Accounting Information System, Critical Review of Karim’s 2014 Approach

This paper provides a critical review of V.R. Karimi, D.D. Cowan, and P.S.C. Alencar, 2014, ‘An approach to correctness of security and operational business policies,' International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, ACCINF-00330, No of Pages 12. In this journal article, Karimi, Cowan, and Alencar suggested a new approach that can be used in operational and security policies in the business. The approach provided here can also be used to verify the correctness of operational and security policies with respect to a given set of properties. They propose a method that constructs definition of business operational and security rules based on REA business modeling language. This method is designed to use state machines to combine policy sets and policies automatically once the rules have been created. I find this new method to be very essential because it provides disciplined and systematic approaches that can be used in developing real world software systems for accounting purposes. In addition, this method has a higher potential of benefiting modern organizations in several ways.

Aspectos éticos de la investigación en Ingeniería Software que involucra seres humanos

Crecientemente la Ingeniería Software ha incorporado enfoques de investigación en los que los comportamientos de seres humanos son objeto de investigación o están estrechamente relacionados con ellos. Esta novedad ha impactado fuertemente las metodologías de investigación y además ha abierto la necesidad de establecer claridad sobre los criterios éticos que deben seguirse. A partir de revisar los códigos de ética relacionados con la investigación en nuestro país, se establece la posibilidad de disponer de una serie de principios para la Investigación de la Ingeniería Software. Se valida esta propuesta con estándares internacionales disponibles.Eje: Workshop Ingeniería de software (WIS)Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

A process for managing interaction between experimenters to get useful similar replications

Context: A replication is the repetition of an experiment. Several efforts have been made to adopt replication as a common practice in software engineering. There are different types of replications, depending on their purpose. Similar replications keep the experimental conditions as alike as possible to the original ones. External similar replications, where the replicating experimenters are not the same people as the original experimenters, have been a stumbling block. Several attempts at combining the results of replications have resulted in failure. Software engineering does not appear to be well suited to such replications, because it works with complex experimentally immature contexts. Software engineering settings have a large number of variables, and the role that many of them play is unknown. A successful (or useful) similar replication helps to better understand the phenomenon under study by verifying results and/or identifying contextual variables that could influence (or not) the results, through the combination of experimental results. Objective: To be able to get successful similar replications, there needs to be interaction between original and replicating experimenters. In this paper, we propose an interaction process for achieving successful similar replications. Method: This process consists of: an adaptation meeting, where experimenters tailor the experiment to the new setting; querying, to settle occasional inquiries while the experiment is being run; and a combination meeting, where experimenters meet to discuss the combination of replication outcomes with previous results. To check its effectiveness, the process has been tested on three different replications of the same experiment. Results: The proposed interaction process has helped to identify new contextual variables that could potentially influence (or not) the experimental results in the three replications run. Additionally, the interaction process has helped to uncover certain problems and deviations that occurred during some of the replications that we would have not been aware of otherwise. Conclusions: There are signs that suggest that it is possible to get successful similar replications in software engineering experimentation, when there is appropriate interaction among experimenters.This work has been performed under research Grant TIN2011-23216 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.Juristo, N.; Vegas, S.; Solari, M.; Abrahao Gonzales, SM.; Ramos, I. (2013). A process for managing interaction between experimenters to get useful similar replications. Information and Software Technology. 55(2):215-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2012.07.016S21522555

Stakeholders of Web Applications Requirements

Stakeholders play an important role to establish the requirements of a software system. In fact, systems are built to meet the needs of some stakeholders. They are also source of key requirements; not reaching to all the stakeholders of a system jeopardizes its completeness since the requirements are not detected. In Requirement Engineering, the matter has not been dealt with the required depth and consistency, thus the notion of “stakeholders” remained ambiguous as well as their associated processes. Especially, there is a lack of clear concepts regarding their role in Web applications, a subject that seems controversial (as confirmed by literature). We made ourselves the following question: who are the web application stakeholders and how should we manage them? Our special interest focuses on the local web applicationsdevelopment organizations. For this, we have conducted some field research that covered not only the stakeholder-related aspects, but also other areas of the requirement processes. This field research is a first approach to the problem and provides some answers, but also raises questions and suggests possible answers to some others.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Effectiveness for detecting faults within and outside the scope of testing techniques: an independent replication

The verification and validation activity plays a fundamental role in improving software quality. Determining which the most effective techniques for carrying out this activity are has been an aspiration of experimental software engineering researchers for years. This paper reports a controlled experiment evaluating the effectiveness of two unit testing techniques (the functional testing technique known as equivalence partitioning (EP) and the control-flow structural testing technique known as branch testing (BT)). This experiment is a literal replication of Juristo et al. (2013).Both experiments serve the purpose of determining whether the effectiveness of BT and EP varies depending on whether or not the faults are visible for the technique (InScope or OutScope, respectively). We have used the materials, design and procedures of the original experiment, but in order to adapt the experiment to the context we have: (1) reduced the number of studied techniques from 3 to 2; (2) assigned subjects to experimental groups by means of stratified randomization to balance the influence of programming experience; (3) localized the experimental materials and (4) adapted the training duration. We ran the replication at the Escuela Politécnica del Ejército Sede Latacunga (ESPEL) as part of a software verification & validation course. The experimental subjects were 23 master?s degree students. EP is more effective than BT at detecting InScope faults. The session/program andgroup variables are found to have significant effects. BT is more effective than EP at detecting OutScope faults. The session/program and group variables have no effect in this case. The results of the replication and the original experiment are similar with respect to testing techniques. There are some inconsistencies with respect to the group factor. They can be explained by small sample effects. The results for the session/program factor are inconsistent for InScope faults.We believe that these differences are due to a combination of the fatigue effect and a technique x program interaction. Although we were able to reproduce the main effects, the changes to the design of the original experiment make it impossible to identify the causes of the discrepancies for sure. We believe that further replications closely resembling the original experiment should be conducted to improve our understanding of the phenomena under study