On Birthing Dancing Stars: The Need for Bounded Chaos in Information Interaction

While computers causing chaos is acommon social trope, nearly the entirety of the history of computing is dedicated to generating order. Typical interactive information retrieval tasks ask computers to support the traversal and exploration of large, complex information spaces. The implicit assumption is that they are to support users in simplifying the complexity (i.e. in creating order from chaos). But for some types of task, particularly those that involve the creative application or synthesis of knowledge or the creation of new knowledge, this assumption may be incorrect. It is increasingly evident that perfect order—and the systems we create with it—support highly-structured information tasks well, but provide poor support for less-structured tasks.We need digital information environments that help create a little more chaos from order to spark creative thinking and knowledge creation. This paper argues for the need for information systems that offerwhat we term ‘bounded chaos’, and offers research directions that may support the creation of such interface

Interaction design for personal photo management on a mobile device

This chapter explores some of the technological elements that will greatly enhance user interaction with personal photos on mobile devices in the near future. It reviews major technological innovations that have taken place in recent years which are contributing to reshaping people’s personal photo management behaviour and thus their needs, and presents an overview of the major design issues in supporting these for mobile access. It then introduces the currently very active research area of content-based image analysis and context-awareness. These technologies are becoming an important factor in improving mobile interaction by assisting automatic annotation and organisation of photos, thus reducing the chore of manual input on mobile devices. Considering the pace of the rapid increases in the number of digital photos stored on our digital cameras, camera phones and online photoware sites, the authors believe that the subsequent benefits from this line of research will become a crucial factor in helping to design efficient and satisfying mobile interfaces for personal photo management systems

Astronomy News Explorer in use of Curatorial Platform for Knowledge and Content Management of Science Education

[[abstract]]Curators wonder if the research institution’s news can be gathered efficiently, and how past news can be obtained more conveniently. The point is how to use a different perspective to search for news. To immediately read associated news with an easy browsing tool is necessary. This paper proposes a Curatorial Content Management System (CCMS) to structure news management activities for science museum curators. This system represents astronomy news collecting and news organized interactions in a way suitable for both technical oriented implementations and astronomy materials supporting. It is an interactive system that creates an interface between the curator’s knowledge and the information of astronomical expertise. By this option, curators can acquire the information of the distances and quantities of the news. Moreover, the authors analyzed the presented drawbacks of some web-based news browsing environments and describe how the nature of the system can avoid the existing problems upon news implementation.[[booktype]]電子

ICT Competence and Use of Digital Library by Post Graduate Students of Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Rivers State

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the relationship between ICT competence and the use of digital library by postgraduate students of Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE) in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a Correlation design. The population of the study comprised 1800 postgraduates in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 210 Postgraduates. Four specific objectives, four research questions and four null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A structured questionnaire was designed for data collection. Simple Linear Regression was used to answer the research questions and test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result obtained revealed a significant relationship between internet browsing competence and use of digital library, the strength of relationship was (R = .841); Electronic Database competence and use of digital library, the strength of relationship was (R = .713); Social media (LinkedIn & Pinterest) competence and use of digital library, the strength of relationship was (R = .890); and content sharing competence and use of digital library the strength of relationship was (R = .820). From the findings, the study concluded that there is a significant relationship between ICT competence and the use of digital library among postgraduate students of Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study recommends among others that effective steps should be taken to encourage the postgraduate students to utilize the electronic databases so that the huge sum invested in subscribing for these databases will not be a waste. It was further recommended that library management should organise a training workshop on the importance of electronic databases, its uses and how to filter search by keywords. IAUE Digital library should lecture users on the importance of information sharing, through the use of Pinterest, LinkedIn and content sharing as they are the heavy hitter of information promulgation

