3,609 research outputs found
LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum
Folding interpretations
We study the polyregular string-to-string functions, which are certain
functions of polynomial output size that can be described using automata and
logic. We describe a system of combinators that generates exactly these
functions. Unlike previous systems, the present system includes an iteration
mechanism, namely fold. Although unrestricted fold can define all primitive
recursive functions, we identify a type system (inspired by linear logic) that
restricts fold so that it defines exactly the polyregular functions. We also
present related systems, for quantifier-free functions as well as for linear
regular functions on both strings and trees.Comment: Author's version of a LICS 23 pape
When Deep Learning Meets Polyhedral Theory: A Survey
In the past decade, deep learning became the prevalent methodology for
predictive modeling thanks to the remarkable accuracy of deep neural networks
in tasks such as computer vision and natural language processing. Meanwhile,
the structure of neural networks converged back to simpler representations
based on piecewise constant and piecewise linear functions such as the
Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), which became the most commonly used type of
activation function in neural networks. That made certain types of network
structure \unicode{x2014}such as the typical fully-connected feedforward
neural network\unicode{x2014} amenable to analysis through polyhedral theory
and to the application of methodologies such as Linear Programming (LP) and
Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) for a variety of purposes. In this
paper, we survey the main topics emerging from this fast-paced area of work,
which bring a fresh perspective to understanding neural networks in more detail
as well as to applying linear optimization techniques to train, verify, and
reduce the size of such networks
Functional completeness of planar Rydberg blockade structures
The construction of Hilbert spaces that are characterized by local
constraints as the low-energy sectors of microscopic models is an important
step towards the realization of a wide range of quantum phases with long-range
entanglement and emergent gauge fields. Here we show that planar structures of
trapped atoms in the Rydberg blockade regime are functionally complete: Their
ground state manifold can realize any Hilbert space that can be characterized
by local constraints in the product basis. We introduce a versatile framework,
together with a set of provably minimal logic primitives as building blocks, to
implement these constraints. As examples, we present lattice realizations of
the string-net Hilbert spaces that underlie the surface code and the Fibonacci
anyon model. We discuss possible optimizations of planar Rydberg structures to
increase their geometrical robustness.Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures, v2: fixed typos, added additional references
and comment
"Le present est plein de lâavenir, et chargĂ© du passĂ©" : VortrĂ€ge des XI. Internationalen Leibniz-Kongresses, 31. Juli â 4. August 2023, Leibniz UniversitĂ€t Hannover, Deutschland. Band 2
[No abstract available]Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)/Projektnr. 517991912VGH VersicherungNiedersĂ€chsisches Ministerium fĂŒr Wissenschaft und Kultur (MWK
Under construction: infrastructure and modern fiction
In this dissertation, I argue that infrastructural development, with its technological promises but widening geographic disparities and social and environmental consequences, informs both the narrative content and aesthetic forms of modernist and contemporary Anglophone fiction. Despite its prevalent material formsâroads, rails, pipes, and wiresâinfrastructure poses particular formal and narrative problems, often receding into the background as mere setting. To address how literary fiction theorizes the experience of infrastructure requires reading âinfrastructurallyâ: that is, paying attention to the seemingly mundane interactions between characters and their built environments. The writers central to this projectâJames Joyce, William Faulkner, Karen Tei Yamashita, and Mohsin Hamidâtake up the representational challenges posed by infrastructure by bringing transit networks, sanitation systems, and electrical grids and the histories of their development and use into the foreground. These writers call attention to the political dimensions of built environments, revealing the ways infrastructures produce, reinforce, and perpetuate racial and socioeconomic fault lines. They also attempt to formalize the material relations of power inscribed by and within infrastructure; the novel itself becomes an imaginary counterpart to the technologies of infrastructure, a form that shapes and constrains what types of social action and affiliation are possible
Subgroup discovery for structured target concepts
The main object of study in this thesis is subgroup discovery, a theoretical framework for finding subgroups in dataâi.e., named sub-populationsâ whose behaviour with respect to a specified target concept is exceptional when compared to the rest of the dataset. This is a powerful tool that conveys crucial information to a human audience, but despite past advances has been limited to simple target concepts. In this work we propose algorithms that bring this framework to novel application domains. We introduce the concept of representative subgroups, which we use not only to ensure the fairness of a sub-population with regard to a sensitive trait, such as race or gender, but also to go beyond known trends in the data. For entities with additional relational information that can be encoded as a graph, we introduce a novel measure of robust connectedness which improves on established alternative measures of density; we then provide a method that uses this measure to discover which named sub-populations are more well-connected. Our contributions within subgroup discovery crescent with the introduction of kernelised subgroup discovery: a novel framework that enables the discovery of subgroups on i.i.d. target concepts with virtually any kind of structure. Importantly, our framework additionally provides a concrete and efficient tool that works out-of-the-box without any modification, apart from specifying the Gramian of a positive definite kernel. To use within kernelised subgroup discovery, but also on any other kind of kernel method, we additionally introduce a novel random walk graph kernel. Our kernel allows the