416 research outputs found
Coarse-to-fine approximation of range images with bounded error adaptive triangular meshes
Copyright 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibitedA new technique for approximating range images with adaptive triangular meshes ensuring a user-defined approximation error is presented. This technique is based on an efficient coarse-to-fine refinement algorithm that avoids iterative optimization stages. The algorithm first maps the pixels of the given range image to 3D points defined in a curvature space. Those points are then tetrahedralized with a 3D Delaunay algorithm. Finally, an iterative process starts digging up the convex hull of the obtained tetrahedralization, progressively removing the triangles that do not fulfill the specified approximation error. This error is assessed in the original 3D space. The introduction of the aforementioned curvature space makes it possible for both convex and nonconvex object surfaces to be approximated with adaptive triangular meshes, improving thus the behavior of previous coarse-to-fine sculpturing techniques. The proposed technique is evaluated on real range images and compared to two simplification techniques that also ensure a user-defined approximation error: a fine-to-coarse approximation algorithm based on iterative optimization (Jade) and an optimization-free, fine-to-coarse algorithm (Simplification Envelopes).This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry
of Education and Science under projects TRA2004-
06702/AUT and DPI2004-07993-C03-03. The first author
was supported by The Ramón y Cajal Program
Three Dimensional Software Modelling
Traditionally, diagrams used in software systems modelling have been two dimensional (2D). This is probably because graphical notations, such as those used in object-oriented and structured systems modelling, draw upon the topological graph metaphor, which, at its basic form, receives little benefit from three dimensional (3D) rendering. This paper presents a series of 3D graphical notations demonstrating effective use of the third dimension in modelling. This is done by e.g., connecting several graphs together, or in using the Z co-ordinate to show special kinds of edges. Each notation combines several familiar 2D diagrams, which can be reproduced from 2D projections of the 3D model. 3D models are useful even in the absence of a powerful graphical workstation: even 2D stereoscopic projections can expose more information than a plain planar diagram
Fast Simulation of Skin Sliding
Skin sliding is the phenomenon of the skin moving over underlying layers of fat, muscle and bone. Due to the complex interconnections between these separate layers and their differing elasticity properties, it is difficult to model and expensive to compute. We present a novel method to simulate this phenomenon at real--time by remeshing the surface based on a parameter space resampling. In order to evaluate the surface parametrization, we borrow a technique from structural engineering known as the force density method which solves for an energy minimizing form with a sparse linear system. Our method creates a realistic approximation of skin sliding in real--time, reducing texture distortions in the region of the deformation. In addition it is flexible, simple to use, and can be incorporated into any animation pipeline
Unwind: Interactive Fish Straightening
The ScanAllFish project is a large-scale effort to scan all the world's
33,100 known species of fishes. It has already generated thousands of
volumetric CT scans of fish species which are available on open access
platforms such as the Open Science Framework. To achieve a scanning rate
required for a project of this magnitude, many specimens are grouped together
into a single tube and scanned all at once. The resulting data contain many
fish which are often bent and twisted to fit into the scanner. Our system,
Unwind, is a novel interactive visualization and processing tool which
extracts, unbends, and untwists volumetric images of fish with minimal user
interaction. Our approach enables scientists to interactively unwarp these
volumes to remove the undesired torque and bending using a piecewise-linear
skeleton extracted by averaging isosurfaces of a harmonic function connecting
the head and tail of each fish. The result is a volumetric dataset of a
individual, straight fish in a canonical pose defined by the marine biologist
expert user. We have developed Unwind in collaboration with a team of marine
biologists: Our system has been deployed in their labs, and is presently being
used for dataset construction, biomechanical analysis, and the generation of
figures for scientific publication
Spherical aberration correction in a scanning transmission electron microscope using a sculpted foil
Nearly twenty years ago, following a sixty year struggle, scientists
succeeded in correcting the bane of electron lenses, spherical aberration,
using electromagnetic aberration correction. However, such correctors
necessitate re-engineering of the electron column, additional space, a power
supply, water cooling, and other requirements. Here, we show how modern
nanofabrication techniques can be used to surpass the resolution of an
uncorrected scanning transmission electron microscope more simply by sculpting
a foil of material into a refractive corrector that negates spherical
aberration. This corrector can be fabricated at low cost using a simple process
and installed on existing electron microscopes without changing their hardware,
thereby providing an immediate upgrade to spatial resolution. Using our
corrector, we reveal features of Si and Cu samples that cannot be resolved in
the uncorrected microscope.Comment: Roy Shiloh, Roei Remez, and Peng-Han Lu equally contributed to this
wor
Volume-preserving deformation using generalized barycentric coordinates
The cage-based deformation of a 3D object
through generalized barycentric coordinates is a simple, e fficient, effective and hence widely used shape manipulation scheme. Editing vertices of the polyhedral cage induces a smooth space deformation of its interior; the vertices thus become control handles of the final deformation. However, in some application fi elds, as medicine, constrained volume preserving deformations are required.
In this paper, we present a solution that
takes advantage of the potential of the deformations based on generalized barycentric coordinates while adding the constraint of keeping a volume constant. An implementation of the proposed scheme is presented and discussed.
A measure of local stress of the deformed volume is also proposed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft
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