24 research outputs found
Polarimetric Properties of Event Horizon Telescope Targets from ALMA
We present the results from a full polarization study carried out with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) during the first Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) campaign, which was conducted in 2017 April in the λ3 mm and λ1.3 mm bands, in concert with the Global mm-VLBI Array (GMVA) and the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), respectively. We determine the polarization and Faraday properties of all VLBI targets, including Sgr A*, M87, and a dozen radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in the two bands at several epochs in a time window of 10 days. We detect high linear polarization fractions (2%–15%) and large rotation measures (RM > 10^{3.3}–10^{5.5} rad m^{−2}), confirming the trends of previous AGN studies at millimeter wavelengths. We find that blazars are more strongly polarized than other AGNs in the sample, while exhibiting (on average) order-of-magnitude lower RM values, consistent with the AGN viewing angle unification scheme. For Sgr A* we report a mean RM of (−4.2 ± 0.3) × 10^{5} rad m^{−2} at 1.3 mm, consistent with measurements over the past decade and, for the first time, an RM of (–2.1 ± 0.1) × 10^{5} rad m^{−2} at 3 mm, suggesting that about half of the Faraday rotation at 1.3 mm may occur between the 3 mm photosphere and the 1.3 mm source. We also report the first unambiguous measurement of RM toward the M87 nucleus at millimeter wavelengths, which undergoes significant changes in magnitude and sign reversals on a one year timescale, spanning the range from −1.2 to 0.3 × 10^{5} rad m^{−2} at 3 mm and −4.1 to 1.5 × 10^{5} rad m^{−2} at 1.3 mm. Given this time variability, we argue that, unlike the case of Sgr A*, the RM in M87 does not provide an accurate estimate of the mass accretion rate onto the black hole. We put forward a two-component model, comprised of a variable compact region and a static extended region, that can simultaneously explain the polarimetric properties observed by both the EHT (on horizon scales) and ALMA (which observes the combined emission from both components). These measurements provide critical constraints for the calibration, analysis, and interpretation of simultaneously obtained VLBI data with the EHT and GMVA
Assessing the adoption of NERICA varieties in Western Burkina Faso
This paper aims to assess the actual and potential adoption rate of NERICA (New Rice for Africa)
rice varieties and identify the determinants of their diffusion and adoption in Burkina Faso. The
surveys were conducted in 2009 among 300 rice farmers in 10 villages participating in the rice
varietal selection tests. The average treatment effect (ATE) method made it possible to determine a
common rate of exposure to and adoption of NERICA of 17% in 2008, and a potential adoption rate
of 37%. This means that there is an adoption gap of 20% due to the incomplete diffusion of NERICA,
which must be addressed by carrying out more actions to disseminate these varieties. The contact
with agricultural research services is a key factor determining the awareness and adoption of
NERICA in Burkina Faso
Polarimetric properties of Event Horizon Telescope targets from ALMA
High Energy Astrophysic
Assessment Of A Pharmacist Initiated Health Education Programme In Improving Hypertension Patients' Health Related Quality Of Life, Disease State Knowledge And Medication Adherence In Quetta City, Pakistan
The role of pharmacists in chronic disease state management is becoming a norm
especially in the developed nations. In developing countries context, the role of
pharmacists in chronic disease state management such as hypertension is yet to be
fully explored. Therefore the aim of this research was to assess the impact of a
pharmacist led educational intervention for improving clinical and quality of life
outcomes among hypertensive patients in Quetta city, Pakistan.
A mix methodological approach using both qualitative and quantitative methods was
used to conduct the research. For the qualitative arm of the research, sixteen
hypertensive patients were interviewed and thematic content analysis identified five
major themes. In order to gain an insight of self management of hypertension, a
focus group discussion was conducted with 19 hypertensive patients. The study
found that the self management strategies were influenced by social sources, peers or
family members with little information received from healthcare professionals.
