Adaptive antenna system by ESP32-PICO-D4 and its application to web radio system

Adaptive antenna technique has an important role in the IoT environment in order to establish reliable and stable wireless communication in high congestion situation. Even if knowing antenna characteristics in advance, electromagnetic wave propagation in the non-line-of-sight environment is very complex and unpredictable, therefore, the adjustment the antenna radiation for the optimum signal reception is important for the better wireless link. This article presents a simple but effective adaptive antenna system for Wi-Fi utilizing the function of a highly integrated component, ESP32-PICO-D4. This chip is a system-in-chip containing all components for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth application except for antenna. Together with SP3T RF switch and dielectric antennas and high-resolution audio DAC, completed web-radio system is made in the size of 50 x 50 mm.Comment: This article is submitted for Hardware

An Innovative Take on Filtering Carbon Dioxide Through CryoCapture

Overview (Air Mover): Carbon dioxide plays an important role in the earth's ecosystem; the lives of many organisms are based on the balancing of this gas. Plants and animals need it for survival however, an excess of carbon dioxide can also end the organism’s life. The production of the gas mostly comes from the combustion of fossil fuel, power plants, big industries, vehicles, and processes involving natural gasses. One of the most known issues of carbon dioxide pollution is global warming. The greenhouse gas essentially traps heat in the atmosphere, increasing the global temperature. The methodology provided is an innovative solution towards the creation of an environmentally friendly carbon dioxide filter. Current air filtration systems are restricted to industrial environments limiting the ability to filter the air. Due to the large noise and low range of operation of axial fans the filtration systems need controlled environments for longevity. The paper presents a versatile air mover that can be mounted onto multiple surfaces due to its low profile and bracket mounts. Furthermore, the usage of a diagonal fan inside of a PVC pipe allows for a durable system that can operate at high efficiency and low noise. The main challenge in designing the air mover was figuring out how to quantify the scalability of the device and what parameters could be changed in order to make the device more viable. The designs most prominent feature are the inclusion of a modular enclosure that can be adapted to multiple areas and environments while withstanding harsh conditions due to the PVC piping that can be coated with a diagonal fan for high volumetric flow rates and pressure differential for versatility in environments the device is placed in as well as efficiency. Overview (Carbon Storer): The Civil and Environmental Engineering team is responsible for finding a cost effective and sustainable way to transport, store and recycle the carbon caught in the air from the Carbon Catcher designed by the other engineering teams. In the team’s design, the Carbon Catcher will reduce the harmful emissions in the air by capturing CO2, store it and then utilize it in another industry which will reduce the need to mine for more raw materials which would thus further reduce the pollution emitted into the environment. Our plan is to recycle the carbon emitted from a factory and utilize it in CO2 dry ice. It's the Civil and Environmental Engineers’ job to find a way to connect a sustainable solution with a solution that improves the public’s quality of life. There are many industries that pollute immense amounts from the mining of raw material or the emission of pollutants. The team wants to show industries that the economic solution can also be the sustainable solution. Overview (Membrane) The team’s solution focuses on the use of cryogenic carbon capture, a method in which the selective freezing points of the gaseous components of air are used to separate out carbon dioxide. For this process, the team will be utilizing a 4 step filtration process. First, the flue gas will be run through a particulate filter to catch all macroscopic particles that may be present within the air. Afterwards, the gas is then passed through a dehumidifier where a majority of water content will be extracted. Following this, The gas was then run through a long pipe and progressively cool it down to the freezing point of carbon dioxide. Finally, the filtered gas is extracted, and a bubbler is used to separate the solid carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is then compressed and recycled around the feed pipe to help in the cooling process. Along the process of this design, the team encountered problems finding the optimum materials for temperatures this low. As well, coming up with a way to eliminate heat transfer from the outside posed a huge problem. Through the experience, the team was able to gain a greater view of what benefits and drawbacks must be balanced, along with the economic interest that comes with designing an efficient process. Unlike how most designs are focused, It was understood that using a membrane only provided so much creativity when it came to filtration. As a result, the team researched other successful methods and arrived at utilizing cryogenics to filter. Goal Research to provide a single solution to remove levels of carbon dioxide in the immediate atmosphere, transport it to a storage mechanism, and find a way to recycle it. Powerful research is required to ensure effective methodologies, material usage, and flexible scalability of the overall device. This particular team seeks to find an alternative separation process to membrane filtration, the efficacy of which has not been demonstrated beyond the scale of a laboratory

Rancang Bangun Sistem Deteksi Label Kardus Berbasis Model Kecerdasan Buatan YOLO dan EasyOCR serta ESP32-CAM

