highest accuracy for every emotion was mostly contributed by the proposed method. Using the EMO-DB database, accuracy was enhanced, specifically, happy (67.6%), anger (89%), fear (85.5%), disgust (79.3%), while neutral and sadness emotion obtained a similar accuracy with the baseline method (91%) and (93.5%) respectively. A 100% accuracy for boredom emotion (female speaker) was observed in the speaker-dependent test, the highest single emotion classified, reported in this study

Web Service Mining and Verification of Properties: An approach based on Event Calculus

http://www.springerlink.com/Web services are becoming more and more complex, involving numerous interacting business objects within complex distributed processes. In order to fully explore Web service business opportunities, while ensuring a correct and reliable execution, analyzing and tracking Web services interactions will enable them to be well understood and controlled. The work described in this paper is a contribution to these issues for Web services based process applications. This article describes a novel way of applying process mining techniques to Web services logs in order to enable ''Web service intelligence''. Our work attempts to apply Web service log-based analysis and process mining techniques in order to provide semantical knowledge about the context of and the reasons for discrepancies between process models and related instances

WS-Pro: a Petri net based performance-driven service composition framework

As an emerging area gaining prevalence in the industry, Web Services was established to satisfy the needs for better flexibility and higher reliability in web applications. However, due to the lack of reliable frameworks and difficulties in constructing versatile service composition platform, web developers encountered major obstacles in large-scale deployment of web services. Meanwhile, performance has been one of the major concerns and a largely unexplored area in Web Services research. There is high demand for researchers to conceive and develop feasible solutions to design, monitor, and deploy web service systems that can adapt to failures, especially performance failures. Though many techniques have been proposed to solve this problem, none of them offers a comprehensive solution to overcome the difficulties that challenge practitioners. Central to the performance-engineering studies, performance analysis and performance adaptation are of paramount importance to the success of a software project. The industry learned through many hard lessons the significance of well-founded and well-executed performance engineering plans. An important fact is that it is too expensive to tackle performance evaluation, mostly through performance testing, after the software is developed. This is especially true in recent decades when software complexity has risen sharply. After the system is deployed, performance adaptation is essential to maintaining and improving software system reliability. Performance adaptation provides techniques to mitigate the consequence of performance failures and therefore is an important research issue. Performance adaptation is particularly meaningful for mission-critical software systems and software systems with inevitable frequent performance failures, such as Web Services. This dissertation focuses on Web Services framework and proposes a performance-driven service composition scheme, called WS-Pro, to support both performance analysis and performance adaptation. A formalism of transformation from WS-BPEL to Petri net is first defined to enable the analysis of system properties and facilitate quality prediction. A state-transition based proof is presented to show that the transformed Petri net model correctly simulates the behavior of the WS-BPEL process. The generated Petri net model was augmented using performance data supplied by both historical data and runtime data. Results of executing the Petri nets suggest that optimal composition plans can be achieved based on the proposed method. The performance of service composition procedure is an important research issue which has not been sufficiently treated by researchers. However, such an issue is critical for dynamic service composition, where re-planning must be done in a timely manner. In order to improve the performance of service composition procedure and enhance performance adaptation, this dissertation presents an algorithm to remove loops in the reachability graphs so that a large portion of the computation time of service composition can be moved to a pre-processing unit; hence the response time is shortened during runtime. We also extended the WS-Pro to the ubiquitous computing area to improve fault-tolerance