Particulate Suspension Blood Flow through a Stenosed Catheterized Artery

The flow of blood through a narrow catheterized artery with an overlapping stenosis has been investigated. To account for the presence of red cells, blood has been represented by a macroscopic two-phase model (i.e., a suspension of erythrocytes in plasma). The expression for the flow characteristics-the flow rate, the impedance (resistance to flow), the wall shear stress in the stenotic region, the shear stresses at the stenosis two throats and at critical height of the stenosis, has been derived. It is found that the impedance increases with the catheter size, with the hematocrit and also with the stenosis size (height and length). A significant increase in the magnitude of the impedance and other flow characteristics occur even for a small increase in the catheter size. Variations in the magnitude of all the flow characteristics are observed to be similar in nature with respect to any parameter given

Effects of Hematocrit on Impedance and Shear Stress during Stenosed Artery Catheterization

The flow of blood through a stenosed catheterized artery has been studied. To observe the effects of hematocrit, blood has been represented by a two-phase macroscopic model (i.e., a suspension of red cells in plasma). It is found that for any given catheter size, the impedance increases with hematocrit and also for a given hematocrit, the same increases with the catheter size. In the stenotic region, the wall shear stress increases in the upstream of the stenosis throat and decreases in the downstream in an uncatheterized artery but the same possesses an opposite character in the case of a catheterized artery. The shear stress at the stenosis throat possesses the character similar to the flow resistance (impedance) with respect to the hematocrit for a given catheter size, however, the same decreases with an increase in the size of the catheter for any given hematocrit

Magneto Hydro Dynamic two fluid flow of blood through stenosed artery

When blood flow through artery, the two-phase nature of blood as a suspension becomes  important as the diameter of the red blood cell (RBC) becomes comparable to the tube diameter. The aim of the present study  is to analyzed the effect of magnetic field on the plug flow region, shear stress in the core and plasma layer in two-fluid flow of blood through stenosed artery. Besides magnetic field, the effect of Womersley parameter, thickness of stenosis and width of plasma layer are also discussed. Generated data are analyzed and discussed through graphs

Suspension model for blood flow through a tapering catheterized inclined artery with asymmetric stenosis

We intend to study a particle fluid suspension model for blood flow through an axially asymmetric but radially symmetric mild stenosis in the annular region of an inclined tapered artery and a co-axial catheter in a suitable flow geometry has been considered to investigate the influence of velocity slip at the stenotic wall as well as hematocrit, shape parameter. The model also includes the tapering effect and inclination of the artery. Expressions for the flow variables have been derived analytically and their variations with various flow parameters are represented graphically. The results for the different values of the parameters involved show that the impedance to flow increases with stenosis height, hematocrit and catheter radius. However, it decreases with the shape parameter, angle of inclination of artery and velocity slip at the stenotic wall. The present analysis is an extension of the work by Chakraborty et al. (2011) and also includes several theoretical models of arterial stenosis in the uniform, tapering and catheterized tubes, with the consideration of velocity slip or zero slip at the vessel wall. Finally, some biological implications of this theoretical modeling are included in brief

Drug delivery in catheterized arterial blood flow with atherosclerosis

We study the problem of drug delivery in a catheterized artery in the presence of atherosclerosis. The problem is modeled in the context of a two-phase flow system which consists of red blood cells and blood plasma. The coupled differential equations for fluid (plasma) and particles (red cells) are solved for the relevant quantities in the reasonable limits. The drug delivery problem is modeled with a partial differential equation that is developed in terms of the drug concentration, blood plasma velocity, hematocrit value and the diffusion coefficient of the drug/fluid. A conservative-implicit finite difference scheme is develop in order to numerically solve the drug concentration model with an atherosclerosis region. We find that the evolution of the drug concentration varies in magnitude depending on the roles played by the convection and diffusion effects. For the cases where the diffusion coefficient is not too small, then convection effect is not strong enough and drug was delivered mostly in the central part of the blood flow region and could not reach effectively the atherosclerosis zone. However, for sufficiently small values of the diffusion coefficient, the convective effect dominates over the diffusion effect and the drug was delivered effectively over the blood flow region and on the atherosclerosis zone

