Mobile phone use while driving: Underestimation of a global threat

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. The use of mobile phones (cell phones) has increased dramatically in the 21st century. The popularity of mobile phones and smart phones in the computer age can in part be associated with the growing problem of driver distraction. There are indications that the use of mobile phones while driving is one of the leading contributors to road traffic collisions (RTCs). However the true impact of the contribution of mobile phones to RTCs is masked by deficiencies in reporting. This review examines the evidence of association between mobile phone use and RTCs, placing emphasis on the challenges associated with reporting the role of mobile phones in RTCs across different countries, including the United States of America, Canada, China and Great Britain

Human Factors and Attitude towards Safe Driving Scale among Young Adults in Malaysia

The human factor is one of the major causes that contributed to a road traffic accident (RTA). This study aims to identify the correlation between sleep duration and safe driving attitude among young adult in Malaysia. The significant relationship showed between Domain (D) 1, 4 and 5 of ASDS-46 with sleep duration (ESS). D1 (self-complaint), D4 (self-concern) has positive correlation (p= .110 and .147) and D5 (driving style) has negative correlation (p=.132). In conclusion, short sleep duration may influence the risk of RTA, and on-road assessment is recommended for further investigation.Keywords: Young adult; Sleep quality; Driver’s attitude; Human factorseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1726             

Could Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems Help Improve Mobility in an Emerging Country? Challenges, Opportunities, Gaps and Other Evidence from the Caribbean

Apart from constituting a topic of high relevance for transport planners and policymakers, support technologies for traffic have the potential to bring significant benefits to mobility. In addi- tion, there are groups of 'high potential' users, such as young adults, who constitute an essential part of the current market. Notwithstanding, and especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), their knowledge and acceptance remain understudied. This study aimed to assess the appraisal of intelligent transport systems (ITS) and other technological developments applicable to mobility among Dominican young adults. Methods: In this study, we used the data gathered from 1414 Dominicans aged between 18 and 40, responding to the National Survey on Mobility in 2018 and 2019. Results: Overall, and although there is a relatively high acceptance, attributed value, and attitudinal predisposition towards both intelligent transportation systems and various support technologies applicable to mobility, the actual usage rates remain considerably low, and this is probably exacerbated by the low and middle-income status of the country. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest the need to strengthen information and communication flows over emerging mobility-related technologies and develop further awareness of the potential benefits of technological developments for everyday transport dynamics

L'identification des rôles dans un trafic de stupéfiants par la géolocalisation des données téléphoniques recueillies au cours de l'enquête

La surveillance téléphonique est un des principaux moyens utilisés dans les enquêtes sur le trafic de stupéfiants afin de reconstituer l’activité délictueuse, identifier les acteurs impliqués, déterminer leurs rôles respectifs et les localiser. À ce jour, les recherches sur l’exploitation de la téléphonie afin d’étudier des groupes criminels portent principalement sur les transcriptions des communications intégrées dans les décisions de justice. Cette recherche exploratoire bénéficie quant à elle d’un accès privilégié aux données de téléphonie provenant de mesures de surveillance en temps réel et rétroactive durant l’enquête. Cette recherche se focalise sur le lien entre le rôle d’un individu impliqué dans le trafic de stupéfiants et les patterns spatiaux détectés dans les traces téléphoniques. La question de recherche posée est : le rôle d’un acteur, à savoir la fonction qu’il remplit et la place qu’il occupe au sein du groupe, peut-il être inféré à partir de ses activités téléphoniques ? Cet article aborde cette question à travers l’analyse spatio-temporelle des contrôles téléphoniques rétroactifs et en temps réel de 20 individus distincts impliqués dans le trafic de stupéfiants. Les individus sélectionnés sont répartis selon trois rôles : livreurs, grossistes ou semi-grossistes et transporteurs. Pour mesurer leur mobilité, la localisation médiane, l’aire de l’enveloppe convexe, et la moyenne des distances parcourues par jour sont notamment calculées pour chaque individu et par type de rôle. Les résultats soutiennent l’hypothèse selon laquelle le rôle de l’utilisateur influence les patterns observés dans ses données téléphoniques. Les transporteurs semblent ainsi pouvoir être différenciés des livreurs et grossistes selon des patterns géographiques identifiables. Les livreurs semblent également pouvoir être différenciés des grossistes. Ces résultats tendent à confirmer l’approche proposée et révèlent un potentiel d’exploration des données de téléphonie pour inférer le rôle des acteurs dans un trafic

Investigating evidence of mobile phone usage by drivers in road traffic accidents

The United Kingdom is witnessing some of the highest volumes of motor vehicle traffic on its roads. In addition, a large number of motor vehicle traffic accidents are reported annually, of which it is estimated that a quarter involve the illegal use of a hand-held mobile device by the driver. Establishing whether mobile phone usage was a causal factor for an accident involves carrying out a forensic analysis of a mobile handset to ascertain a timeline of activity on the device, focussing on whether the handset was used immediately prior to, or during, an incident. Previously, this involved identifying whether SMS messages have been sent or received on the handset alongside an examination of the call logs. However, with advancements in smartphone and application design, there are now a number of ways a driver can interact with their mobile device resulting in less obvious forms of evidence which can be termed as ‘passive activity’. This article provides an analysis of iPhone's CurrentPowerlog.powerlogsystem file and Android device ‘buffer logs’, along with their associated residual data, both of which can potentially be used to establish mobile phone usage at the time of, or leading up to, a motor vehicle accident

