Mineral exploration modeling and singularity analysis for geological feature recognition and mineral potential mapping in southeastern Yunnan mineral district, China

Nowadays, with the development in construction of geo-exploratory datasets and data processing techniques, mineral exploration modeling for recognition of mineralization associated geological features and mapping of mineral potentials become more dependent on GIS-based analysis and geo-information from multi-source datasets. Geological, geochemical and geophysical data as three main sources of geo-information in support of mineral exploration have long been employed in many researches. Spatial distributions of geological bodies or controlling factors associated with mineralization were frequently interpreted from these datasets. However, former characterizations of the controlling factors were simply focused on their location information; concerns on spatial variations of their geological signatures and controlling effects on mineralization were not sufficiently emphasized. Therefore, through a series of newly developed GIS-based manipulations, current study intends to demonstrate a comprehensive mineral exploration modeling process for more explicit recognition of controlling factors and their interactions on mineralization and delineation of hydrothermal mineral potentials in southeastern Yunnan mineral district, China. The hydrothermal mineralization as a nonlinear geo-process is accompanied with anomalous energy release and material accumulation in a narrow spatial-temporal interval. Simultaneously, it is a cascade process associated with various geological activities (e.g., magmatism, tectonism, etc.). Knowledge of these associated geo-activities is consequently beneficial to the exploration of hydrothermal mineralization. As the key point of this study, the singularity index mapping method in the context of fractal/multifractal efficient in separating geo-anomalies from both strong and weak background is applied to characterize variations of geological signatures of three controlling factors (i.e., granitic intrusions, faults and the Gejiu formation). With the guidance of multidisciplinary approaches, these geo-information derived from multi-source datasets is further integrated to produce the potential map. In comparison with traditionally used methods, the newly depicted predictor maps enhance weak geo-anomalies hidden within a strong variance of background. In addition, three geo-information integration methods including RGB composition, the principal component analysis and the weights of evidence method are implemented. By the weights of evidence method, the qualitatively and quantitatively interpretable result possessing advantages of the other two methods, simultaneously, is accepted as the final result of currently proposed mineral exploration modeling. Summarized experiences through this study will not only support future exploration in the study area, but also benefit the work in other areas

Development of Indonesian Geographical Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) Distribution Visualization Systems to Support the Improvement of People's Economy

The contribution of UMKM plays an important role in boosting manufacturing and economic growth in the country. The Ministry of Industry noted, for example, in 2013, 3.43 million UMKM rose to 3.52 million UMKM in 2014. UMKM are also able to absorb the most labor compared to other sectors. Absorption of labor in this sector in early 2016 reached 97.22 percent. In 2016. Bondowoso Regency is an area rich in natural products and handicrafts. There  are  38  thousand  UMKM  that  have  been  established  until  2016.  The  number  has exceeded the target of the Regent Amin Said Husni. But currently there is no system that can accommodate the existing UMKM and new UMKM that will emerge. Overcoming the distribution of UMKM covering one Regency, a system that is able to visualize the distribution properly is needed. This research aims to develop the Indonesian Geographical Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) Distribution Visualization Systems to Support the Improvement of People's Economy. From the test results show the system has been successfully developed, with a reference to the percentage of unit testing results is 100%, while the average value of system quality (4.54), information quality (4.51) and user satisfaction (4.52)

Development of Geographic Information System (GIS) Spread of The Dangerous Diseases in Jember District

Jember has an area of 3,293.34 km2 with an altitude between 0 - 3.330 masl. Climate Jember Regency is tropical with temperature range between 23oC - 32oC. Such a climate Jember is  susceptible  to  tropical  diseases  such  as  Tuberculosis,  Diphtheria,  Pertussis,  Tetanus neonatorum, Leprosy, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Measles, HIV-AIDS, Malaria and Filariasis. Potential diseases that may arise in an area to be a challenge for the parties concerned to prevent and to overcome, this is related to the readiness of personnel and medical materials, as well as coverage prevention or coverage of prevention. That conditions resulted in many GIS (Geographic Information System) researches to resolve the issue. GIS is used because it has the ability to properly visualize the spread, have good visual presentation of data that more easily analyzed, interpreted and arrange a prevention strategy or handling. This study aims to develop GIS spread of disease in Jember District. So with the GIS developed research hopes to be widely used either for the general public or the government to prepare a plan for prevention or treatment of disease in Jember District

