Eye quietness and quiet eye in expert and novice golf performance: an electrooculographic analysis

Quiet eye (QE) is the final ocular fixation on the target of an action (e.g., the ball in golf putting). Camerabased eye-tracking studies have consistently found longer QE durations in experts than novices; however, mechanisms underlying QE are not known. To offer a new perspective we examined the feasibility of measuring the QE using electrooculography (EOG) and developed an index to assess ocular activity across time: eye quietness (EQ). Ten expert and ten novice golfers putted 60 balls to a 2.4 m distant hole. Horizontal EOG (2ms resolution) was recorded from two electrodes placed on the outer sides of the eyes. QE duration was measured using a EOG voltage threshold and comprised the sum of the pre-movement and post-movement initiation components. EQ was computed as the standard deviation of the EOG in 0.5 s bins from –4 to +2 s, relative to backswing initiation: lower values indicate less movement of the eyes, hence greater quietness. Finally, we measured club-ball address and swing durations. T-tests showed that total QE did not differ between groups (p = .31); however, experts had marginally shorter pre-movement QE (p = .08) and longer post-movement QE (p < .001) than novices. A group × time ANOVA revealed that experts had less EQ before backswing initiation and greater EQ after backswing initiation (p = .002). QE durations were inversely correlated with EQ from –1.5 to 1 s (rs = –.48 - –.90, ps = .03 - .001). Experts had longer swing durations than novices (p = .01) and, importantly, swing durations correlated positively with post-movement QE (r = .52, p = .02) and negatively with EQ from 0.5 to 1s (r = –.63, p = .003). This study demonstrates the feasibility of measuring ocular activity using EOG and validates EQ as an index of ocular activity. Its findings challenge the dominant perspective on QE and provide new evidence that expert-novice differences in ocular activity may reflect differences in the kinematics of how experts and novices execute skills

Mobile sensing and engagement features in arabic mental well-being apps: systematic search and analysis

Various mobile apps have been released to track and promote mental health and well-being. Despite the high interest in developing these apps, they suffer from high attrition rates. These apps have limited utility if they are delivered in a manner that does not maintain individuals' engagement. Engagement features are therefore a critical factor to consider for fostering intended benefits. While there is considerable research on analysing the engagement features of these apps available in English, our understanding of engagement features in such Arabic apps is limited. Moreover, much less is known about mobile sensing in Arabic apps. To address this gap, we systematically searched app stores, identified 110 apps available in Arabic, and analyzed their features based on existing mHealth assessment frameworks. Our analysis found that available Arabic apps poorly implemented engagement features, apart from basic features such as sharing and reminders. Surprisingly, Arabic apps missed mobile sensing capabilities and AI applications. This paper highlights the importance of employing mobile sensing and persuasive design principles in the future design of Arabic apps

Promoting Physical Activity as a Lifestyle through Use of Behavioral Change Theories

With the rise of sedentary lifestyles in the United States, an increase in physical activity is needed to combat the consequences of sedentary behavior. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) work regularly with patients struggling with injuries and diseases stemming from inactivity. Research has shown numerous benefits of regular physical activity, yet only half of Americans engage in enough physical activity to be considered active. Theories of behavioral change have been developed to help patients become physically active and maintain activity as part of their lifestyle. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and the Social-Cognitive Theory (SCT) are examples of effective models in promoting physical activity by employing techniques to promote behavioral change. These two models will be the focus of the following thesis

Implementing the Five-A Model of technical refinement: Key roles of the sport psychologist

There is increasing evidence for the significant contribution provided by sport psychologists within applied coaching environments. However, this rarely considers their skills/knowledge being applied when refining athletes’ already learned and well-established motor skills. Therefore, this paper focuses on how a sport psychologist might assist a coach and athlete to implement long-term permanent and pressure proof refinements. It highlights key contributions at each stage of the Five-A Model—designed to deliver these important outcomes—providing both psychomotor and psychosocial input to the support delivery. By employing these recommendations, sport psychologists can make multiple positive contributions to completion of this challenging task

Mobile apps for cognitive restructuring: a review and comparative analysis

Cognitive restructuring is a central component of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and thought records have for decades been a widely used method for helping clients to identify, evaluate, and modify dysfunctional thoughts. The widespread adoption of mobile technology along with changing habits and expectations of therapy clients have led to the development of numerous mobile apps aimed at replicating this core aspect of CBT. This review identifies, describes, and compares current CBT apps that include digitized versions of thought records. Searches of the Apple App Store, Android Google Play Store, published literature, and relevant websites yielded 19 apps that were reviewed and compared with respect to their representation and sequencing of common cognitive restructuring elements. The apps were also compared across a variety of variables of likely relevance to practicing clinicians, including cost, data security, empirical support, user reviews, provision of additional clinical tools, and the involvement of mental health professionals in their development. The review aims to be a resource for practicing clinicians interested in selecting a cognitive restructuring app that replicates paper-based thought records in digital form. Following a discussion of limitations of the current review, recommendations and future directions are described

