The diffusion/adoption of innovation in the internal market

The main aim of the present study is to analyze the drivers of innovation adoption by (i) developing proper measures able to proxy for innovation adoption and internal market regulations, (ii) identifying the channels through which innovation adoption takes place and (iii) assessing the main determinants of this adoption process within the internal market. An original model is derived from the theoretical literature on innovation diffusion. Results show that the impact of the transmission channels on innovation adoption is especially important for cooperation, leaving trade and competition as apparently minor channels of innovation diffusion (and especially depending on the type of innovation adoption under examination). The overall result argues that more cooperation across firms and countries is going to be beneficial to the process of innovation adoption.The Diffusion/Adoption of Innovation in the Internal Market, Community Innovation Survey, Micro Data, Cooperation, Trade, Competition, Suriñach, Autant-Bernard, Manca, Massard, Moreno

ICT in Latin America: A Microdata Analysis

This book is the final report of the ECLAC-IDRC project Observatory for the Information Society in Latin American and the Caribbean (OSILAC), Third Phase”. OSILAC III is a cooperating project between the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Division of Production, Productivity and Management, ECLAC-UN, which aims at understanding the dynamics of the ICT evolution and revolution and producing evidence on its potential to support socio-economic development, particularly in developing countries. As such, microdata analysis drawn from National Household Surveys and National Innovation Surveys in Latin America were used in the framework of the project in the attempt to reach those objectives Both statistical information sources provide attractive potentialities in order to investigate not only determinants of innovation activities and technology diffusion, but also its economic impacts.ICT, Innovation, Productivity

Economic Structure and Economic Growth Evaluation

Economic structure encompasses the composition of growth determinants of each industry and their aggregation to the growth of the gross value added in the present dissertation. Changes in the composition of determinants impact the growth rate of the individual industries and the total economy. Industrial growth determinants are composed of hours worked and particular labour productivity constituents. The growth determinants of different economies are central to both the research and political agendas. The main object of the present research is the determinants of industrial growth and their impact for economic growth. The main goal of the dissertation is to estimate the composition of industrial growth determinants and evaluate their impact on the growth of the total economy. The dissertation encompasses the following tasks: to research industrial performance and economic growth interrelations; to evaluate critically the methods of labour productivity measurement, to ground the reasons of the new method application and its improvement possibilities; to compose a methodology, in order to estimate industrial growth determinants and labour productivity constituents for the growth of the total economy; to apply the methodology for countries researched; to perform a comparative analysis of Lithuania in the context of more developed countries. The dissertation consists of an introduction, three chapters, general conclusions, references, summary in Lithuania, a list of publications by the author on the topic of the dissertation and three annexes. The introduction presents the investigated problem, the relevance of the dissertation, the object and the aim of the research, describes the research methodology used for the task, the scientific importance of the research, the results which are of practical significance and the statements to be defended. Chapter 1 presents a theoretical studio of industrial performance and economic growth attitudes. Chapter 2 presents the main groups of methods for estimating industrial labour productivity. Chapter 3 presents the newly composed methodology and empirical estimation results of Lithuania in the context of more developed countries. The general conclusions are presented at the end of the dissertation. Ten articles focusing on the subject of the dissertation have been published: eight articles were published in scientific journals, two articles – in other editions. Three presentations on the thesis have been presented at the Business management faculty of Vilnius Gediminas technical university during seminars for doctoral students, and a further two at international conferences. Discussions on the calculations have been carried out during a scientific internship (16/09/2014–16/11/2014) at the IVIE research centre (Valencia, Spain) and at the University of Valencia (Valencia, Spain) with researchers after the presentations had been given

Innovative entrepreneurship

The textbook is prepared by a team of authors who are participants of the international TEMPUS Project «ICo-op». The textbook contains materials for studying of key components of modern innovative entrepreneurship: organization forms of innovative enterprise, methods to HR management and practical applications of creative thinking, forms and strategy of bussines – planning, innovation management in enterprise, management & protection of intellectual property and formation of the risk management approaches. For students and teachers of Universities and for entrepreneurs-innovators

Innovative entrepreneurship

The textbook is prepared by a team of authors who are participants of the international TEMPUS Project «ICo-op». The textbook contains materials for studying of key components of modern innovative entrepreneurship: organization forms of innovative enterprise, methods to HR management and practical applications of creative thinking, forms and strategy of bussines – planning, innovation management in enterprise, management & protection of intellectual property and formation of the risk management approaches. For students and teachers of Universities and for entrepreneurs-innovators

Racing to the bottom or seeking legitimacy? National environmental performance and the location strategies of Chinese MNEs

