Dynamism in the context of views out: A literature review

Previous studies have shown that access to a satisfactory view to the outside with sufficient daylight is essential for building occupants\u27 health and well-being. It has also been suggested that certain features of visual content improve view-out quality, such as horizontal stratification, natural landscapes, distant features, and diversity of visual elements. Additionally, having movement and changes in viewing content has been shown to further strengthen building occupants’ engagement and connectivity to their surrounding environment. The objective of this paper is to review the literature on the dynamism of the view content and the inclusion of this criterion in the current metrics of view evaluation. Our review revealed a need for further research on view dynamism, especially focusing on testing different types, speeds, and scales of movement on view quality assessment. It also showed that more comprehensive view evaluation frameworks should be developed to accurately preserve the dynamic qualities of window views in experimental settings. While many view rating metrics have acknowledged the importance of movement, this criterion is to date ignored or only poorly included in existing metrics, which further highlights the need of learning more about this topic

Applied Cognitive Sciences

Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field in the study of the mind and intelligence. The term cognition refers to a variety of mental processes, including perception, problem solving, learning, decision making, language use, and emotional experience. The basis of the cognitive sciences is the contribution of philosophy and computing to the study of cognition. Computing is very important in the study of cognition because computer-aided research helps to develop mental processes, and computers are used to test scientific hypotheses about mental organization and functioning. This book provides a platform for reviewing these disciplines and presenting cognitive research as a separate discipline

Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography, supplement 191

A bibliographical list of 182 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1979 is presented

Aerospace Medicine and Biology. A continuing bibliography with indexes

This bibliography lists 244 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1981. Aerospace medicine and aerobiology topics are included. Listings for physiological factors, astronaut performance, control theory, artificial intelligence, and cybernetics are included

Engineering data compendium. Human perception and performance. User's guide

The concept underlying the Engineering Data Compendium was the product of a research and development program (Integrated Perceptual Information for Designers project) aimed at facilitating the application of basic research findings in human performance to the design and military crew systems. The principal objective was to develop a workable strategy for: (1) identifying and distilling information of potential value to system design from the existing research literature, and (2) presenting this technical information in a way that would aid its accessibility, interpretability, and applicability by systems designers. The present four volumes of the Engineering Data Compendium represent the first implementation of this strategy. This is the first volume, the User's Guide, containing a description of the program and instructions for its use

Brain Computer Interfaces and Emotional Involvement: Theory, Research, and Applications

This reprint is dedicated to the study of brain activity related to emotional and attentional involvement as measured by Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems designed for different purposes. A BCI system can translate brain signals (e.g., electric or hemodynamic brain activity indicators) into a command to execute an action in the BCI application (e.g., a wheelchair, the cursor on the screen, a spelling device or a game). These tools have the advantage of having real-time access to the ongoing brain activity of the individual, which can provide insight into the user’s emotional and attentional states by training a classification algorithm to recognize mental states. The success of BCI systems in contemporary neuroscientific research relies on the fact that they allow one to “think outside the lab”. The integration of technological solutions, artificial intelligence and cognitive science allowed and will allow researchers to envision more and more applications for the future. The clinical and everyday uses are described with the aim to invite readers to open their minds to imagine potential further developments

Automatic Context-Driven Inference of Engagement in HMI: A Survey

An integral part of seamless human-human communication is engagement, the process by which two or more participants establish, maintain, and end their perceived connection. Therefore, to develop successful human-centered human-machine interaction applications, automatic engagement inference is one of the tasks required to achieve engaging interactions between humans and machines, and to make machines attuned to their users, hence enhancing user satisfaction and technology acceptance. Several factors contribute to engagement state inference, which include the interaction context and interactants' behaviours and identity. Indeed, engagement is a multi-faceted and multi-modal construct that requires high accuracy in the analysis and interpretation of contextual, verbal and non-verbal cues. Thus, the development of an automated and intelligent system that accomplishes this task has been proven to be challenging so far. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on previous work in engagement inference for human-machine interaction, entailing interdisciplinary definition, engagement components and factors, publicly available datasets, ground truth assessment, and most commonly used features and methods, serving as a guide for the development of future human-machine interaction interfaces with reliable context-aware engagement inference capability. An in-depth review across embodied and disembodied interaction modes, and an emphasis on the interaction context of which engagement perception modules are integrated sets apart the presented survey from existing surveys

Proceedings of the 2nd IUI Workshop on Interacting with Smart Objects

These are the Proceedings of the 2nd IUI Workshop on Interacting with Smart Objects. Objects that we use in our everyday life are expanding their restricted interaction capabilities and provide functionalities that go far beyond their original functionality. They feature computing capabilities and are thus able to capture information, process and store it and interact with their environments, turning them into smart objects

Social cognition and behavioral responses in kinematic interactions

As social beings, humans are constantly probed to infer intentions from verbal and non- verbal communication and to react according to the kinematic signals of other people. In this way, social cognition is tightly bound to our ability to perceive, predict and perform socially relevant actions. Being characterized by impairments in social interactions, in- dividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate insensitivity to predictive social stimuli as well as abnormal kinematic control both on the behavioral and the brain level. Underlining the severe consequences of impaired social interactive capabilities, autistic individuals are at high risk of social exclusion and concomitant mental health issues. Therefore, the investigation of the behavioral and brain responses to social ac- tions might yield valuable insights into the fundamental dynamics of social interactions, which could lay the foundation for clinical research and interventions in ASD. In order to provide first insights, the main goal of this thesis was to identify the non-pathological brain mechanisms in perceptual action prediction and action control within a social context. For this purpose, two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments in healthy control participants were conducted: The first study of this thesis addressed the effect of observing communicative, i.e. predictive, actions on visual perception [interpersonal predictive coding (IPPC)]. By the use of point-light displays, we replicated behavioral findings of improved visual discriminability of a point-light agent after seeing a communicative as compared to an individual action of another point-light agent. Furthermore, our findings suggest a perceptual integration of social event knowledge implemented by the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) during predictive trials and a specific role of the amygdala in setting network configurations to meet the demands of the specific social context. Moving from a spectator perspective to direct involvement in a social interaction, the second study of this thesis examined the interaction of gaze processing and action control during an encounter with an anthropomorphic virtual character. The key finding of this second study comprises an increased functional coupling during high action control demands between the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) as central gaze processing region and brain areas implicated in both action control processes and social cognition such as the inferior frontal gyri. The results of the two studies demonstrate that predictive social actions as well as direct gaze signals can modify multimodal functional integration in the brain, thereby recruiting and modulating activation in brain structures implicated in ASD. In this way, the two studies of this thesis underline the interdependence of social cognition and kinematic processes while providing a reference point for future studies on ASD