Quantifying Quality of Life

Describes technological methods and tools for objective and quantitative assessment of QoL Appraises technology-enabled methods for incorporating QoL measurements in medicine Highlights the success factors for adoption and scaling of technology-enabled methods This open access book presents the rise of technology-enabled methods and tools for objective, quantitative assessment of Quality of Life (QoL), while following the WHOQOL model. It is an in-depth resource describing and examining state-of-the-art, minimally obtrusive, ubiquitous technologies. Highlighting the required factors for adoption and scaling of technology-enabled methods and tools for QoL assessment, it also describes how these technologies can be leveraged for behavior change, disease prevention, health management and long-term QoL enhancement in populations at large. Quantifying Quality of Life: Incorporating Daily Life into Medicine fills a gap in the field of QoL by providing assessment methods, techniques and tools. These assessments differ from the current methods that are now mostly infrequent, subjective, qualitative, memory-based, context-poor and sparse. Therefore, it is an ideal resource for physicians, physicians in training, software and hardware developers, computer scientists, data scientists, behavioural scientists, entrepreneurs, healthcare leaders and administrators who are seeking an up-to-date resource on this subject

Flourishing Partners: Leveraging Positive Psychology in a Peer Support Model to Promote Well-being for Recovering Addicts

Substance use disorders are a widespread problem in the United States. In 2017, 19.7 million Americans aged 12 and over struggled with substance abuse, with 74% of those affected suffering from alcohol use disorder and 38% from an illicit or illegal drug disorder (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2017). Despite its power over individuals, addiction can be treated and managed through abstinence and healthy behavior, and there is opportunity to develop new approaches to augment traditional addictions treatment. Positive psychology, the scientific study of what makes life worth living (Seligman, 2011), offers rich potential to support individuals recovering from addiction to learn to thrive. A peer support model to help individuals to leverage positive relationships to cultivate positive emotion, meaning, engagement and growth is proposed as a modality to support a transformation into flourishing. Thirteen interventions are offered, as well as a guide to their implementation

Explore the relations between personality and gamification

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Successful gamification motivates users to engage in systems using game-like experiences. However, a one-size-fits-all approach to gamification is often unsuccessful; prior studies suggest that personality serves as a key differentiator in the effectiveness of the approach. To advance the understanding of personality differences and their influence on users’ behavior and motivation in gamification, this dissertation is comprised of three studies that: 1) explore the relationships among individuals’ personality traits and preferences for different gamification features through an online survey; 2) investigate how people with different personality traits respond to the motivational affordances in a gamified application over a period of time through a diary study; and 3) reveal how individuals respond differentially to different kinds of leaderboard experiences based on their leaderboard rankings, the application domain, and the individuals’ personality traits through their responses to 9 dynamic leaderboards. The results from the first study show that extraversion and emotional stability are the two primary personality traits that differentiate users’ preferences for gamification. Among the 10 types of motivational affordances, extraverts are more likely to be motivated by Points, Levels, and Leaderboards. However, the results from the second (diary) study indicate that, after the first week, extraverts’ preferences for Points decreased. The motivation effects of Points and Leaderboards changed over the course of using the gamified application. The results from the third study confirm the findings from the first two studies about extraversion and revealed that ranking and domain differences are also effective factors in users’ experiences of Leaderboards in gamification. Design guidelines for gamification are presented based on the results of each of the three studies. Based on a synthesis of the results from these three studies, this dissertation proposes a conceptual model for gamification design. The model describes not only the impact of personality traits, domain differences, and users’ experience over time, but also illustrates the importance of considering individual differences, application context, and the potential significance of user persistence in gamification design. This research contributes to the HCI and gamification communities by uncovering factors that will affect the way that people respond to gamification systems, considered holistically

The 17th International research symposium on service excellence in management (QUIS17)

More than 30 years have passed since the first edition of QUIS symposium was held in Sweden in 1988. QUIS takes place every second year and attracts around 200-250 leading researchers and executives from all over the world. The QUIS symposium brings together the best interdisciplinary academic research and management practices in a forum to advance the study of service management, service dominant logic, service leadership, customer experience, technology and innovations in service. The pursuit of service excellence is a never-ending quest by organizations seeking to achieve outstanding performance in their field. Benchmarking one¿s own approaches against other organizations best practices and gaining insights from their experiences are powerful means for enhancing resultsPeiró Signes, Á. (2022). The 17th International research symposium on service excellence in management (QUIS17). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/QUIS17.2022.1516