Sistem Deteksi Label Kardus berbasis model YOLO dan EasyOCR merupakan sistem yang dirancang untuk mendeteksi keberadaan kardus serta tulisan pada label kardus menggunakan model kecerdasan buatan. Masukkan gambar untuk sistem deteksi label berasal dari ESP32-CAM yang mengirimkan gambar ke skrip Python via protokol WiFi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan sistem pendeteksi label kardus yang cepat serta memiliki akurasi yang tinggi. Sabuk konveyor dibangun untuk menciptakan suasana simulasi asli.  Adapun spesifikasi utama sabuk konveyor yaitu panjang total sabuk konveyor = 30 cm, dan kecepatan sabuk konveyor = 1,626 cm/s. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa waktu rata-rata respon pemrosesan dari ESP32-CAM adalah 0,762 detik. Dalam 40 iterasi pelatihan model YOLO dengan set data kustom, model terbaik yang dihasilkan memiliki loss deteksi objek sebesar 0,00997 dan mean Average Precision (mAP) sebesar 0,983. Hasil pendeteksian objek kardus dengan model YOLO yang sudah dilatih menghasilkan rata rata nilai confidence sebesar 58,002% pada gambar kardus berlabel. Model YOLO menggunakan threshold sebesar 0,5 yang memiliki rasio akurasi:error sebesar  19:1 dan hasil deteksi objek non kardus sebanyak 2/20 atau 10%. Setelah model YOLO berhasil mendeteksi kardus berlabel, maka digunakan model EasyOCR untuk membaca kata pada label kardus. Rata-rata nilai confidence tertinggi dicatatkan oleh label “jeruk” dengan nilai confidence sebesar 0,973364, sedangkan waktu pemrosesan gambar tercepat dicatatkan oleh label “ayam” dengan waktu rata-rata pemrosesan sebesar 11,47 detik. Hasil pembacaan label, nilai confidence pendeteksian kardus dan pembacaan label kemudian ditampilkan melalui laman website sederhana untuk mempermudah pengawasan secara real-time. Kata Kunci: Sistem Deteksi Label Kardus, Kecerdasan Buatan, ESP32-CAM

Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengontrol dan Monitoring pH Air Hidroponik Menggunakan Aplikasi Blynk

Dalam praktik budidaya hidroponik, pengaturan keseimbangan pH air menjadi aspek penting dalam memastikan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mencapai level terbaik. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah sistem yang dapat mengontrol dan memantau pH air dalam tanaman hidroponik, menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development (RD) dengan menggunakan aplikasi Blynk berbasis ESP32. Dalam tahap perancangan, peneliti menggunakan sensor pH air 4502C untuk mengukur tingkat pH air dalam sistem hidroponik. Mikrokontroler ESP32 bertugas sebagai penghubung antara sensor dan aplikasi Blynk yang dijalankan pada perangkat seluler. Hasil dari eksperimen ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem monitoring dan pengontrolan pH air pada hidroponik menggunakan aplikasi Blynk berbasis ESP32 dan sensor pH air 4502C berhasil secara akurat dan responsif memantau dan mengontrol tingkat pH air. Dengan demikian, Sistem ini efisien dalam menjaga keseimbangan pH air dalam hidroponik guna mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman yang optimal.In hydroponic cultivation practices, regulating the pH balance of water is an important aspect in ensuring plant growth and productivity reaches the best level. Therefore, the aim of this research is to design and build a system that can control and monitor the pH of water in hydroponic plants, using Research and Development (RD) research methods using the ESP32-based Blynk application. In the design stage, researchers used a 4502C water pH sensor to measure the pH level of water in a hydroponic system. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as a link between the sensor and the Blynk application running on the mobile device. The results of this experiment show that the water pH monitoring and control system in hydroponics using the ESP32-based Blynk application and the 4502C water pH sensor succeeded in accurately and responsively monitoring and controlling water pH levels. Thus, this system is efficient in maintaining the pH balance of water in hydroponics to support optimal plant growth.

Driving cycle tracking device big data storing and management

Driving cycle is commonly known as a series of speed-time profile. Research on this discipline aids vehicle manufacturing industries in vehicle manufacturing, environmentalists to study on environment quality and profile in accordance to vehicle emissions besides traffic engineers to further investigate the behavior of drivers and the conditions of roads in a certain area or cluster. This also assists automotive industries to innovate energy efficient vehicles which reduce vehicle emissions and energy wastages which lead to air pollution in which a major threat for human health according to Goal 3 of united nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDG). To construct an accurate driving cycle, data based on real-world driving behavior is crucial and as the world is advancing in technology, the usage of internet of things (IoT) plays an important role in innovatietcons. IoT is an idea of computing every day physical object and information into computers, devices and software. These devices work by using sensors that transmit data to a computer or software allowing them to perform important tasks as needed. In this research, an idea of data collecting device, driving cycle tracking device (DC-TRAD) is constructed with implementation of IoT in which the collected data will be saved into my structured query language (MySQL) database instantly for data storing

