Measurements to design a coverage area by using high altitude platform systems

This paper proposes the principles of how to design UMTS coverage area for Baghdad city the capital of Iraq country that occupy space about 204.2 km², by using new and promising technology for providing wireless narrowband and broadband telecommunication services as well as broadcasting services with either airships or airplanes which is named HAPs, Viewed from its altitude, HAPs floats within the stratosphere layer in the airspace, positioned between satellite and terrestrial platforms.this study also consider the affect of interference with the current broadband technology It will start with brief introduction for HAPS with its advantages, comparison between HAPS system and other services and specify requirements for design. Such as, enumerate the center of coverage area to find the coordinates. Then, supposed the coverage area for the city, and find the radius, elevation angle, and the location of earth stations which will connect HAPS with other networks and all other services location depending on latitude and longitude, finally the reduction of interference technique

High altitude platform stations in design solutions for emergency services

High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) are expected to conform a third major infrastructure for communications and broadcasting, after terrestrial and satellite systems. The proposal, which is maintained by many authors, is the use of HAPS as alternative wireless network provider that can partial replace or add capacity to damaged or overloaded wireless networks during a man-made or large-and small-scale natural disaster. During these critical phenomena, the telecommunications infrastructure and the required coverage for the emergency service operations might be unavailable due to the destroyed area or overloading by the excessive communications demand. Along with satellites, high altitude platforms (HAPs) will be completely isolated from the effects of disasters on the ground. A couple of stratospheric-based network scenarios are considered as examples for a HAPS-aided disaster deployment assessing communication viability and outlining issues in interoperability with existing networks.Peer Reviewe

Space-Air-Ground Integrated 6G Wireless Communication Networks: A Review of Antenna Technologies and Application Scenarios

A review of technological solutions and advances in the framework of a Vertical Heterogeneous Network (VHetNet) integrating satellite, airborne and terrestrial networks is presented. The disruptive features and challenges offered by a fruitful cooperation among these segments within a ubiquitous and seamless wireless connectivity are described. The available technologies and the key research directions for achieving global wireless coverage by considering all these layers are thoroughly discussed. Emphasis is placed on the available antenna systems in satellite, airborne and ground layers by highlighting strengths and weakness and by providing some interesting trends in research. A summary of the most suitable applicative scenarios for future 6G wireless communications are finally illustrated

Designing and Implementing Future Aerial Communication Networks

Providing "connectivity from the sky" is the new innovative trend in wireless communications. High and low altitude platforms, drones, aircrafts and airships are being considered as the candidates for deploying wireless communications complementing the terrestrial communication infrastructure. In this article, we report the detailed account of the design and implementation challenges of an aerial network consisting of LTE Advanced (LTE-A) base stations. In particular, we review achievements and innovations harnessed by an aerial network composed of Helikite platforms. Helikites can be raised in the sky to bring Internet access during special events and in the aftermath of an emergency. The trial phase of the system mounting LTE-A technology onboard Helikites to serve users on the ground showed not only to be very encouraging but that such a system could offer even a longer lasting solution provided that inefficiency in powering the radio frequency equipment in the Helikite can be overcome.Comment: IEEE Communications Magazine 201

A Comprehensive Overview on 5G-and-Beyond Networks with UAVs: From Communications to Sensing and Intelligence

Due to the advancements in cellular technologies and the dense deployment of cellular infrastructure, integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond cellular networks is a promising solution to achieve safe UAV operation as well as enabling diversified applications with mission-specific payload data delivery. In particular, 5G networks need to support three typical usage scenarios, namely, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine-type communications (mMTC). On the one hand, UAVs can be leveraged as cost-effective aerial platforms to provide ground users with enhanced communication services by exploiting their high cruising altitude and controllable maneuverability in three-dimensional (3D) space. On the other hand, providing such communication services simultaneously for both UAV and ground users poses new challenges due to the need for ubiquitous 3D signal coverage as well as the strong air-ground network interference. Besides the requirement of high-performance wireless communications, the ability to support effective and efficient sensing as well as network intelligence is also essential for 5G-and-beyond 3D heterogeneous wireless networks with coexisting aerial and ground users. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest research efforts on integrating UAVs into cellular networks, with an emphasis on how to exploit advanced techniques (e.g., intelligent reflecting surface, short packet transmission, energy harvesting, joint communication and radar sensing, and edge intelligence) to meet the diversified service requirements of next-generation wireless systems. Moreover, we highlight important directions for further investigation in future work.Comment: Accepted by IEEE JSA