A STUDY OF CHANGE FROM DRAFT TO ALL VOLUNTEER MILITARY: ANALYZING PATRIOTISM, SENSATION SEEKING, VALUE OF MONEY, USE OF FORCE AND INTENTION TO JOIN THE MILITARY

The current study has explored some incentives for young people to enlist in the military in the context of a national transformation into all-volunteer force from draft system. Specifically, in this study, I examined how strongly patriotism, sensation seeking, value of money for people, use of force in military interventions and intentions to join the military affect young people\u27s behavior to enlist in the military. The Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) was used as a part of the model in this study. This study also looked for differences on intentions to enlist in the military among young people who already served or have not yet served. Understanding what most attracts young people will also help governments direct their recruitment campaigns toward young people in case of a transition from draft to all-volunteer military

The relationship between state and higher education : the case of Mulkiye College in Turkey

This article describes the special relationship between the state and higher education in Turkey in the context of a case study of Mulkiye College, currently the College of Political Sciences at Ankara University. By focusing on the social and organizational context within which institutionalization takes place, it shows how conflict and functional factors each play a role in the process of institutionalization. The article demonstrates how attention to an organization and its field yields critical information about the macro processes that govern micro individual habits as well as taken-for-granted outcomes that contribute to our understanding of societal order. It is suggested that Mulkiye College presents a unique case study that contributes towards an understanding of the relationship between higher education organizations and the state in Turkey.peer-reviewe

Applying Affective Engagement to Change Organizational Culture: A Secondary Analysis of Sexual Assault Prevention and Reporting Curriculum Outcomes on U.S. Air Force Technical Training Campuses

Sexual assault, sexual harassment, and unprofessional relationships are inconsistent with U.S. Air Force vision to foster a culture that promotes dignity and respect. These problems reduce military readiness and retention of talented personnel while increasing costs to taxpayers. To combat these problems, the U.S. Air Force revised its sexual assault prevention and reporting curriculum to employ affective engagement techniques at four technical training campuses. Curriculum developers employed plausible vignettes, storytelling, and classroom debate to create an emotional connection to the sexual assault prevention and reporting lessons. The objective of the revised curriculum was to change the organizational culture to one of dignity and respect. The purpose of this research is to answer the following questions: Does increasing the affective engagement of SAPR curriculum influence organizational culture on Air Force technical training campuses? The research relies on secondary analysis of two student surveys developed by the Air Force to measure changes in organizational culture. This study analyzes end-of-course survey data collected from 363 students receiving the original curriculum and 338 students receiving the revised curriculum in independent groups. Training-climate survey data is analyzed as a time-series, illustrating perceptions of 3,378 students where the curriculum did not change and 6,698 students surveyed at locations where the curriculum did change. The research measures changes in organizational culture by evaluating trends in student perceptions of organizational tolerance of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and unprofessional relationships. Additionally, end-of-course survey data compares beliefs about consequences, perceived norms, and control factor behaviors. The time-series data showed no significant improvement in the experimental groups over the control groups that coincided with the change in curriculum. To the contrary, organizational tolerance of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and unprofessional relationships improved in the control groups over the time-period of the study. However, experimental groups did not show any discernable improvement. Revising only the curriculum, as done in this study, did not correspond to a change in the organizational culture within the technical training environment. Future research should consider changing the delivery timing and venue of training to complement the curriculum