Pendeteksi Kehadiran menggunakan ESP32 untuk Sistem Pengunci Pintu Otomatis

The design of the detection system in this study using ESP32 module that includes Wi-Fi: 802.11 b / g / n and Bluetooth: v4.2 BR / EDR and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). In general, the automatic door lock system using a fingerprint or RFID card in its implementation, but this study using BLE which is a component of iBeacon which has a function as a result of the fingerprint and RFID card. ESP32 have a duty to control the door lock in order to open and lock the door using relays and solenoid system, in addition to the BLE on ESP32 serves to detect the presence of individuals where Bluetooth Device Address (BD_ADDR) smartwatch or individual gadget is already registered on ESP32. Based on the experimental results, the system can detect a user's presence smartwatch on the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), which is determined on the program was uploaded to ESP32. This system can also be developed in the future and applied to a variety of special purposes such as absenteeism, indoor mapping, and smart home

Penerapan Trainer Interfacing Mikrokontroler dan Internet Of Things Berbasis Esp32 pada Mata Kuliah Interfacing

The absence of props remains a constraint on the learning process interfacing subjects where students have difficulty understanding the material obtained, besides because of the lack of microcontroller practice experience, students don't understand how to operate the microcontroller and also because of the lack of basic knowledge about the microcontroller. The design of the microcontroller interface trainer is intended as a teaching aid to help understand microcontroller interfacing using the UART, SPI, and I2C protocols and can be used as an Internet of Things teaching aid to help students practice monitoring and controlling input output on microcontrollers using smartphones over the internet. In designing this trainer, the author had made direct observations on learning activities in interfacing subjects and conducted questions and answers with several students. This trainer uses RFID, RTC and LCD modules as interfacing props that are connected to the ESP32 microcontroller, and there are components in the form of LEDs and potentiometers to practice the concept of the Internet of Things. The GPIO header pins and microcontroller interface pins expansion are also available on this trainer which can be connected with more modules and other components. Modules and components in the design of this trainer are connected with the ESP32 microcontroller in one integrated circuit board so as to provide practicality in its use

PROTOTIPE SISTEM KONTROL KEAMANAN PINTU OTOMATIS BERBASIS KEYLESS MENGGUNAKAN ESP32

Sistem Keamanan Pintu Otomatis Berbasis Keylees adalah sebuah langkah antisipasi untuk keamanan rumah dari bahaya dari tindakan kejahatan. Banyak kejadian tindakan pencurian masuk dalam rumah karena penghuninya lalai dalam mengantisipasi dengan mengunci rumahnya. Maka dari itu saya sebagai penyusun dibuat sebuah prototipe sistem kontrol keamanan pintu otomatis berbasis keylees menggunakan ESP32. Alat ini bertujuan memberikan keamanan lebih pada sistem keamanan pintu pada rumah yang dimana keluar masuk pintu rumah harus selalu keadaan terkunci. Alat ini dirancang dengan kotak akrilik berukuran 15 x 10 x 10,3 cm. Dengan menggunakan ESP32 sebagai kontrol utama, sistem KeyLess dan menggunakan I-Tag sebagai input deteksi Bluetooth Low Energi, dan key switch sebagai sistem emergency, lalu Solenoid 12V, LED, LCD 16x2, sebagai output. Alat ini juga dilengkapi dengan sistem emergency berupa Key Switch apabila terjadi keadaan darurat seperti halnya insiden atau error pada alat, sistem emergency tersebut bisa digunakan secara manual. Alat ini menggunakan sistem komunikasi BLE (Bluetooth Low Energi) sebagai sistem komunikasi dengan I-Tag pada setiap individu yang memilikinya, dengan mendeteksi Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) yaitu indikator kekuatan sinyal yang diterima, (RSSI) pada prototipe ini digunakan untuk estimasi jarak antara pengguna. Dari alat yang sudah di buat ini dapat bekerja Ketika I-Tag yang kita bawa mendekati. Prototipe tersebut kurang dari 1,7 meter maka rangkaian yang menggunakan microcontroller Esp32 yang bersistem komunikasi BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) pada pintu maka secara otomatis solenoid door lock pada rangkaian microcontroller Esp32 akan membuka penguncian pada pintu secara otomatis, dengan memberikan indikasi berupa led hijau akan menyala, dan jika kita menjauh pada prototipe tersebut melebihi dari 1,7 meter maka solenoid door lock akan mengunci kembali dengan memberikan indikasi led merah menyala

Watering Stimulation of Alliun cepa L Plants Based on IoT Through the ESP32 Microcontroller and MQTT Protocol

Allium cepa L. (Shallots) is classified as a seasonal plant that requires special water treatment techniques correctly and precise watering methods. Farmers in the highlands of Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi, mostly still prefer watering this plant traditionally and manually even though it is in large garden areas. Farmers also find it difficult to handle watering crops on large tracts of land and are overwhelmed by not having enough time to care for water evenly. Implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) based onion watering method utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller with the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol, and is very easy for farmers to implement. The MQTT work system implements Publish and Subscribe data. The method and system for designing this tool is that if the shallot plant is 1-10 days old, this tool will water twice a day evenly, the morning and evening. Then if the shallot plant is 11-60 days old, this tool will water only once, in the morning. When the watering automation is implemented, the information system is in the form of a message (on the smartphone) signing by logic 0. Conversely, if this tool does not flush, then the message that comes on the smartphone is as logic 1