Near Field Communication: From theory to practice

This book provides the technical essentials, state-of-the-art knowledge, business ecosystem and standards of Near Field Communication (NFC)by NFC Lab - Istanbul research centre which conducts intense research on NFC technology. In this book, the authors present the contemporary research on all aspects of NFC, addressing related security aspects as well as information on various business models. In addition, the book provides comprehensive information a designer needs to design an NFC project, an analyzer needs to analyze requirements of a new NFC based system, and a programmer needs to implement an application. Furthermore, the authors introduce the technical and administrative issues related to NFC technology, standards, and global stakeholders. It also offers comprehensive information as well as use case studies for each NFC operating mode to give the usage idea behind each operating mode thoroughly. Examples of NFC application development are provided using Java technology, and security considerations are discussed in detail. Key Features: Offers a complete understanding of the NFC technology, including standards, technical essentials, operating modes, application development with Java, security and privacy, business ecosystem analysis Provides analysis, design as well as development guidance for professionals from administrative and technical perspectives Discusses methods, techniques and modelling support including UML are demonstrated with real cases Contains case studies such as payment, ticketing, social networking and remote shopping This book will be an invaluable guide for business and ecosystem analysts, project managers, mobile commerce consultants, system and application developers, mobile developers and practitioners. It will also be of interest to researchers, software engineers, computer scientists, information technology specialists including students and graduates.Publisher's Versio

PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NFCAFE: AN NFC-BASED ANDROID MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR TRADING TRANSACTION SYSTEM IN CAFETARIA

The development of mobile technology and RFID leads to an innovative mobile payment technology by using NFC. One of the popular mobile device platforms today is Android. This research proposes an architecture of NFC-based payment system in cafeteria which is called NFCafe and the implementation of it in Android applications. It is a closed payment systems without involving third parties such as banks. The security issue is handled by using symmetric and asymmetric encryptions, they are RSA and AES. The application has been developed and successfully passed the testing conducted by several respondents

Smart Tagging System for Diving Equipment

The use of Near Field Communication (NFC) has revolutionized many industries through digitalization. This process of digital immersion has been further accelerated through the mainstream availability of NFC-enabled devices and the substantial decline in the cost of NFC smart tags. The purpose of this thesis was to design and implement an end-to-end, smart tagging solution for diving equipment. The project involved an Android application, an AngularJS web application and the backend was developed using Amazon Web Services (AWS). A server-less architecture using AWS micro services was employed in the project. The Android application is used to register NFC tags by writing and reading data from NFC tags and communicating with the backend through a RESTful API. The AngularJS application provides access to the corresponding data. In addition, user authentication is achieved by using Google as an Identity Provider (IdP). This document provides an overview of the steps necessary to implement and integrate applications running on different platforms with AWS services, in a cost-effective and scalable manner. Even though this document addresses topics relevant to a specific project, most of the implementation and design instructions can be used to serve other use-cases, particularly by startups. Since the project involves applications developed on different platforms, only the most important aspects of the process are presented throughout this document.Lyhyen kantaman tiedonsiirron (NFC:n) käyttö on mullistanut monia teollisuuden aloja digitalisoinnin kautta. Näiden digitaalisen upotuksien prosessi on kiihtynyt entisestään, NFC yhteensopivien laitteiden ja saatavuuden noustessa. Prosessi myös supistaa toimintotunnisteiden kustannuksia merkittävästi. Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena on suunnitella ja toteuttaa päästä päähän toimintotunnisteratkaisu ajovarusteisiin. Projektiin sisältyy Android sovellus, An-gularJS web sovellus ja back end on kehitetty käyttäen Amazon Web Serviceä (AWS). AWS micro palveluja käytetään projektissa palvelimettoman arkkiteh-tuurin avulla. Android sovellusta käytetään NFC-tunnisteien rekisteröimiseen dataa kirjoitta-malla ja lukemalla niitä NFC-tunnisteesta sekä kommunikoimalla back endiin RESTfulAPI:n kautta. AngularJS sovellus tarjoaa pääsyn vastaavaan tietoon. Lisäksi käyttäjän todennus saavutetaan käyttämällä Googlen Identity Provideria (idP). Tässä dokumentissa on yleiskatsaus tarvittavista toimenpiteistä, joilla toteutus ja integrointi pystytään tekemään, eri alustoilla käynnissä olevilla prosesseilla AWS palveluissa.kustannustehokkaasti ja mitattavissa olevilla tasoilla. Vaikka tässä asi-akirjassa käsitellään tiettyyn projektiin liittyviä aiheita, useimpia toteutus- ja suun-nitteluohjeita voidaan myös soveltaa muihin käyttötarkoituksiin, erityisesti startup ideoille. Koska projekti sisältää sovelluksia, jotka on kehitetty eri alustoille, ainoastaan tärkeimmät prosessin näkökohdat on esitetty dokumentissa

