Model-based Approaches to Privacy Compliance

In the last decade, information technologies have been developing dramatically, and therefore data harvested via the Internet is growing rapidly. This technological change has a negative impact on privacy due to the sensitivity of the data collected and shared without convenient control or monitoring.\ua0The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union has been in effect for more than three years, limiting how organizations collect, manage, and handle personal data. The GDPR poses both new challenges and opportunities for technological institutions. In this work, we address various aspects of privacy and propose approaches that can overcome some challenges of the GDPR.\ua0We focus on improving two currently adopted approaches to leverage them to enforce some of the GDPR\u27s requirements by design.\ua0The first part of this work is devoted to developing an access control model to effectively capture the nature of information accessed and shared in online social networks (OSNs).\ua0They might raise serious problems in what concerns users\u27 privacy. One privacy risk is caused by accessing and sharing co-owned data items, i.e., when a user posts a data item that involves other users, some users\u27 privacy might be disclosed. Another risk is caused by the privacy settings offered by OSNs that do not, in general, allow fine-grained enforcement.\ua0We propose a collaborative access control framework to deal with such privacy issues. We also present a proof-of-concept implementation of our approach.In the second part of the thesis, we adopt Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) as a convenient representation to integrate privacy engineering activities into software design. DFDs are inadequate as a modeling tool for privacy, and there is a need to evolve them to be a privacy-aware approach.\ua0The first privacy-related lack that we solve is automatically inserting privacy requirements during design. Secondly, since DFDs have a hierarchical structure, we propose a refinement framework for DFDs that preserves structural and functional properties and the underlying privacy concepts. Finally, we take a step towards modeling privacy properties, and in particular purpose limitation, in DFDs, by defining a mathematical framework that elaborates how the purpose of a DFD should be specified, verified, or inferred. We provide proof-of-concept tools for all the proposed frameworks and evaluate them through case studies

MoMoWo 3rd international conference-workshop. Women designers, architects and engineers between 1969 and 1989. Programme and abstract

Il volume raccoglie gli abstract del MoMoWo 3nt INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE -WORKSHOP. Women Designers, Architects and Engineers between 1969 and 1989 che rappresenta una delle principali attività di ricerca e disseminazione del progetto Europeo MoMoW

Integrating Geophysical and Photographic Data to Visualize the Quarried Structures of the Roman Town of Bassianae

Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in present-day Serbia) are still discernible on the surface today due to the deliberate and targeted quarrying of the Roman foundations. In 2014, all of the town's intramural (and some extramural) areas were surveyed using aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry to analyze the site's topography and to map remaining buried structures. The surveys showed a strong agreement between the digital surface model derived from the aerial photographs and the geophysical prospection data. However, many structures could only be detected by one method, underlining the benefits of a complementary archaeological prospection approach using multiple methods. This article presents the results of the extensive surveys and their comprehensive integrative interpretation, discussing Bassianae's ground plan and urban infrastructure. Starting with an overview of this Roman town's research history, we present the details of the triple prospection approach, followed by the processing, integrative analysis, and interpretation of the acquired data sets. Finally, this newly gained information is contrasted with a plan of Roman Bassianae compiled in 1935

A critical review of the Mediterranean sea turtle rescue network: a web looking for a weaver

A key issue in conservation biology is recognizing and bridging the gap between scientific results and specific action. We examine sea turtles—charismatic yet endangered flagship species—in the Mediterranean, a sea with historically high levels of exploitation and 22 coastal nations. We take sea turtle rescue facilities as a visible measure for implemented conservation action. Our study yielded 34 confirmed sea turtle rescue centers, 8 first-aid stations, and 7 informal rescue institutions currently in operation. Juxtaposing these facilities to known sea turtle distribution and threat hotspots reveals a clear disconnect. Only 14 of the 22 coastal countries had centers, with clear gaps in the Middle East and Africa. Moreover, the information flow between centers is apparently limited. The populations of the two species nesting in the Mediterranean, the loggerhead Caretta caretta and the green turtle Chelonia mydas, are far below historical levels and face a range of anthropogenic threats at sea and on land. Sea turtle rescue centers are acknowledged to reduce mortality in bycatch hotspots, provide a wealth of scientific data, and raise public awareness. The proposal for a Mediterranean-wide rescue network as published by the Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas a decade ago has not materialized in its envisioned scope. We discuss the efficiency, gaps, and needs for a rescue network and call for establishing additional rescue centers and an accompanying common online database to connect existing centers. This would provide better information on the number and types of rescue facilities on a Mediterranean scale, improve communication between these facilities, enhance standardization of procedures, yield large-scale data on the number of treated turtles and their injuries, and thus provide valuable input for targeted conservation measures

Adversarial Guitar Amplifier Modelling With Unpaired Data

We propose an audio effects processing framework that learns to emulate a target electric guitar tone from a recording. We train a deep neural network using an adversarial approach, with the goal of transforming the timbre of a guitar, into the timbre of another guitar after audio effects processing has been applied, for example, by a guitar amplifier. The model training requires no paired data, and the resulting model emulates the target timbre well whilst being capable of real-time processing on a modern personal computer. To verify our approach we present two experiments, one which carries out unpaired training using paired data, allowing us to monitor training via objective metrics, and another that uses fully unpaired data, corresponding to a realistic scenario where a user wants to emulate a guitar timbre only using audio data from a recording. Our listening test results confirm that the models are perceptually convincing

Warfare to Welfare: World War I and the Development of Social Legislation in Italy

The First World War and the social policies supporting its victims played an essential role in the development of the Italian welfare state, its spectrum of benefits, and its organization. The relief programs for millions of soldiers and their families as well as disabled veterans and survivors led to a new dimension of state intervention in the field of social policy. The influence these programs have had on the successive reforms of the post-war period is clearly visible. An obvious example are the measures to increase the employment of disabled veterans, which were precursors of the 1919 compulsory insurance against unemployment and represented the first concrete state intervention in the labor market, meant to even out some of its flaws and help particularly disadvantaged groups of employees. Another wartime legislation that inspired post-war measures was the law supporting the Great War’s widows and orphans. It paved the way for the first and most important social law of the Italian fascist regime of the 1920s: the Law on Protection of Mothers and Children. Additionally, the modernization of relief services during the war diminished the importance of traditional charitable and confessional assistance and resulted at the same time in a nationalization of social policy. This in turn brought about the bureaucratization and technocratization of welfare services throughout state departments and public agencies. The nexus between warfare and welfare, a relationship which can be identified in several belligerent countries after the Great War, was particularly evident in Italy. During the war, a pronounced process of “compensatory state building” gripped the country, with the consolidation of new social rights guaranteed by the state going hand in hand with the limitation of several political and civil rights. This paper will, based on these considerations, analyze the connections and continuities of Italy’s social legislation during the war and post-war period. It will include modernization factors and limits and contradictory developments of the Italian welfare state between World War I, the Civil War, and the rise of fascism