10,389 research outputs found
ATP and Presentation Service for Mizar Formalizations
This paper describes the Automated Reasoning for Mizar (MizAR) service, which
integrates several automated reasoning, artificial intelligence, and
presentation tools with Mizar and its authoring environment. The service
provides ATP assistance to Mizar authors in finding and explaining proofs, and
offers generation of Mizar problems as challenges to ATP systems. The service
is based on a sound translation from the Mizar language to that of first-order
ATP systems, and relies on the recent progress in application of ATP systems in
large theories containing tens of thousands of available facts. We present the
main features of MizAR services, followed by an account of initial experiments
in finding proofs with the ATP assistance. Our initial experience indicates
that the tool offers substantial help in exploring the Mizar library and in
preparing new Mizar articles
Automated Reasoning and Presentation Support for Formalizing Mathematics in Mizar
This paper presents a combination of several automated reasoning and proof
presentation tools with the Mizar system for formalization of mathematics. The
combination forms an online service called MizAR, similar to the SystemOnTPTP
service for first-order automated reasoning. The main differences to
SystemOnTPTP are the use of the Mizar language that is oriented towards human
mathematicians (rather than the pure first-order logic used in SystemOnTPTP),
and setting the service in the context of the large Mizar Mathematical Library
of previous theorems,definitions, and proofs (rather than the isolated problems
that are solved in SystemOnTPTP). These differences poses new challenges and
new opportunities for automated reasoning and for proof presentation tools.
This paper describes the overall structure of MizAR, and presents the automated
reasoning systems and proof presentation tools that are combined to make MizAR
a useful mathematical service.Comment: To appear in 10th International Conference on. Artificial
Intelligence and Symbolic Computation AISC 201
mizar-items: Exploring fine-grained dependencies in the Mizar Mathematical Library
The Mizar Mathematical Library (MML) is a rich database of formalized
mathematical proofs (see http://mizar.org). Owing to its large size (it
contains more than 1100 "articles" summing to nearly 2.5 million lines of text,
expressing more than 50000 theorems and 10000 definitions using more than 7000
symbols), the nature of its contents (the MML is slanted toward pure
mathematics), and its classical foundations (first-order logic, set theory,
natural deduction), the MML is an especially attractive target for research on
foundations of mathematics. We have implemented a system, mizar-items, on which
a variety of such foundational experiements can be based. The heart of
mizar-items is a method for decomposing the contents of the MML into
fine-grained "items" (e.g., theorem, definition, notation, etc.) and computing
dependency relations among these items. mizar-items also comes equipped with a
website for exploring these dependencies and interacting with them.Comment: Accepted at CICM 2011: Conferences in Intelligent Computer
Mathematics, Track C: Systems and Project
Discovery of a Faint Companion to Alcor Using MMT/AO 5 m Imaging
We report the detection of a faint stellar companion to the famous nearby A5V
star Alcor (80 UMa). The companion has M-band ( = 4.8 m)
magnitude 8.8 and projected separation 1".11 (28 AU) from Alcor. The companion
is most likely a low-mass (0.3 \msun) active star which is responsible
for Alcor's X-ray emission detected by ROSAT (L 10
erg/s). Alcor is a nuclear member of the Ursa Major star cluster (UMa; d
25 pc, age 0.5 Gyr), and has been occasionally mentioned as a
possible distant (709") companion of the stellar quadruple Mizar ( UMa).
Comparing the revised Hipparcos proper motion for Alcor with the mean motion
for other UMa nuclear members shows that Alcor has a peculiar velocity of 1.1
km/s, which is comparable to the predicted velocity amplitude induced by the
newly-discovered companion (1 km/s). Using a precise dynamical parallax
for Mizar and the revised Hipparcos parallax for Alcor, we find that Mizar and
Alcor are physically separated by 0.36 0.19 pc (74 39 kAU; minimum
18 kAU), and their velocity vectors are marginally consistent (
probability 6%). Given their close proximity and concordant motions we suggest
that the Mizar quadruple and the Alcor binary be together considered the 2nd
closest stellar sextuplet. The addition of Mizar-Alcor to the census of stellar
multiples with six or more components effectively doubles the local density of
such systems within the local volume (d 40 pc).Comment: 28 pages, 2 figures, AJ, in press; emulateapj short version at
http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/alcor.pd
MizAR 60 for Mizar 50
As a present to Mizar on its 50th anniversary, we develop an AI/TP system that automatically proves about 60% of the Mizar theorems in the hammer setting. We also automatically prove 75% of the Mizar theorems when the automated provers are helped by using only the premises used in the human-written Mizar proofs. We describe the methods and large-scale experiments leading to these results. This includes in particular the E and Vampire provers, their ENIGMA and Deepire learning modifications, a number of learning-based premise selection methods, and the incremental loop that interleaves growing a corpus of millions of ATP proofs with training increasingly strong AI/TP systems on them. We also present a selection of Mizar problems that were proved automatically
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