The survey on Near Field Communication

PubMed ID: 26057043Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging short-range wireless communication technology that offers great and varied promise in services such as payment, ticketing, gaming, crowd sourcing, voting, navigation, and many others. NFC technology enables the integration of services from a wide range of applications into one single smartphone. NFC technology has emerged recently, and consequently not much academic data are available yet, although the number of academic research studies carried out in the past two years has already surpassed the total number of the prior works combined. This paper presents the concept of NFC technology in a holistic approach from different perspectives, including hardware improvement and optimization, communication essentials and standards, applications, secure elements, privacy and security, usability analysis, and ecosystem and business issues. Further research opportunities in terms of the academic and business points of view are also explored and discussed at the end of each section. This comprehensive survey will be a valuable guide for researchers and academicians, as well as for business in the NFC technology and ecosystem.Publisher's Versio

Concepts for an intuitive user interface for DLNA using NFC technology

Consumption of digital media is dramatically increased by the development of conventional connectivity technologies and the advent of home entertainment appliances. The evolution of networking technology, hardware development and advanced services leads to an increased sophistication of device manipulation and long learning curves for average users. DLNA standardizes the interoperablity between media devices over a framework. With the help of personal handheld devices and smart phones, a ubiquitous media network is formed at home or on the road. NFC is a radio technology bridging physical and digital world, which is now widely deployed in a varied number of application scenarios to ease Human-Computer Interaction. This master thesis proposes a system architecture based on the confluence of DLNA architecture and NFC technology to facilitate simple, intuitive and impromptu interaction with media devices. This NFC-enabled DLNA Communication system architecture defines a communication model which delivers the vision of NFC as the enabler of DLNA control and communication, a network model, a set of diverse device functional components, a set of dedicated devices and baseline principles of system architecture. Based on the generic system architecture, a research is explored on A/V and image media sharing, UI retrieval, media uploading/downloading and print document application fields. Six use cases are proposed, they share the properties and principles defined in the system architecture and additionally they maintain their own use case specific features and their proprietary NFC data formats. Among them two use cases are explained in more detail. One use case, A/V Handover, delivers a consistent "tap and exchange" scenario. The other use case, Control Handover, grants users an instantaneous access to the control UI. A prototype implementation between smart devices or home appliances are presented showcasing an instantaneous, rapid and spontaneous media sharing and management application. Following the design paradigm presented in this thesis, more use cases in specific application fields are easily to be implemented