THE NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR GENDER EQUALITY: WOMEN, SPORTS AND MILITARY INSTITUTIONS

In Greece, sport as a tool for the promotion of gender integration and social justice has been included in the upcoming National Action Plan for Gender Equality (NAPGE) for 2021-2025 by the General Secretariat for Demography and Family Policy and Gender Equality of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. The social space of sport is also included in the currently in effect NAPGE, formulated for 2016-2020 by the General Secretariat for Gender Equality (GSGE) of the Ministry of the Interior. This article begins with a presentation of the upcoming-updated NAPGE 2021-2025 and subsequently examines NAPGE 2016-2020 which is currently in effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the strategic goals of the NAPGE are being implemented in the Hellenic Military Higher Education Institutions and specifically in their academic curricula and programs, focusing on coed sport activities. A strategic goal of the NAPGE 2016-2020, as in the one to follow for 2021-2025, is to promote equality in education, culture, sport, and the media. To eliminate gender inequalities the NAPGE, presently in effect in Greek society, sets six strategic goals, and incorporates the gender dimension in all social, political, educational and sports bodies. Following European Commission guidelines, the NAPGE priority areas focus on promoting health; eliminating gender-based violence; supporting equality in education, training, culture, sport, and the media; promoting social integration and equality. As regards education, the main objectives include eliminating gender stereotypes and all forms of discrimination. Research shows that women's sport participation challenges gender stereotypes. Subsequently, women’s integration and gender equality in the military is discussed, using the curricula and sport programs at the five military schools/academies along with the interview data from our previous study with twelve active-duty female officers, former cadets at these five institutions. Our findings indicate that the gender dimension is taken into account: the NAPGE is being implemented, to a certain extent. Our results show that coed sport activities and team sports cultivate acceptance, cohesion, teamwork, and collaborations, leading to women’s integration and inclusion, in addition to a healthier and more productive military environment and culture. Article visualizations

Explaining Influences on Career \u27Choice\u27 in Comparative Perspective

This study explores the influences on career choices of the MBA students from three countries at micro-individual, meso-institutional and relational and macro-structural levels, questioning the apparent dominance of ‘free choice’ in the context of persistent forms of structural constraints in career markets. The paper takes a critical perspective on career ‘choice’, acknowledging the contested nature of ‘choice’ and identifying career as a product of socially and historically situated choices which are negotiated through structural constraints The central hypothesis of the study is that ‘it is more likely for the MBA students to report micro-agentic or meso-instutional and relational rather than macro-structural conditions as key influences on their career choices’. The study draws on the findings of a cross-national survey involving Britain, Israel, and Turkey, using the career choice dimensions designed by Özbilgin and Healy (2003). Findings show that MBA students consider the impact of structural conditions as less significant on their career choices than their own human capital and capacity to make free choices. The study provides an understanding of the main cross-national diversities and similarities in reporting of influences on career ‘choice’, and brings to bare interesting theoretical and methodological insights

Gender and military issues : a categorized research bibliography

The purpose of this report is to give an overview of research related to gender issues in the military

Employer branding in the chinese public hospital

JEL Classificação: J44, M51The present study aims to investigate the instrumental- symbolic framework as a package for analyzing employer branding under Chinese context, a non-Western culture. Specifically, we examine the relative importance of perceived instrumental and symbolic attributes as an employer in public hospitals between two groups of individuals (211 final-year students and 200 current employed doctors). First, results show that instrumental and symbolic attributes are significantly related to hospital’s attractiveness as an employer, while symbolic trait inferences can explain incremental variance in employer attraction beyond instrumental attributes. Second, although attributes explain similar portions of the variance in two groups, the significant variables within the dimensions perform divergently. In addition, potential applicants have more favorable perceptions of both instrumental and symbolic attributes than current employed doctors. Finally, implications for employer branding practices and limitations for future researches are discussed.O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar o quadro instrumental e simbólico, em conjunto, de maneira a analisar a marca de empregador no contexto chinês, uma cultura não ocidental. Mais especificamente, examinamos a importância relativa dos atributos instrumentais e simbólicos distinguidos como empregadores em hospitais públicos entre dois grupos de indivíduos (211 estudantes de último ano e 200 médicos atualmente empregados).Os primeiros resultados mostram que os atributos instrumentais e simbólicos são significativamente relacionados com a atractividade empregadora do hospital. As interferências dos traços simbólicos podem, quanto a elas, explicar a variância incremental na atractividade do empregador além dos atributos instrumentais. Em segundo lugar, embora os atributos expliquem porções similares da variância nos dois grupos, as variáveis significativas dentro desses mesmos atuam divergentemente. Além do mais, candidatos potenciais têm percepções mais favoráveis dos atributos instrumentais e simbólicos comparativamente aos médicos atualmente empregados. Finalmente, são discutidas implicações para práticas de branding de empregador e limitações para futuras investigações

INNOVATION IN POLICING REGARDING EU MEMBERSHIP IN TURKEY: POLICE OFFICERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF COMMUNITY POLICING

