99,077 research outputs found
Lessons Learned from a Decade of Providing Interactive, On-Demand High Performance Computing to Scientists and Engineers
For decades, the use of HPC systems was limited to those in the physical
sciences who had mastered their domain in conjunction with a deep understanding
of HPC architectures and algorithms. During these same decades, consumer
computing device advances produced tablets and smartphones that allow millions
of children to interactively develop and share code projects across the globe.
As the HPC community faces the challenges associated with guiding researchers
from disciplines using high productivity interactive tools to effective use of
HPC systems, it seems appropriate to revisit the assumptions surrounding the
necessary skills required for access to large computational systems. For over a
decade, MIT Lincoln Laboratory has been supporting interactive, on-demand high
performance computing by seamlessly integrating familiar high productivity
tools to provide users with an increased number of design turns, rapid
prototyping capability, and faster time to insight. In this paper, we discuss
the lessons learned while supporting interactive, on-demand high performance
computing from the perspectives of the users and the team supporting the users
and the system. Building on these lessons, we present an overview of current
needs and the technical solutions we are building to lower the barrier to entry
for new users from the humanities, social, and biological sciences.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, First Workshop on Interactive High Performance
Computing (WIHPC) 2018 held in conjunction with ISC High Performance 2018 in
Frankfurt, German
The Scalability-Efficiency/Maintainability-Portability Trade-off in Simulation Software Engineering: Examples and a Preliminary Systematic Literature Review
Large-scale simulations play a central role in science and the industry.
Several challenges occur when building simulation software, because simulations
require complex software developed in a dynamic construction process. That is
why simulation software engineering (SSE) is emerging lately as a research
focus. The dichotomous trade-off between scalability and efficiency (SE) on the
one hand and maintainability and portability (MP) on the other hand is one of
the core challenges. We report on the SE/MP trade-off in the context of an
ongoing systematic literature review (SLR). After characterizing the issue of
the SE/MP trade-off using two examples from our own research, we (1) review the
33 identified articles that assess the trade-off, (2) summarize the proposed
solutions for the trade-off, and (3) discuss the findings for SSE and future
work. Overall, we see evidence for the SE/MP trade-off and first solution
approaches. However, a strong empirical foundation has yet to be established;
general quantitative metrics and methods supporting software developers in
addressing the trade-off have to be developed. We foresee considerable future
work in SSE across scientific communities.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for presentation at the Fourth
International Workshop on Software Engineering for High Performance Computing
in Computational Science and Engineering (SEHPCCSE 2016
Profiling a decade of information systems frontiers’ research
This article analyses the first ten years of research published in the Information Systems Frontiers (ISF) from 1999 to 2008. The analysis of the published material includes examining variables such as most productive authors, citation analysis, universities associated with the most publications, geographic diversity, authors’ backgrounds and research methods. The keyword analysis suggests that ISF research has evolved from establishing concepts and domain of information systems (IS), technology and management to contemporary issues such as outsourcing, web services and security. The analysis presented in this paper has identified intellectually significant studies that have contributed to the development and accumulation of intellectual wealth of ISF. The analysis has also identified authors published in other journals whose work largely shaped and guided the researchers published in ISF. This research has implications for researchers, journal editors, and research institutions
Labour productivity change: drivers, business impact and macroeconomic moderators
This paper focuses on the operational drivers of labour productivity changes. We consider two sets of
drivers: a) current working practices b) changes in working practices through management programs.
The relationship between these two sets of drivers and productivity changes are analysed. We also
investigate the importance of productivity growth by looking at the impact of labour productivity
changes on business performance changes. Finally, the moderating effects of industry and country on
the use of drivers of productivity changes are examined. Data from an international survey, IMSS-IV,
are used for the analysis
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Centralized vs. decentralized computing : organizational considerations and management options
The long-standing debate over whether to centralize or decentralize computing is examined in terms of the fundamental organizational and economic factors at stake. The traditional debate is examined and found to focus predominantly on issues of efficiency vs. effectiveness, with solutions based on a rationalistic strategy of optimizing in this tradeoff. A more behavioralistic assessment suggests that the driving issues in the debate are the politics of organization and resources, centering on the issue of control. The economics of computing deployment decisions is presented as an important issue, but one that often serves as a field of argument that is based on more political concerns. The current situation facing managers of computing, given the advent of small and comparatively inexpensive computers, is examined in detail, and a set of management options for dealing with this persistent issue is presented
The development of computer science research in the People's Republic of China 2000-2009: A bibliometric study
This paper reports a bibliometric study of the development of computer science research in the People's Republic of China in the 21st century, using data from the Web of Science, Journal Citation Reports and CORE databases. Focusing on the areas of data mining, operating systems and web design, it is shown that whilst the productivity of Chinese research has risen dramatically over the period under review, its impact is still low when compared with established scientific nations such as the USA, the UK and Japan. The publication and citation data for China are compared with corresponding data for the other three BRIC nations (Brazil, Russian and India). It is shown that China dominates the BRIC nations in terms of both publications and citations, but that Indian publications often have a greater individual impact. © The Author(s) 2012
Dynamics and constraints of state-led global city formation in emerging economies: The case of Shanghai
This article seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the role of the state in influencing the formation of global cities in emerging economies, and highlights the complexity of this role due to challenging external environment, divergent interests of the state actors, and the socio-economic and institutional constraints that these actors are under. At an empirical level, it examines the progress of Shanghai in its state-led development as an emerging global city and the respective roles of the nationalcentral and local states in this process
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