A framework to support human factors of automation in railway intelligent infrastructure

Technological and organisational advances have increased the potential for remote access and proactive monitoring of the infrastructure in various domains and sectors – water and sewage, oil and gas and transport. Intelligent Infrastructure (II) is an architecture that potentially enables the generation of timely and relevant information about the state of any type of infrastructure asset, providing a basis for reliable decision-making. This paper reports an exploratory study to understand the concepts and human factors associated with II in the railway, largely drawing from structured interviews with key industry decision-makers and attachment to pilot projects. Outputs from the study include a data-processing framework defining the key human factors at different levels of the data structure within a railway II system and a system-level representation. The framework and other study findings will form a basis for human factors contributions to systems design elements such as information interfaces and role specifications

The Role of Smart Systems in Enhancing the Performance of Knowledge Management in Libraries Based on the Adoption of Using Expert System and Robots

Purpose: This study aims to enhance the performance of Knowledge management (KM). Additionally, the advantages and the applications of this export system and the smart systems are analyzed.   Theoretical framework: Selecting an algorithm isn’t an easy process. With a deep exploration of techniques and algorithms, the appropriate algorithm should be chosen and implemented to ascertain the solution for the problems like analyzing the trend of the business, identifying the age group, and finding the most desired articles and publications.   Design/methodology/approach: Contented and Expressive review approaches are implemented to conduct the research. The investigators significantly studied the materials associated with robots and expert systems in the reference to knowledge management in libraries. The results are obtained using the data visualization tool tableau. the Genetic algorithm is also used to analyze the results.   Findings: Smart systems are not easy to implement in knowledge management because knowledge management contains a large number of datasets. It has to be categorized first, then needs to be analyzed and the decisions must be taken accordingly.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The expert systems and the robots are to be implemented in the KM so the knowledge management will have enhanced performance with the help of the implementation of smart systems.   Originality/value:  In the study, the Genetic algorithm is used to find the analysis results. This algorithm was chosen because it works well in a noisy environment and is also easy to understand along with this GA is compared with the neural network algorithm

Overview of some Command Modes for Human-Robot Interaction Systems

Interaction and command modes as well as their combination are essential features of modern and futuristic robotic systems interacting with human beings in various dynamical environments. This paper presents a synthetic overview concerning the most command modes used in Human-Robot Interaction Systems (HRIS). It includes the first historical command modes which are namely tele-manipulation, off-line robot programming, and traditional elementary teaching by demonstration. It then introduces the most recent command modes which have been fostered later on by the use of artificial intelligence techniques implemented on more powerful computers. In this context, we will consider specifically the following modes: interactive programming based on the graphical-user-interfaces, voice-based, pointing-on-image-based, gesture-based, and finally brain-based commands.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development of a cognitive robotic system for simple surgical tasks

The introduction of robotic surgery within the operating rooms has significantly improved the quality of many surgical procedures. Recently, the research on medical robotic systems focused on increasing the level of autonomy in order to give them the possibility to carry out simple surgical actions autonomously. This paper reports on the development of technologies for introducing automation within the surgical workflow. The results have been obtained during the ongoing FP7 European funded project Intelligent Surgical Robotics (I-SUR). The main goal of the project is to demonstrate that autonomous robotic surgical systems can carry out simple surgical tasks effectively and without major intervention by surgeons. To fulfil this goal, we have developed innovative solutions (both in terms of technologies and algorithms) for the following aspects: fabrication of soft organ models starting from CT images, surgical planning and execution of movement of robot arms in contact with a deformable environment, designing a surgical interface minimizing the cognitive load of the surgeon supervising the actions, intra-operative sensing and reasoning to detect normal transitions and unexpected events. All these technologies have been integrated using a component-based software architecture to control a novel robot designed to perform the surgical actions under study. In this work we provide an overview of our system and report on preliminary results of the automatic execution of needle insertion for the cryoablation of kidney tumours

Mist and Edge Computing Cyber-Physical Human-Centered Systems for Industry 5.0: A Cost-Effective IoT Thermal Imaging Safety System

While many companies worldwide are still striving to adjust to Industry 4.0 principles, the transition to Industry 5.0 is already underway. Under such a paradigm, Cyber-Physical Human-centered Systems (CPHSs) have emerged to leverage operator capabilities in order to meet the goals of complex manufacturing systems towards human-centricity, resilience and sustainability. This article first describes the essential concepts for the development of Industry 5.0 CPHSs and then analyzes the latest CPHSs, identifying their main design requirements and key implementation components. Moreover, the major challenges for the development of such CPHSs are outlined. Next, to illustrate the previously described concepts, a real-world Industry 5.0 CPHS is presented. Such a CPHS enables increased operator safety and operation tracking in manufacturing processes that rely on collaborative robots and heavy machinery. Specifically, the proposed use case consists of a workshop where a smarter use of resources is required, and human proximity detection determines when machinery should be working or not in order to avoid incidents or accidents involving such machinery. The proposed CPHS makes use of a hybrid edge computing architecture with smart mist computing nodes that processes thermal images and reacts to prevent industrial safety issues. The performed experiments show that, in the selected real-world scenario, the developed CPHS algorithms are able to detect human presence with low-power devices (with a Raspberry Pi 3B) in a fast and accurate way (in less than 10 ms with a 97.04% accuracy), thus being an effective solution that can be integrated into many Industry 5.0 applications. Finally, this article provides specific guidelines that will help future developers and managers to overcome the challenges that will arise when deploying the next generation of CPHSs for smart and sustainable manufacturing.Comment: 32 page

UV-Robot supervision system design and development

Introducing the supervision system architecture of an agricultural robotic system enable the improved performance overcoming the complexity that current autonomous robots face due to the dynamic and unstructured agriculture environment. This requires the design of a human-robot interface. When designing a user interface several principles must be considered aiming to improve the usability of the user interface. This paper describes the design of the GUI web application and the coverage planner suitable for controlling the UV-Robot for typical coverage style greenhouse mildew treatment operations. The cross-platform user interface allows the farmer to specify their farm including fields, roads and docking stations, as well as controlling the whole operation. The contribution of this paper is to specify the design guidelines and the development of a user interface for a human-agricultural robot, in the case of UV treatment. Along with identifying the supervision system architecture and the communication control development, connecting the farmer, the UV-Robot and the cloud server associated