Exercise of self-management was strongly linked to the comparative advantages and
disadvantages of long term medication use
Polarimetric Properties of Event Horizon Telescope Targets from ALMA
We present the results from a full polarization study carried out with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) during the first Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) campaign, which was conducted in 2017 April in the lambda 3 mm and lambda 1.3 mm bands, in concert with the Global mm-VLBI Array (GMVA) and the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), respectively. We determine the polarization and Faraday properties of all VLBI targets, including Sgr A*, M87, and a dozen radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in the two bands at several epochs in a time window of 10 days. We detect high linear polarization fractions (2%-15%) and large rotation measures (RM > 10(3.3)-10(5.5) rad m(-2)), confirming the trends of previous AGN studies at millimeter wavelengths. We find that blazars are more strongly polarized than other AGNs in the sample, while exhibiting (on average) order-of-magnitude lower RM values, consistent with the AGN viewing angle unification scheme. For Sgr A* we report a mean RM of (-4.2 0.3) x 10(5) rad m(-2) at 1.3 mm, consistent with measurements over the past decade and, for the first time, an RM of (-2.1 0.1) x 10(5) rad m(-2) at 3 mm, suggesting that about half of the Faraday rotation at 1.3 mm may occur between the 3 mm photosphere and the 1.3 mm source. We also report the first unambiguous measurement of RM toward the M87 nucleus at millimeter wavelengths, which undergoes significant changes in magnitude and sign reversals on a one year timescale, spanning the range from -1.2 to 0.3 x 10(5) rad m(-2) at 3 mm and -4.1 to 1.5 x 10(5) rad m(-2) at 1.3 mm. Given this time variability, we argue that, unlike the case of Sgr A*, the RM in M87 does not provide an accurate estimate of the mass accretion rate onto the black hole. We put forward a two-component model, comprised of a variable compact region and a static extended region, that can simultaneously explain the polarimetric properties observed by both the EHT (on horizon scales) and ALMA (which observes the combined emission from both components). These measurements provide critical constraints for the calibration, analysis, and interpretation of simultaneously obtained VLBI data with the EHT and GMVA
Polarimetric properties of Event Horizon Telescope targets from ALMA
Please read abstract in the article.http://iopscience.iop.org/2041-8205am2023Physic
Polarimetric Properties of Event Horizon Telescope Targets from ALMA
We present the results from a full polarization study carried out with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) during the first Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) campaign, which was conducted in 2017 April in the λ3 mm and λ1.3 mm bands, in concert with the Global mm-VLBI Array (GMVA) and the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), respectively. We determine the polarization and Faraday properties of all VLBI targets, including Sgr A*, M87, and a dozen radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in the two bands at several epochs in a time window of 10 days. We detect high linear polarization fractions (2%–15%) and large rotation measures (RM > 103.3–105.5 rad m−2), confirming the trends of previous AGN studies at millimeter wavelengths. We find that blazars are more strongly polarized than other AGNs in the sample, while exhibiting (on average) order-of-magnitude lower RM values, consistent with the AGN viewing angle unification scheme. For Sgr A* we report a mean RM of (−4.2 ± 0.3) × 105 rad m−2 at 1.3 mm, consistent with measurements over the past decade and, for the first time, an RM of (–2.1 ± 0.1) × 105 rad m−2 at 3 mm, suggesting that about half of the Faraday rotation at 1.3 mm may occur between the 3 mm photosphere and the 1.3 mm source. We also report the first unambiguous measurement of RM toward the M87 nucleus at millimeter wavelengths, which undergoes significant changes in magnitude and sign reversals on a one year timescale, spanning the range from −1.2 to 0.3 × 105 rad m−2 at 3 mm and −4.1 to 1.5 × 105 rad m−2 at 1.3 mm. Given this time variability, we argue that, unlike the case of Sgr A*, the RM in M87 does not provide an accurate estimate of the mass accretion rate onto the black hole. We put forward a two-component model, comprised of a variable compact region and a static extended region, that can simultaneously explain the polarimetric properties observed by both the EHT (on horizon scales) and ALMA (which observes the combined emission from both components). These measurements provide critical constraints for the calibration, analysis, and interpretation of simultaneously obtained VLBI data with the EHT and GMVA
Kepentingan Cina Memveto Resolusi Pbb Terkait Konflik Suriah Tahun 2011-2017
Konflik Suriah muncul akibat adanya efek domino dari Arab Spring yang hingga kini belum dapat terselesaikan dan menyita perhatian internasional. PBB sebagai organisasi internasional yang mempunyai mandat untuk menjaga perdmaian dunia mencoba menyelesaikan konflik tersebut sejak tahun 2011 dengan membuat resolusi. Cina sebagai negara anggota tetap dewan keamanan PBB memveto resolusi resolusi yang berkitan dengan upaya pemberian sanksi dan penjatuhan rezim Assad di Suriah sehingga rezim Assad tetap berkuasa sampai saat ini, padahal sebelumnya Cina abstain disaat PBB membahas resolusi terkait sanksi di Libya, mengingat Suriah dan Libya sama sama negara yang terkena Arab Spring. Hubungan Suriah dan Cina sebelumnya juga tidak memiliki kedekatan secara politis sehingga sikap Cina tersebut menjadi suatu anomali. Penelitian ini akan mendeskripsikan kepentingan Cina dibalik tindakan veto tersebut. Akan digunakan konsep kepentingan nasional milik KJ Holsti sebagai alat analisis yang dijabarkan melalui indikator dan variabel yang terbagi dalam tiga periode waktu yaitu kepentingan inti, kepentingan menengah, dan kepentingan jangka panjang