Fair uplink bandwidth allocation and latency guarantee for mobile WiMAX using fuzzy adaptive deficit round robin

The explosive demands of rich media applications with their diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements have continuously fuelled the needs for ever more powerful networks. One example of such a network is called WiMAX which is driven by WiMAX Forum based on IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN standard. One of the issues that still remain open in WiMAX is the scheduling algorithm that goes to meet the QoS requirements. However, QoS provisioning of real-time and non real-time applications are frequently unstable due to insufficient allocation of bandwidth, which leads to degradation in latency guarantee and deterioration of overall system utilization. In this paper, an efficient bandwidth allocation algorithm for the uplink traffic in mobile WiMAX is proposed. Using intelligent systems approach upon the traffic service class information served by the base station (BS), an adaptive deadline-based scheme is designed. The scheme is fully dynamic to guarantee a specific maximum latency for real-time applications, besides improving fairness and throughput, giving due considerations to non real-time applications. The algorithm uses fuzzy logic control which is embedded in the scheduler; its function is to control and dynamically update the bandwidth required by the various service classes according to their respective priorities, maximum latency and throughput. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm manages to optimize the overall system utilization while at the same time guarantee the maximum latency requirements for real-time traffic

Portfolio peak algorithms achieving superior performance for maximizing throughput in WiMAX networks

The Mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16 standards ensure provision of last mile wireless access, variable and high data rate, point to multi-point communication, large frequency range and QoS (Quality of Service) for various types of applications. The WiMAX standards are published by the Institute of Electric and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and specify the standards of services and transmissions. However, the way how to run these services and when the transmission should be started are not specified in the IEEE standards and it is up to computer scientists to design scheduling algorithms that can best meet the standards. Finding the best way to implement the WiMAX standards through designing efficient scheduler algorithms is a very important component in wireless systems and the scheduling period presents the most common challenging issue in terms of throughput and time delay. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to design and develop an efficient scheduling algorithm to provide the QoS support for real-time and non-real-time services with the WiMAX Network. This was achieved by combining a portfolio of algorithms, which will control and update transmission with the required algorithm by the various portfolios for supporting QoS such as; the guarantee of a maximum throughput for real-time and non-real-time traffic. Two algorithms were designed in this process and will be discussed in this thesis: Fixed Portfolio Algorithms and Portfolio Peak Algorithm. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithms and test their efficiency for IEEE 802.16 networks, the authors simulated the algorithms in the NS2 simulator. Evaluation of the proposed Portfolio algorithms was carried out through comparing its performance with those of the conventional algorithms. On the other hand, the proposed Portfolio scheduling algorithm was evaluated by comparing its performance in terms of throughput, delay, and jitter. The simulation results suggest that the Fixed Portfolio Algorithms and the Portfolio Peak Algorithm achieve higher performance in terms of throughput than all other algorithms. Keywords: WiMAX, IEEE802.16, QoS, Scheduling Algorithms, Fixed Portfolio Algorithms, and Portfolio Peak Algorithms.The Mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16 standards ensure provision of last mile wireless access, variable and high data rate, point to multi-point communication, large frequency range and QoS (Quality of Service) for various types of applications. The WiMAX standards are published by the Institute of Electric and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and specify the standards of services and transmissions. However, the way how to run these services and when the transmission should be started are not specified in the IEEE standards and it is up to computer scientists to design scheduling algorithms that can best meet the standards. Finding the best way to implement the WiMAX standards through designing efficient scheduler algorithms is a very important component in wireless systems and the scheduling period presents the most common challenging issue in terms of throughput and time delay. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to design and develop an efficient scheduling algorithm to provide the QoS support for real-time and non-real-time services with the WiMAX Network. This was achieved by combining a portfolio of algorithms, which will control and update transmission with the required algorithm by the various portfolios for supporting QoS such as; the guarantee of a maximum throughput for real-time and non-real-time traffic. Two algorithms were designed in this process and will be discussed in this thesis: Fixed Portfolio Algorithms and Portfolio Peak Algorithm. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithms and test their efficiency for IEEE 802.16 networks, the authors simulated the algorithms in the NS2 simulator. Evaluation of the proposed Portfolio algorithms was carried out through comparing its performance with those of the conventional algorithms. On the other hand, the proposed Portfolio scheduling algorithm was evaluated by comparing its performance in terms of throughput, delay, and jitter. The simulation results suggest that the Fixed Portfolio Algorithms and the Portfolio Peak Algorithm achieve higher performance in terms of throughput than all other algorithms. Keywords: WiMAX, IEEE802.16, QoS, Scheduling Algorithms, Fixed Portfolio Algorithms, and Portfolio Peak Algorithms