Next Generation Catalogue: A User’s expectation

Paper presented at International CALIBERSince the days of Cutter, tools to access the resources of libraries are changing their structure and interface rapidly and dramatically to fulfill the dynamic user needs. Today almost every library user comes with expectations set and defined by their experience of using the Web. So the catalogues, which are offered by the libraries, need to operate at the same level of sophistication as other popular Web destinations. The “next generation” library catalog is a tool designed to fit into this shifting environment and move librarianship into a more active role when it comes to increasing the sphere of knowledge. The purpose of the paper to examine the present developments and explores the likely future developments in re-designing the OPAC to support resource discovery. The different ongoing developments follow a unique approach, but one thread that is common in all of them is that they involve a desire to go far beyond the capabilities of legacy catalogues and give library users more powerful and appealing tools

From Social Tagging to Social Hierarchies: Sharing Deeper Structural Knowledge in Web 2.0

Social tagging systems, such as del.icio.us, have helped users find and reuse information by sharing individuals’ structural knowledge, i.e., the knowledge of relationships among documents and concepts. Besides being an Internet phenomenon, social tagging can help organizations manage their intranet document repositories. The structural knowledge embedded in tags is flat, shallow, and often ambiguous however. We develop a theoretical model to argue for potential benefits of sharing deeper structural knowledge in an electronic document repository through personal document hierarchies. Based on the theoretical model, we design a “social hierarchies” system. Deployment and exploratory study confirm the benefits of sharing personal hierarchies in a collaborative knowledge work environment and suggest future research directions

Integrating Prosodic and Lexical Cues for Automatic Topic Segmentation

We present a probabilistic model that uses both prosodic and lexical cues for the automatic segmentation of speech into topically coherent units. We propose two methods for combining lexical and prosodic information using hidden Markov models and decision trees. Lexical information is obtained from a speech recognizer, and prosodic features are extracted automatically from speech waveforms. We evaluate our approach on the Broadcast News corpus, using the DARPA-TDT evaluation metrics. Results show that the prosodic model alone is competitive with word-based segmentation methods. Furthermore, we achieve a significant reduction in error by combining the prosodic and word-based knowledge sources.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figure

Perception and Use of Semantic and Social features of Digital Libraries among Library and Information Professionals

Purpose – The paper identifies awareness among library and Information professionals (LISPs) on Semantic and Social technologies in digital library in Special Library and Information Centers (SLICs) of Delhi NCR (National Capital Region), India, and examine whether the existing semantic web technologies are capable of addressing the problems and concerns of Digital Library Systems in tune with the needs of the intended users and/or beneficiaries. Design/Methodology/Approach – As part of the survey of the special libraries in NCR of Delhi, the questionnaires and personal visit were made to 48 libraries (spread over 16 categories) to collect the primary data. The requisite data of 48 special libraries, were collected, collated and analyzed accordingly. Findings - The study has made clear that library and information professionals of SLICs have a fair knowledge of semantic and social solutions for the digital libraries. There are a lot of semantic and social features available in the digital libraries and there is an urgent need to increase its familiarity and use among LISPs. The study also, revealed that a couple of impediments that prevents the effective use and implementations of semantic and social features of the digital library features of the semantic digital library. Practical implications- The study hopefully has given to an understanding the semantic solutions for the digital libraries based on semantic web technologies and results of the study can be accepted as a pointer for further experiment and training to improve these features of DLs to a new height. Originality/value - The present study looks at awareness of semantic and social solutions for the digital library in different large scientific and special libraries of repute in Delhi and NCR is a comprehensive study which provides a subject of paramount significance and interest not only to LIS professionals, but also to web-technocrats and digital librarians in particular. Keywords – Semantic Web, Semantic Digital Library, Digital Library, Social Semantic Digital Library Paper type - Case stud

CHORUS Deliverable 2.1: State of the Art on Multimedia Search Engines

Based on the information provided by European projects and national initiatives related to multimedia search as well as domains experts that participated in the CHORUS Think-thanks and workshops, this document reports on the state of the art related to multimedia content search from, a technical, and socio-economic perspective. The technical perspective includes an up to date view on content based indexing and retrieval technologies, multimedia search in the context of mobile devices and peer-to-peer networks, and an overview of current evaluation and benchmark inititiatives to measure the performance of multimedia search engines. From a socio-economic perspective we inventorize the impact and legal consequences of these technical advances and point out future directions of research