7 research outputs found
ΠΠ΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ (Empirical Mode Decomposition, EMD) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² β ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠ§Π) ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ (ΠΠΠ). ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ LMS-Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ° Π£ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡ-Π₯ΠΎΡΡΠ° (Widrow-Hoff), Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡ- Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π» (Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π² Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡ) ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ (IMF) ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡ Π½ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ§Π ΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ.Π£ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡ (Empirical Mode Decomposition, EMD) Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² β Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ (ΠΠ§Π’) Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (ΠΠΠ). ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π·Π°Π²Π°Π΄ΠΈ Π· Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ LMS-Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΡ Π£ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡ-Π₯ΠΎΡΡΠ° (Widrow-Hoff), Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π» (Π²Ρ
ΡΠ΄ Π² Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡ) ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ (IMF) Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π· ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π·Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡ Π½ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΠ§Π’ Ρ ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ² Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ.The goal of that work is check of the effectiveness of the presented EMD-method and the Widrow-Hoff gradient LMS-method for the baseline wander removal at ICP and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, and comparison of the suggested method with statistically direct algorithms. The removal of such interference is a very important step in the preprocessing stage of essential medical signals for getting desired signal for clinical diagnoses. At this article a new method signal filtering was presented, in which the reconstruction of the reference signal is conditioned by lower frequency IMFs. This method does not use any preprocessing and post processing, and does not require prior estimates. The proposed filtering scheme, as compared to the widely used of a two-stage moving-average filter, lowpass-IIR and median filters, showed the effective baseline wander removal of ICP and EKG of signals without distortion of their waveform signals
Localization of Active Brain Sources From EEG Signals Using Empirical Mode Decomposition: A Comparative Study
The localization of active brain sources from Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a useful method in clinical applications, such as the study of localized epilepsy, evoked-related-potentials, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The distributed-source model is a common method to estimate neural activity in the brain. The location and amplitude of each active source are estimated by solving the inverse problem by regularization or using Bayesian methods with spatio-temporal constraints. Frequency and spatio-temporal constraints improve the quality of the reconstructed neural activity. However, separation into frequency bands is beneficial when the relevant information is in specific sub-bands. We improved frequency-band identification and preserved good temporal resolution using EEG pre-processing techniques with good frequency band separation and temporal resolution properties. The identified frequency bands were included as constraints in the solution of the inverse problem by decomposing the EEG signals into frequency bands through various methods that offer good frequency and temporal resolution, such as empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and wavelet transform (WT). We present a comparative analysis of the accuracy of brain-source reconstruction using these techniques. The accuracy of the spatial reconstruction was assessed using the Wasserstein metric for real and simulated signals. We approached the mode-mixing problem, inherent to EMD, by exploring three variants of EMD: masking EMD, Ensemble-EMD (EEMD), and multivariate EMD (MEMD). The results of the spatio-temporal brain source reconstruction using these techniques show that masking EMD and MEMD can largely mitigate the mode-mixing problem and achieve a good spatio-temporal reconstruction of the active sources. Masking EMD and EEMD achieved better reconstruction than standard EMD, Multiple Sparse Priors, or wavelet packet decomposition when EMD was used as a pre-processing tool for the spatial reconstruction (averaged over time) of the brain sources. The spatial resolution obtained using all three EMD variants was substantially better than the use of EMD alone, as the mode-mixing problem was mitigated, particularly with masking EMD and EEMD. These findings encourage further exploration into the use of EMD-based pre-processing, the mode-mixing problem, and its impact on the accuracy of brain source activity reconstruction
Statistical Properties and Applications of Empirical Mode Decomposition
Signal analysis is key to extracting information buried in noise. The decomposition of signal is a data analysis tool for determining the underlying physical components of a processed data set. However, conventional signal decomposition approaches such as wavelet analysis, Wagner-Ville, and various short-time Fourier spectrograms are inadequate to process real world signals. Moreover, most of the given techniques require \emph{a prior} knowledge of the processed signal, to select the proper decomposition basis, which makes them improper for a wide range of practical applications. Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is a non-parametric and adaptive basis driver that is capable of breaking-down non-linear, non-stationary signals into an intrinsic and finite components called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF). In addition, EMD approximates a dyadic filter that isolates high frequency components, e.g. noise, in higher index IMFs. Despite of being widely used in different applications, EMD is an ad hoc solution. The adaptive performance of EMD comes at the expense of formulating a theoretical base. Therefore, numerical analysis is usually adopted in literature to interpret the behavior.
This dissertation involves investigating statistical properties of EMD and utilizing the outcome to enhance the performance of signal de-noising and spectrum sensing systems. The novel contributions can be broadly summarized in three categories: a statistical analysis of the probability distributions of the IMFs and a suggestion of Generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) as a best fit distribution; a de-noising scheme based on a null-hypothesis of IMFs utilizing the unique filter behavior of EMD; and a novel noise estimation approach that is used to shift semi-blind spectrum sensing techniques into fully-blind ones based on the first IMF. These contributions are justified statistically and analytically and include comparison with other state of art techniques
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³Π»Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°
Recording of the smooth stomach muscles' electrical activity can be performed by means of Electrogastrography (EGG), a non-invasive technique for acquisition that can provide valuable information regarding the functionality of the gut. While this method had been introduced for over nine decades, it still did not reach its full potential. The main reason for this is the lack of standardization that subsequently led to the limited reproducibility and comparability between different investigations. Additionally, variability between many proposed recording approaches could make EGG unappealing for broader application.
The aim was to provide an evaluation of a simplified recording protocol that could be obtained by using only one bipolar channel for a relatively short duration (20 minutes) in a static environment with limited subject movements. Insights into the most suitable surface electrode placement for EGG recording was also presented. Subsequently, different processing methods, including Fractional Order Calculus and Video-based approach for the cancelation of motion artifacts β one of the main pitfalls in the EGG technique, was examined.
For EGG, it is common to apply long-term protocols in a static environment. Our second goal was to introduce and investigate the opposite approach β short-term recording in a dynamic environment. Research in the field of EGG-based assessment of gut activity in relation to motion sickness symptoms induced by Virtual Reality and Driving Simulation was performed. Furthermore, three novel features for the description of EGG signal (Root Mean Square, Median Frequency, and Crest Factor) were proposed and its applicability for the assessment of gastric response during virtual and simulated experiences was evaluated.
In conclusion, in a static environment, the EGG protocol can be simplified, and its duration can be reduced. In contrast, in a dynamic environment, it is possible to acquire a reliable EGG signal with appropriate recommendations stated in this Doctoral dissertation. With the application of novel processing techniques and features, EGG could be a useful tool for the assessment of cybersickness and simulator sickness.Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³Π»Π°ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ (ΠΠΠ), Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π·Π°Π½Π΅ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·Π° Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. Π£ΠΏΡΠΊΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΈ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π». ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ³ Π·Π° ΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΠΠ-Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π³Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎ Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π΅Π²Π°Π»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡ. ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π» ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° (20 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°) Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΡ. Ρ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ Π²Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π° ΠΠΠ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°, Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ° β ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠΠ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°.
ΠΠ° ΠΠΠ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ°Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΏΠ° β ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ°. Π Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΆΡΠ΅. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π·Π° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° (Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄Π΅, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ) ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΠΆΡΠ΅.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π», Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ· ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈ. Π£ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ ΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΠΠ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»Π½ΠΎΡΡ