An improved resource allocation scheme for WiMAX using channel information

In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in wireless communication systems to provide wireless coverage to end users at different data rates. WiMAX technology provides wireless broadband access over an extended coverage area in both fixed and mobility environments. Most of the existing resource allocation schemes allocate resources based on respective service class of the incoming users’ requests. However, due to variation in channel conditions, user mobility and diverse resource requirements QoS based resource allocation either results in over or under utilization of allocated resources. Therefore, resource allocation is a challenging task in WiMAX. This research proposes an improved resource management mechanism that performs resource allocation by taking into consideration not only the user service class but also the respective channel status. Based on these two parameters, this research aims to achieve improved resource allocation in terms of resource utilization, fairness and network throughput. First, a Channel Based Resource Allocation scheme is introduced where priority in resource allocation is given to users’ requests with relatively higher service classes and better channel status. To maintain fairness in resource allocation process, a Fair Resource Allocation Based Service mechanism is developed where priority is given to users’ requests having less additional resources demand. Finally, to improve throughput of the network, a Channel Based Throughput Improvement approach is proposed which dynamically selects a threshold level of channel gain based on individual channel gain of users. During resource allocation process, users above the threshold level are selected for resource allocation such that priority is given to users with high channel gain. Different simulation scenario results reveal an overall improved resource utilization from 87% to 91% and the throughput improves up to 15% when compared to existing schemes. In conclusion the performance of resource utilization is improved if channel status is considered as an input parameter

Quality of service differentiation for multimedia delivery in wireless LANs

Delivering multimedia content to heterogeneous devices over a variable networking environment while maintaining high quality levels involves many technical challenges. The research reported in this thesis presents a solution for Quality of Service (QoS)-based service differentiation when delivering multimedia content over the wireless LANs. This thesis has three major contributions outlined below: 1. A Model-based Bandwidth Estimation algorithm (MBE), which estimates the available bandwidth based on novel TCP and UDP throughput models over IEEE 802.11 WLANs. MBE has been modelled, implemented, and tested through simulations and real life testing. In comparison with other bandwidth estimation techniques, MBE shows better performance in terms of error rate, overhead, and loss. 2. An intelligent Prioritized Adaptive Scheme (iPAS), which provides QoS service differentiation for multimedia delivery in wireless networks. iPAS assigns dynamic priorities to various streams and determines their bandwidth share by employing a probabilistic approach-which makes use of stereotypes. The total bandwidth to be allocated is estimated using MBE. The priority level of individual stream is variable and dependent on stream-related characteristics and delivery QoS parameters. iPAS can be deployed seamlessly over the original IEEE 802.11 protocols and can be included in the IEEE 802.21 framework in order to optimize the control signal communication. iPAS has been modelled, implemented, and evaluated via simulations. The results demonstrate that iPAS achieves better performance than the equal channel access mechanism over IEEE 802.11 DCF and a service differentiation scheme on top of IEEE 802.11e EDCA, in terms of fairness, throughput, delay, loss, and estimated PSNR. Additionally, both objective and subjective video quality assessment have been performed using a prototype system. 3. A QoS-based Downlink/Uplink Fairness Scheme, which uses the stereotypes-based structure to balance the QoS parameters (i.e. throughput, delay, and loss) between downlink and uplink VoIP traffic. The proposed scheme has been modelled and tested through simulations. The results show that, in comparison with other downlink/uplink fairness-oriented solutions, the proposed scheme performs better in terms of VoIP capacity and fairness level between downlink and uplink traffic