Electronic Evidence and Electronic Signatures

In this updated edition of the well-established practitioner text, Stephen Mason and Daniel Seng have brought together a team of experts in the field to provide an exhaustive treatment of electronic evidence and electronic signatures. This fifth edition continues to follow the tradition in English evidence text books by basing the text on the law of England and Wales, with appropriate citations of relevant case law and legislation from other jurisdictions. Stephen Mason (of the Middle Temple, Barrister) is a leading authority on electronic evidence and electronic signatures, having advised global corporations and governments on these topics. He is also the editor of International Electronic Evidence (British Institute of International and Comparative Law 2008), and he founded the innovative international open access journal Digital Evidence and Electronic Signatures Law Review in 2004. Daniel Seng (Associate Professor, National University of Singapore) is the Director of the Centre for Technology, Robotics, AI and the Law (TRAIL). He teaches and researches information technology law and evidence law. Daniel was previously a partner and head of the technology practice at Messrs Rajah & Tann. He is also an active consultant to the World Intellectual Property Organization, where he has researched, delivered papers and published monographs on copyright exceptions for academic institutions, music copyright in the Asia Pacific and the liability of Internet intermediaries

La seguridad vial laboral: la influencia de los accidentes de tráfico en el entorno laboral

Los desplazamientos relacionados con el trabajo son algo fundamental (e indispensable) para las personas, la industria y la economía del mundo actual. Sin embargo, ello da lugar a altas tasas de siniestralidad vial de los trabajadores, hecho que se ha convertido una preocupación manifiesta para la salud ocupacional y, tratándose de un asunto que involucra la seguridad vial general, también para la salud pública. En este sentido, distintos estudios coinciden en resaltar la necesidad de realizar investigaciones al respecto y establecer líneas de acción de carácter institucional basadas en la evidencia, enmarcadas en la actuación permanente y los estudios epidemiológicos, como primera estrategia para reducir los accidentes laborales viales. En este contexto, el objetivo central de este estudio fue realizar un análisis exhaustivo de la base de datos del DELT@ del Ministerio de Trabajo, Migraciones y Seguridad Social a lo largo de los últimos 12 años y de otras fuentes complementarias, para evaluar la relación entre distintas variables propias del entorno laboral, el perfil sociodemográfico de los trabajadores y los accidentes laborales de tráfico. Este estudio ha permitido establecer las características de los accidentes laborales de tráfico en España, a través de la identificación de patrones basados en el análisis de variables individuales, la temporalidad de ocurrencia del accidente, su gravedad y otras variables relacionadas con el entorno laboral. También la investigación ha dejado clara la necesidad de seguir trabajando en acciones preventivas y de mejoras en las empresas y administraciones públicas, para el fortalecimiento de la seguridad vial laboral. Previamente a este objetivo central, se han analizado diferentes aspectos fundamentales para entender la situación actual en seguridad vial laboral, como por ejemplo: la evolución de los datos de siniestralidad tanto nacionales como internacionales, los costes económicos derivados de los accidentes laborales de tráfico, el complejo marco jurídico y sus problemas, los distintos tipos de actuaciones que se realizan en las empresas, etc. Todo ello ha permitido obtener datos de interés, en un tema de gran impacto social, sanitario y económico y que lamentablemente no ha sido objeto de muchas investigaciones

Electronic Evidence: 4th Edition

This well-established practitioner text provides an exhaustive treatment of electronic evidence. The revised outline for the fourth edition will continue to follow the tradition in English evidence text books by basing the text on the law of England and Wales, with appropriate citations of relevant case law and legislation from other jurisdictions

Electronic Evidence and Electronic Signatures

In this updated edition of the well-established practitioner text, Stephen Mason and Daniel Seng have brought together a team of experts in the field to provide an exhaustive treatment of electronic evidence and electronic signatures. This fifth edition continues to follow the tradition in English evidence text books by basing the text on the law of England and Wales, with appropriate citations of relevant case law and legislation from other jurisdictions. Stephen Mason (of the Middle Temple, Barrister) is a leading authority on electronic evidence and electronic signatures, having advised global corporations and governments on these topics. He is also the editor of International Electronic Evidence, and he founded the innovative international open access journal Digital Evidence and Electronic Signatures Law Review in 2004. Daniel Seng (Associate Professor, National University of Singapore) is the Director of the Centre for Technology, Robotics, AI and the Law (TRAIL). He teaches and researches information technology law and evidence law. Daniel was previously a partner and head of the technology practice at Messrs Rajah & Tann. He is also an active consultant to the World Intellectual Property Organization, where he has researched, delivered papers and published monographs on copyright exceptions for academic institutions, music copyright in the Asia Pacific and the liability of Internet intermediaries