Multi-scale interactions of geological processes during mineralization: cascade dynamics model and multifractal simulation

Relations between mineralization and certain geological processes are established mostly by geologist's knowledge of field observations. However, these relations are descriptive and a quantitative model of how certain geological processes strengthen or hinder mineralization is not clear, that is to say, the mechanism of the interactions between mineralization and the geological framework has not been thoroughly studied. The dynamics behind these interactions are key in the understanding of fractal or multifractal formations caused by mineralization, among which singularities arise due to anomalous concentration of metals in narrow space. From a statistical point of view, we think that cascade dynamics play an important role in mineralization and studying them can reveal the nature of the various interactions throughout the process. We have constructed a multiplicative cascade model to simulate these dynamics. The probabilities of mineral deposit occurrences are used to represent direct results of mineralization. Multifractal simulation of probabilities of mineral potential based on our model is exemplified by a case study dealing with hydrothermal gold deposits in southern Nova Scotia, Canada. The extent of the impacts of certain geological processes on gold mineralization is related to the scale of the cascade process, especially to the maximum cascade division number <i>n</i><sub>max</sub>. Our research helps to understand how the singularity occurs during mineralization, which remains unanswered up to now, and the simulation may provide a more accurate distribution of mineral deposit occurrences that can be used to improve the results of the weights of evidence model in mapping mineral potential

Geo-information identification for exploring non-stationary relationships between volcanic sedimentary Fe mineralization and controlling factors in an area with overburden in eastern Tianshan region, China

GIS-based spatial analysis has been a common practice in mineral exploration, by which mineral potentials can be delineated to support following sequences of exploration. Mineral potential mapping is generally composed of geo-information extraction and integration. Geological anomalies frequently indicate mineralization. Volcanic sedimentary Fe deposits in eastern Tianshan mineral district, China provide an example of such an indication. However, mineral exploration in this area has been impeded by the desert coverage and geo-anomalies indicative to the presence of mineralization are often weak and may not be efficiently identified by traditional exploring methods. Furthermore, geological guidance regarding to spatially non-stationary relationships between Fe mineralization and its controlling factors were not sufficiently concerned in former studies, which limited the application of proper statistics in mineral exploration. In this dissertation, geochemical distributions associated with controlling factors of the Fe mineralization are characterized by various GIS-based spatial analysis methods. The singularity index mapping technique is attempted to separate geochemical anomalies from background, especially in the desert covered areas. Principal component analysis is further used in integrating the geochemical anomalies to identify geo-information of geological bodies or geological activities associated with Fe mineralization. In order to delineate mineral potentials, spatially weighted principal component analysis with more geological guidance is tried to integrate these identified controlling factors. At the end, as the first time been introduced to mineral exploration, a geographically weighted regression method is currently attempted investigate spatially non-stationary interrelationships presented across the space. Based on the results, superimposition of these controlling factors can be qualitatively and quantitatively summarized that provides a constructive geo-information to Fe mineral exploration in this area. From the practices in this dissertation, GIS-based mineral exploration will not only be efficient in mapping mineral potentials but also be supportive to strategies making of following mineral exploration. All of these experiences can be suggested to future mineral exploration in the other regions

11th International Coral Reef Symposium Proceedings

A defining theme of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium was that the news for coral reef ecosystems are far from encouraging. Climate change happens now much faster than in an ice-age transition, and coral reefs continue to suffer fever-high temperatures as well as sour ocean conditions. Corals may be falling behind, and there appears to be no special silver bullet remedy. Nevertheless, there are hopeful signs that we should not despair. Reef ecosystems respond vigorously to protective measures and alleviation of stress. For concerned scientists, managers, conservationists, stakeholders, students, and citizens, there is a great role to play in continuing to report on the extreme threat that climate change represents to earth’s natural systems. Urgent action is needed to reduce CO2 emissions. In the interim, we can and must buy time for coral reefs through increased protection from sewage, sediment, pollutants, overfishing, development, and other stressors, all of which we know can damage coral health. The time to act is now. The canary in the coral-coal mine is dead, but we still have time to save the miners. We need effective management rooted in solid interdisciplinary science and coupled with stakeholder buy in, working at local, regional, and international scales alongside global efforts to give reefs a chance.https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_icrs/1000/thumbnail.jp