Buffer De-bloating in Wireless Access Networks

PhDExcessive buffering brings a new challenge into the networks which is known as Bufferbloat, which is harmful to delay sensitive applications. Wireless access networks consist of Wi-Fi and cellular networks. In the thesis, the performance of CoDel and RED are investigated in Wi-Fi networks with different types of traffic. Results show that CoDel and RED work well in Wi-Fi networks, due to the similarity of protocol structures of Wi-Fi and wired networks. It is difficult for RED to tune parameters in cellular networks because of the time-varying channel. CoDel needs modifications as it drops the first packet of queue and the head packet in cellular networks will be segmented. The major contribution of this thesis is that three new AQM algorithms tailored to cellular networks are proposed to alleviate large queuing delays. A channel quality aware AQM is proposed using the CQI. The proposed algorithm is tested with a single cell topology and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the average queuing delay for each user by 40% on average with TCP traffic compared to CoDel. A QoE aware AQM is proposed for VoIP traffic. Drops and delay are monitored and turned into QoE by mathematical models. The proposed algorithm is tested in NS3 and compared with CoDel, and it enhances the QoE of VoIP traffic and the average endto- end delay is reduced by more than 200 ms when multiple users with different CQI compete for the wireless channel. A random back-off AQM is proposed to alleviate the queuing delay created by video in cellular networks. The proposed algorithm monitors the play-out buffer and postpones the request of the next packet. The proposed algorithm is tested in various scenarios and it outperforms CoDel by 18% in controlling the average end-to-end delay when users have different channel conditions

An assessment of quality, class and grade of service (QoS, CoS and GoS) over worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMax) networks through performance evaluation of bandwidth

The Dwesa WiMAX network provides broadband communications over wireless connectivity for various types of multimedia traffic, such as emailing, browsing, VoIP, file transfer, etc. to the community members. The community members of Dwesa use schools’ computer labs to access the network and generate the aforementioned multimedia packets on dedicated timeslots and thus cause network congestion during such timeslots. Against this background, WiMAX implementation has faced several challenges in living up to its objectives in RMAs. Quality of Service (QoS) degradation as a result of high traffic demands remains one of the challenges thwarting WiMAX implementation. The GoS is also bound to get compromised as connectivity demands arise consistently with more subscribers connecting to the network, making it difficult to measure the success a subscriber is expected to have in accessing the network. The CoS and SchedType play a significant role in the redistribution of the available bandwidth to all bandwidth requests. This research project exploits this avenue to assess the resultant degradation of QoS and GoS caused by the inconsistent availability of bandwidth as redistributed by the CoS combination with a SchedType. The four CoS which are, namely, the UGS, rtPS, nrtPS and BE were implemented with the different SchedTypes, namely, MBQOS, FCFS and rtPS. Although the implementation process was conducted in a simulated environment using NS-3, the simulated network emulated the network setup implemented in Dwesa. The outcomes of the implementation suggests that certain combinations of the CoS’s with SchedTypes can lead to degradation of QoS whilst some combinations can redistribute the available bandwidth to ensure the provisioning of guaranteed QoS