NFC Android application development : uniteNFC

Virtual world is getting richer every day, everything is connected and people demand smarter devices which allow them to control any situation. New technologies are being developed, trying to integrate as many functions as possible, to deliver innovative solutions. One of this brand new technologies is NFC, which can connect devices instantly without any previous configuration, including passive devices which can store and deliver information of many kinds. The work presented here reports an Android application project development with the Near Field Communication technology. The application developed is planned to add value to the NFC environment, increasing its discoverability and consumer awareness by building up a cloud of locations in which NFC interaction can be carried out. Besides, a community of users will be created in which they will be able to share their experiences and interact between them. The application will feed from the users, being the ones both producing and consuming information. All the data of the application will be available every-time and every-where with Internet connection, as any other service does nowadays. Topics discussed in this document include Android programming, NFC, cloud services, software libraries, back-end development, integration with social networks, working methodology and details on the different development stages and tasks. A complete understanding of the system is tried to be transmitted as well. To conclude, an approach to the market will be carried out, publishing the application on Google Play and analyzing the first impressions.El mundo virtual crece cada dí a, todo está conectado y los consumidores demandan cada vez dispositivos más inteligentes que puedan controlar cualquier situación. Se est án desarrollando nuevas tecnolog ías, tratando de integrar tantas funciones como sea posible para ofrecer soluciones innovadoras. Una de estas nuevas tecnologías es NFC, que permite conectar dispositivos instantáneamente sin con guración previa. Incluso dispositivos pasivos que, sin alimentación, puedan almacenar y transmitir información. El trabajo aquí documentado trata del desarrollo de una aplicación Android con la tecnología Near Field Communication. La aplicación desarrollada tratará de añadir valor al entorno de NFC, mejorando su descubribilidad y su reconocimiento, creando una nube de localizaciones en la que se pueda realizar algún tipo de interacción con NFC. Además se creará una comunidad de usuarios en la que se compartirán experiencias y podrán interactuar entre ellos. La aplicación se alimentará de los usuarios, los cuales tanto crearán como consumirán la información. Todos los datos de la aplicación estarán disponibles en cualquier lugar y momento con conexión a Internet, como cualquier otro servicio hoy en día. Los siguientes temas van a ser analizados: programación en Android, NFC, servicios en la nube, librerías de software, desarrollo de back-end, integración con redes sociales y detalles sobre las diferentes etapas del desarrollo y sus tareas. Se intentará trasmitir una visión completa del sistema al mismo tiempo. Por ultimo, se realizará una primera aproximación al mercado, publicando la aplicación en Google Play y analizando las primeras impresiones.Ingeniería de Telecomunicació

Privacy-preserving E-ticketing Systems for Public Transport Based on RFID/NFC Technologies

Pervasive digitization of human environment has dramatically changed our everyday lives. New technologies which have become an integral part of our daily routine have deeply affected our perception of the surrounding world and have opened qualitatively new opportunities. In an urban environment, the influence of such changes is especially tangible and acute. For example, ubiquitous computing (also commonly referred to as UbiComp) is a pure vision no more and has transformed the digital world dramatically. Pervasive use of smartphones, integration of processing power into various artefacts as well as the overall miniaturization of computing devices can already be witnessed on a daily basis even by laypersons. In particular, transport being an integral part of any urban ecosystem have been affected by these changes. Consequently, public transport systems have undergone transformation as well and are currently dynamically evolving. In many cities around the world, the concept of the so-called electronic ticketing (e-ticketing) is being extensively used for issuing travel permissions which may eventually result in conventional paper-based tickets being completely phased out already in the nearest future. Opal Card in Sydney, Oyster Card in London, Touch & Travel in Germany and many more are all the examples of how well the e-ticketing has been accepted both by customers and public transport companies. Despite numerous benefits provided by such e-ticketing systems for public transport, serious privacy concern arise. The main reason lies in the fact that using these systems may imply the dramatic multiplication of digital traces left by individuals, also beyond the transport scope. Unfortunately, there has been little effort so far to explicitly tackle this issue. There is still not enough motivation and public pressure imposed on industry to invest into privacy. In academia, the majority of solutions targeted at this problem quite often limit the real-world pertinence of the resultant privacy-preserving concepts due to the fact that inherent advantages of e-ticketing systems for public transport cannot be fully leveraged. This thesis is aimed at solving the aforementioned problem by providing a privacy-preserving framework which can be used for developing e-ticketing systems for public transport with privacy protection integrated from the outset. At the same time, the advantages of e-ticketing such as fine-grained billing, flexible pricing schemes, and transparent use (which are often the main drivers for public to roll out such systems) can be retained