ABSTRACT Innovations in Policing regarding EU Membership in Turkey: Police Officers’ Perceptions of Community Policing by Murat Aksoy The Turkish National Police (TNP) has been undergoing continuous reform and reorganization for over a decade, with many new departments and training facilities being set up. As part of this continuous change, a number of innovative initiatives, including community policing, have been introduced in Turkey in the past decade in anticipation of European Union membership. The advent of Community Policing (COP) was announced to the Police Organization, in a circular, by the Turkish Interior Ministry in 2005. In support of this new policy style, studies were also undertaken to run an EU sponsored project titled ‘Community Involvement in Suppression of Crimes’. It is expected that such policies and programmes will contribute to the approach to policing in Turkey. Similar to any other innovative initiative, effective implementation of COP as an innovative style depends on the police officers’ perceptions and acceptance in particular and the police organisation in general. However, to date, no empirical studies have been conducted to examine officers’ perceptions of community policing nationwide. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine the perceived effectiveness of COP at the individual level through the expressed perceptions of participating police officers. In addition, this study also aims to identify the selected demographic and experiential variables, which determine the level of effectiveness of COP from the viewpoint of the police officers on the ground. In order to fulfil these aims, this study is constructed as an explorative case study for which primary data is collected through a questionnaire survey administered with 290 law enforcement community police officers from 16 cities across Turkey. Statistical methods are employed to analyse the primary data. The findings from the OLS regression analysis demonstrate that COP has the potential to be implemented in Turkey. After creating dependent and one independent variable using factor analysis, the results reveals that COP officers strongly support the program and they have positive perceptions of it. In addition, the majority of the participating COP officers are in support of the EU process to help the changing environment in Turkey, particularly in the Police service. The OLS model I identifies six variables with a statistically significant relationship. These variables are: ‘European Union’, ‘fear of crime’, ‘years of experience’, ‘volunteer or assigned’, ‘education’ and ‘proportion of COP to traditional policing’. The OLS model II reveals that there is a significant relationship in city size (population). In addition, the Black Sea, East Anatolia, and Aegean regions are statistically associated with the effectiveness of COP which means there are no differences according to region in Turkey. The findings of the study also rendered useful information for future developments. It can be concluded that the findings of this study can be expected to help practitioners, policymakers, and researchers for the development of future policies in the field

From traditionalism to modernism: mental health in the Ottoman Empire

This thesis aims to offer a perspective on the history of mental health in the Ottoman Empire with a special focus on modernization. It is designed to be a modest contribution towards studying social history of medicine relying on the Foucauldian theoretical framework. It first provides a literature review to delineate the changes in the Ottoman medical history writing and the origins of the Ottoman social history of medicine. Originally being a purely institutional history, Ottoman medical historiography has become transformed in the late 1970's by discussing social effects of medicine. This thesis then intends to portray the transition from traditionalism to modernism. It investigates the limits of medical modernization and asks the question as to what degree medical knowledge was used as a disciplinary mechanism. It searches for how modernization shaped mental health in the Ottoman Empire with respect to confinement practices and state control. With this regard this thesis is aimed to show a comparative perspective between pre-modern and modern mechanisms in terms of confinement practices and state control. Up until the commencement of medical modernization confinement practices were not standardized, and were not necessarily under the control of the state. Religious institutions as well as and family and neighborhood members did play decisive roles in confinement practices. However, from the second half of the nineteenth century, medical knowledge was used as a disciplinary mechanism to a degree in which effective organizational structures were established. Mental treatment, hospital conditions and confinement practices were left to state control. This project aims to show that state control was increased and confinement was used as a disciplinary mechanism to a degree in which the required effective organizational structures to be established. Discipline imposed upon individuals was not experienced homogenously due to differences in the level of institutional effectiveness and modernization throughout the Empire

Professional army system : a diagnosis of the perceptions

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This study analyzes the perceptions about the concept of professional army. It aimed to find out the ideas and attitudes of the management people in defence sector toward being an army with totally professional soldiers. Recently, the effectiveness of the Army’s personnel was questioned for being totally professional, and efforts to modernize it or set up a completely new system. This large-scale organizational change has been discussed on the framework of opensystem theory. Although there may be various reasons for their perceptions, the reasons behind those perceptions are not investigated. The thesis will enable some information for further studies by picturing the present condition and finding the individual perceptions of respondents at all levels (upper, middle and lower levels) before the professional army established so that it gives a way for understanding how the social perception will change when the transformation is underway.Işıkçı, ErolM.S