Mechanisms for quality of service provision in IEEE 802.16 networks

Orientador: Nelson Luis Saldanha da FonsecaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ComputaçãoResumo: O padrão IEEE 802.16 para acesso sem fio em banda larga, também conhecido como WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Forum), é uma solução de baixo custo para o acesso à Internet em áreas metropolitanas e rurais. Outro atrativo desta tecnologia está no fato de incluir uma arquitetura para provisão de Qualidade de Serviço (QoS) para aplicações de tempo real e aplicações que demandam altas taxas de transmissão. Esta arquitetura de QoS inclui um mecanismo de sinalização entre a estação base e as estações cliente, cinco níveis de serviço, para priorização e diferenciação do tráfego, um mecanismo de escalonamento e um mecanismo de controle de admissão de novas conexões. Entretanto, as políticas que devem ser utilizadas na implementação dos mecanismos de escalonamento e controle de admissão não foram definidas pelo padrão. O mecanismo de escalonamento tem como objetivo garantir a banda passante requisitada pelas estações cliente bem como promover o uso eficiente do enlace sem fio, equanto o mecanismo de controle de admissão restringe o número de conexões simultaneamente presentes na rede, de forma a evitar a saturação do enlace sem fio e, conseqüentemente, a violação dos requisitos de QoS. Esta tese propõe políticas para os mecanismos de escalonamento e de controle de admissão para a provisão de QoS em redes baseadas no padrão IEEE 802.16. A política de escalonamento proposta nesta tese é compatível com as especificações do padrão IEEE 802.16 e é capaz de atender os cinco tipos de serviço bem como o conjunto de parâmetros de QoS a eles associado. Requisitos de latência máxima e taxa mínima são garantidos para cada conexão aceita na rede, sem que os limites impostos pelos requisitos de taxa máxima e tamanho máximo da rajada sejam violados. Cinco soluções são propostas para o mecanismo de controle de admissão. Estas soluções visam atingir três objetivos principais: restringir o número de conexões simultaneamente presentes na rede para que o escalonador tenha recursos suficientes para atender os requisitos de QoS de cada conexão, atender as expectativas do provedor de serviço através da maximização do lucro e maximizar a satisfação dos usuários através da disponibilização de recursos extras. As soluções propostas foram avaliadas através de experimentos de simulação, utilizando um módulo para simulação de redes IEEE 802.16 desenvolvido para conduzir esta pesquisaAbstract: The IEEE 802.16 standard for broadband wireless access, also known as WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Forum), is a low cost solution for Internet access in metropolitan and rural areas. Another advantage of this technology is the fact that it includes an architecture for the provision of Quality of Service (QoS) for real time and bandwidth demanding applications. This QoS architecture includes a signaling mechanism between base station and subcriber stations, five types of service, for traffic priorization and differentiation, a scheduling mechanism and a connection admission control mechanism. However, policies for the implementation of these mechanisms are not defined by the standard. The scheduling mechanism aims at guaranteeing the bandwidth required by the subscriber stations as well as enabling the efficient wireless link usage, while the connection admission control restricts the number of users simultaneously present in the network so as to avoid the wireless link saturation and, consequently, violation of QoS contracts. This theses proposes policies for scheduling and connection admission control mechanisms for the provision of QoS in IEEE 802.16 networks. The proposed scheduling policy is standard compliant and supports the five types of service as well as the QoS parameters associated with them. Maximum latency and minimum rate requirements are guaranteed without violating maximum rate and maximum traffic burst requirements. Five solutions are proposed for the connection admission control mechanism. These solutions aim to support three main goals: to restrict the number of simultaneous connections in the system so that the resources available to the scheduler are sufficient to guarantee the QoS requirements of each connection, to support the service provider expectations by maximizing the revenue, and to maximize the users satisfaction by providing extra resources. The proposed solutions were evaluated through simulation experiments using a module for the simulation of IEEE 802.16 networks developed to conduct this researchDoutoradoRedes de ComputadoresDoutor em Ciência da Computaçã

Intelligent Circuits and Systems

ICICS-2020 is the third conference initiated by the School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering at Lovely Professional University that explored recent innovations of researchers working for the development of smart and green technologies in the fields of Energy, Electronics, Communications, Computers, and Control. ICICS provides innovators to identify new opportunities for the social and economic benefits of society.　 This conference bridges the gap between academics and R&D institutions, social visionaries, and experts from all strata of society to present their ongoing research activities and foster research relations between them. It provides opportunities for the exchange of new ideas, applications, and experiences in the field of smart technologies and finding global partners for future collaboration. The ICICS-2020 was conducted in two broad categories, Intelligent Circuits & Intelligent Systems and Emerging Technologies in Electrical Engineering

NOTIFICATION !!!

All the content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition

NOTIFICATION !!!

All the content of this special edition is retrieved from the conference proceedings published by the European Scientific Institute, ESI. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/pages/view/books The European Scientific Journal, ESJ, after approval from the publisher re publishes the papers in a Special edition