A framework for development of android mobile electronic prescription transfer applications in compliance with security requirements mandated by the Australian healthcare industry

This thesis investigates mobile electronic transfer of prescription (ETP) in compliance with the security requirements mandated by the Australian healthcare industry and proposes a framework for the development of an Android mobile electronic prescription transfer application. Furthermore, and based upon the findings and knowledge from constructing this framework, another framework is also derived for assessing Android mobile ETP applications for their security compliance. The centralised exchange model-based ETP solution currently used in the Australian healthcare industry is an expensive solution for on-going use. With challenges such as an aging population and the rising burden of chronic disease, the cost of the current ETP solution’s operational infrastructure is certain to rise in the future. In an environment where it is increasingly beneficial for patients to engage in and manage their own information and subsequent care, this current solution fails to offer the patient direct access to their electronic prescription information. The current system also fails to incorporate certain features that would dramatically improve the quality of the patient’s care and safety, i.e. alerts for the patient’s drug allergies, harmful dosage and script expiration. Over a decade old, the current ETP solution was essentially designed and built to meet legislation and regulatory requirements, with change-averting its highest priority. With little, if any, provision for future growth and innovation, it was not designed to cater to the needs of the ETP process. This research identifies the gap within the current ETP implementation (i.e. dependency on infrastructure, significant on-going cost and limited availability of the patient’s medication history) and proposes a framework for building a secure mobile ETP solution on the Android mobile operating system platform which will address the identified gap. The literature review part of this thesis examined the significance of ETP for the nation’s larger initiative to provide an improved and better maintainable healthcare system. The literature review also revealed the stance of each jurisdiction, from legislative and regulatory perspectives, in transitioning to the use of a fully electronic ETP solution. It identified the regulatory mandates of each jurisdiction for ETP as well as the security standards by which the current ETP implementation is iii governed so as to conform to those regulatory mandates. The literature review part of the thesis essentially identified and established how the Australian healthcare industry’s various prescription-related legislations and regulations are constructed, and the complexity of this construction for eTP. The jurisdictional regulatory mandates identified in the literature review translate into a set of security requirements. These requirements establish the basis of the guiding framework for the development of a security-compliant Android mobile ETP application. A number of experimentations were conducted focusing on the native security features of the Android operating system, as well as wireless communication technologies such as NFC and Bluetooth, in order to propose an alternative mobile ETP solution with security assurance comparable to the current ETP implementation. The employment of a proof-of-concept prototype such as this alongside / coupled with a series of iterative experimentations strengthens the validity and practicality of the proposed framework. The first experiment successfully proved that the Android operating system has sufficient encryption capabilities, in compliance with the security mandates, to secure the electronic prescription information from the data at rest perspective. The second experiment indicated that the use of NFC technology to implement the alternative transfer mechanism for exchanging electronic prescription information between ETP participating devices is not practical. The next iteration of the experimentation using Bluetooth technology proved that it can be utilised as an alternative electronic prescription transfer mechanism to the current approach using the Internet. These experiment outcomes concluded the partial but sufficient proofof- concept prototype for this research. Extensive document analysis and iterative experimentations showed that the framework constructed by this research can guide the development of an alternative mobile ETP solution with both comparable security assurance to and better access to the patient’s medication history than the current solution. This alternative solution would present no operational dependence upon infrastructure and its associated, ongoing cost to the nation’s healthcare expenditure. In addition, use of this mobile ETP alternative has the potential to change the public’s perception (i.e. acceptance from regulatory and security perspectives) of mobile healthcare solutions, thereby paving the way for further innovation and future enhancements in eHealth