This paper studies the extent to which the international location patterns of Chinese MNEs privilege economies with environmentally sustainable practices. We develop a theoretical framework confronting the traditional race-to-the-bottom arguments with the Chinese MNEs' need to gain legitimacy abroad and signal their global citizenship. We also examine a set of conditioning factors pertaining to the heterogeneity of both host countries and firms, to explore potential sources of ethical pluralism in Chinese MNEs' location strategies. Empirically, we study 948 greenfield investments in manufacturing undertaken by Chinese companies in 82 countries over the 2013–2019 period. Our results suggest that Chinese MNEs may feed a downward spiral by favouring locations with fragile ecosystem vitality, that is, a weak sustainable use of natural resources with the consequent erosion of environmental quality. This result is driven by Chinese FDI in developing countries and locations with fragile institutional setting. Furthermore, the attracting force of a degraded environmental situation holds especially for Chinese MNEs operating in most polluting sectors and with private ownership

Analysis of manufacturing operations using knowledge- Enriched aggregate process planning

Knowledge-Enriched Aggregate Process Planning is concerned with the problem of supporting agile design and manufacture by making process planning feedback integral to the design function. A novel Digital Enterprise Technology framework (Maropoulos 2003) provides the technical context and is the basis for the integration of the methods with existing technologies for enterprise-wide product development. The work is based upon the assertion that, to assure success when developing new products, the technical and qualitative evaluation of process plans must be carried out as early as possible. An intelligent exploration methodology is presented for the technical evaluation of the many alternative manufacturing options which are feasible during the conceptual and embodiment design phases. 'Data resistant' aggregate product, process and resource models are the foundation of these planning methods. From the low-level attributes of these models, aggregate methods to generate suitable alternative process plans and estimate Quality, Cost and Delivery (QCD) have been created. The reliance on QCD metrics in process planning neglects the importance of tacit knowledge that people use to make everyday decisions and express their professional judgement in design. Hence, the research also advances the core aggregate planning theories by developing knowledge-enrichment methods for measuring and analysing qualitative factors as an additional indicator of manufacturing performance, which can be used to compute the potential of a process plan. The application of these methods allows the designer to make a comparative estimation of manufacturability for design alternatives. Ultimately, this research should translate into significant reductions in both design costs and product development time and create synergy between the product design and the manufacturing system that will be used to make it. The efficacy of the methodology was proved through the development of an experimental computer system (called CAPABLE Space) which used real industrial data, from a leading UK satellite manufacturer to validate the industrial benefits and promote the commercial exploitation of the research

Persistence and ability in the innovation decisions

The main concern of this paper is to analyse the complementarities between the decisions to carry out both product and process innovations. We also try to identify the main determinants of the innovation activity as well as to separate the experience effect of the firm (capacities, routines as organization) from the experience effect of the manager (skills, abilities). It has been common when facing the study of technological change, to consider innovation as a homogeneous activity. The main analyses have focused on the determinants of such activity trying to explain decisions, counts or R and D expenses in the context of a unique activity. Several recent works, however, are worried about the possibility of analysing innovation distinguishing among different types according to the final purpose of this activity. We focus on two different decisions, product and process innovations, using typical discrete choice specifications (univariate and bivariate models) and also binary choice models with heterogeneity. Among the results, we find complementary but asymmetric effects concerning both decisions in static models even controlling heterogeneity. We also test whether the persistence in conducting innovation activities matter. We do so in an extensive database that provides information about manufacturing firms. Our results point towards the importance of both ability of the manager (unobserved heterogeneity) and experience of the firm (dynamics in the equation indicator)

Internet and enterprise productivity: evidence from Latin America

This paper tests three hypotheses regarding the link between internet and firm productivity: i) internet adoption and use constitute a source of productivity growth for firms in Latin America, ii) the intensity of its use also matters, and iii) the link between the new technologies and productivity levels is not uniform over the whole productivity distribution. The evidence in this paper fills the gap of scarce and fragmented literature focused on Latin America, and is aligned with previous research for more developed regions which has generally recognized that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have radically changed how modern business are conducted, benefitting firm performances through several channels, such as increasing the efficiency of internal processes, expanding market reach or increasing innovation. Our findings suggest that low-medium productive firms benefit more from an expansion in internet adoption and use, in comparison with the most productive ones. If this evidence is supposed to reflect long-term effects, then public policies oriented to massify internet adoption and promote internet use intensively will surely contribute to reduce inequalities of enterprise’s productivity levels, promoting a level playing field among Latin American firms, something especially relevant for the most unequal region of the world

Cluster Industrial Policies as Tools for Economic Development: The Metallurgical Cluster & Economic Development of East Kazakhstan Region

Innovation performance attracts more and more researchers´ and policymakers´ attention. Today innovation is a key ingredient for rapid and sustainable growth of country. However, if the empirical studies of innovation performance are well discussed in developed countries, there are no many based on developing countries experience. One of the reasons is a low demand for such studies due to a poor quality of statistical data, which makes difficult to rely on (The World Bank. Global Statistical Strategy). Therefore, the research results and conclusion of our study are introduced with some adjustments, taking into account the data imperfections. To fill this research gap was the main motivation of this study