Peristaltic transport of a two-layered fluid in a catheterized tube

The flow of a two-layered Newtonian fluid induced by peristaltic waves in a catheterized tube has been investigated. The expressions for the flow characteristics- the flow rate, the pressure drop and the friction forces at the tube and catheter wall are derived. It is found that the pressure drop increases with the flow rate but decreases with the increasing peripheral layer thickness and a linear relationship between pressure and flow exists. The pressure drop increases with the catheter size (radius) and assumes a high asymptotic magnitude at the catheter size more that the fifty percent of the tube size. The friction forces at the tube and catheter wall posses characteristics similar to that of the pressure drop with respect to any parameter. However, friction force at catheter wall assumes much smaller magnitude than the corresponding value at the tube wall

The Two-Phase Arterial Blood Flow with or without a Catheter and in the Presence of a Single or Multi Stenosis

We consider the problem of blood flow in an artery with or without a catheter and in the presence of single or multi stenosis whose shape is based on the available experimental data for the stenosis in a human’s artery. The presence of stenosis in the artery, which locally narrows portion of the artery, can be a result of fatty materials such as cholesterol in the blood. The use of catheter is important as a standard tool for diagnosis and treatment in patience whose blood flow passage in the artery is affected adversely by the presence of the stenosis within the artery. The blood flow in the arterial tube is represented by a two-phase model composing a suspension of red cells in plasma. The governing equations for both fluid (plasma) and particles (red cells) are solved subject to reasonable modeling and approximations. The important quantities such as blood velocity, blood pressure gradient, impedance (blood flow resistance), wall shear stress and its surface integrated force are computed in the presence or absence of the catheter, and, in particular, effects of the stenosis, size of the catheter’s radius and the hematocrit due to the red cells-plasma combination of the blood flow are determined

The Two-Phase Arterial Blood Flow with or without a Catheter and in the Presence of a Single or Multi Stenosis

We consider the problem of blood flow in an artery with or without a catheter and in the presence of single or multi stenosis whose shape is based on the available experimental data for the stenosis in a human’s artery. The presence of stenosis in the artery, which locally narrows portion of the artery, can be a result of fatty materials such as cholesterol in the blood. The use of catheter is important as a standard tool for diagnosis and treatment in patience whose blood flow passage in the artery is affected adversely by the presence of the stenosis within the artery. The blood flow in the arterial tube is represented by a two-phase model composing a suspension of red cells in plasma. The governing equations for both fluid (plasma) and particles (red cells) are solved subject to reasonable modeling and approximations. The important quantities such as blood velocity, blood pressure gradient, impedance (blood flow resistance), wall shear stress and its surface integrated force are computed in the presence or absence of the catheter, and, in particular, effects of the stenosis, size of the catheter’s radius and the hematocrit due to the red cells-plasma combination of the blood flow are determined

Peristaltic Induced Flow of a Particulate Suspension in a Non-Uniform Geometry

The flow induced by sinusoidal peristaltic waves of a particle-fluid suspension in a twodimensional diverging channel under low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximation has been investigated. The analytical expression for the flow characteristics-the flow rate, pressure rise and friction force have been derived. Moreover, we present some results concerning the dependence of these quantities on the geometrical parameters

Mathematical Modeling of Two-Phase Arterial Blood Flow

Problem of blood flow in an artery with or without catheter and in the presence of single or multi stenosis will be considered. The presence of stenosis locally thickens the artery wall and the use of catheter in the affected area is very important to the diagnostic and treatment of the patient. The blood flow in the arterial tube is represented by a two-phase model composing a suspension of erythrocytes in plasma. The governing equations for both fluid and particles are solved subjected to reasonable modeling and approximations. The important quantities such as blood speed, blood pressure force, impedance (blood flow resistance), wall shear stress, the stress force, blood temperature and the heat flux on the artery are computed in the presence or absence of the catheter and in the presence of the axially located stenosis, gravity and the hematocrit due the red cells-plasma combination of the blood flow