fine tuning of the alignment between the vertices of the two compared graphs, during the count of the random walks, while we also propose meaningful structure-aware vertex labels to utilise this new capability. With these contributions we thoroughly extend the applicability of subgroup discovery and ultimately re-define it as a kernel method.Der Hauptgegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Subgruppenentdeckung (Subgroup Discovery), ein theoretischer Rahmen fĂŒr das Auffinden von Subgruppen in Datenâd. h. benannte Teilpopulationenâderen Verhalten in Bezug auf ein bestimmtes Targetkonzept im Vergleich zum Rest des Datensatzes auĂergewöhnlich ist. Es handelt sich hierbei um ein leistungsfĂ€higes Instrument, das einem menschlichen Publikum wichtige Informationen vermittelt. Allerdings ist es trotz bisherigen Fortschritte auf einfache Targetkonzepte beschrĂ€nkt. In dieser Arbeit schlagen wir Algorithmen vor, die diesen Rahmen auf neuartige Anwendungsbereiche ĂŒbertragen. Wir fĂŒhren das Konzept der reprĂ€sentativen Untergruppen ein, mit dem wir nicht nur die Fairness einer Teilpopulation in Bezug auf ein sensibles Merkmal wie Rasse oder Geschlecht sicherstellen, sondern auch ĂŒber bekannte Trends in den Daten hinausgehen können. FĂŒr EntitĂ€ten mit zusĂ€tzlicher relationalen Information, die als Graph kodiert werden kann, fĂŒhren wir ein neuartiges MaĂ fĂŒr robuste Verbundenheit ein, das die etablierten alternativen DichtemaĂe verbessert; anschlieĂend stellen wir eine Methode bereit, die dieses MaĂ verwendet, um herauszufinden, welche benannte Teilpopulationen besser verbunden sind. Unsere BeitrĂ€ge in diesem Rahmen gipfeln in der EinfĂŒhrung der kernelisierten Subgruppenentdeckung: ein neuartiger Rahmen, der die Entdeckung von Subgruppen fĂŒr u.i.v. Targetkonzepten mit praktisch jeder Art von Struktur ermöglicht. Wichtigerweise, unser Rahmen bereitstellt zusĂ€tzlich ein konkretes und effizientes Werkzeug, das ohne jegliche Modifikation funktioniert, abgesehen von der Angabe des Gramian eines positiv definitiven Kernels. FĂŒr den Einsatz innerhalb der kernelisierten Subgruppentdeckung, aber auch fĂŒr jede andere Art von Kernel-Methode, fĂŒhren wir zusĂ€tzlich einen neuartigen Random-Walk-Graph-Kernel ein. Unser Kernel ermöglicht die Feinabstimmung der Ausrichtung zwischen den Eckpunkten der beiden unter-Vergleich-gestelltenen Graphen wĂ€hrend der ZĂ€hlung der Random Walks, wĂ€hrend wir auch sinnvolle strukturbewusste Vertex-Labels vorschlagen, um diese neue FĂ€higkeit zu nutzen. Mit diesen BeitrĂ€gen erweitern wir die Anwendbarkeit der Subgruppentdeckung grĂŒndlich und definieren wir sie im Endeffekt als Kernel-Methode neu
Advances and Applications of DSmT for Information Fusion. Collected Works, Volume 5
This ïŹfth volume on Advances and Applications of DSmT for Information Fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different ïŹelds of applications and in mathematics, and is available in open-access. The collected contributions of this volume have either been published or presented after disseminating the fourth volume in 2015 in international conferences, seminars, workshops and journals, or they are new. The contributions of each part of this volume are chronologically ordered.
First Part of this book presents some theoretical advances on DSmT, dealing mainly with modiïŹed Proportional ConïŹict Redistribution Rules (PCR) of combination with degree of intersection, coarsening techniques, interval calculus for PCR thanks to set inversion via interval analysis (SIVIA), rough set classiïŹers, canonical decomposition of dichotomous belief functions, fast PCR fusion, fast inter-criteria analysis with PCR, and improved PCR5 and PCR6 rules preserving the (quasi-)neutrality of (quasi-)vacuous belief assignment in the fusion of sources of evidence with their Matlab codes.
Because more applications of DSmT have emerged in the past years since the apparition of the fourth book of DSmT in 2015, the second part of this volume is about selected applications of DSmT mainly in building change detection, object recognition, quality of data association in tracking, perception in robotics, risk assessment for torrent protection and multi-criteria decision-making, multi-modal image fusion, coarsening techniques, recommender system, levee characterization and assessment, human heading perception, trust assessment, robotics, biometrics, failure detection, GPS systems, inter-criteria analysis, group decision, human activity recognition, storm prediction, data association for autonomous vehicles, identiïŹcation of maritime vessels, fusion of support vector machines (SVM), Silx-Furtif RUST code library for information fusion including PCR rules, and network for ship classiïŹcation.
Finally, the third part presents interesting contributions related to belief functions in general published or presented along the years since 2015. These contributions are related with decision-making under uncertainty, belief approximations, probability transformations, new distances between belief functions, non-classical multi-criteria decision-making problems with belief functions, generalization of Bayes theorem, image processing, data association, entropy and cross-entropy measures, fuzzy evidence numbers, negator of belief mass, human activity recognition, information fusion for breast cancer therapy, imbalanced data classiïŹcation, and hybrid techniques mixing deep learning with belief functions as well
A Study of Ahmed Saadawiâs Frankenstein in Baghdad in Light of Appropriation of Mary Shelleyâs Frankenstein Through Translation and Adaptation Studies
This doctoral thesis examines both Mary Shelleyâs Frankenstein, Or the Modern Prometheus (1888), and Ahmed Saadawiâs Frankenstein in Baghdad (2014) in light of adaptation and appropriation by employing the framework of translation and adaptation studies. Adaptation studies first emerged as a field of study in the first half of the twentieth century but its generalisations and arguments initially focused on text and screen; for instance, essays and texts by Vachel Lindsay (1915), Virginia Woolf (1927), and Sergei Eisensteinâs (1944) highlighted the distinctions between novels and films in general as well as the changes and transformations that the screen had brought about in the course of adaptations of texts (Leitch, 2017, p. 3). This approach established the theoretical grounds for the discipline of adaptation studies as it developed in Europe and the West in the sixties and seventies. On the one hand, this thesis aims to introduce both adaptation and translation studies into the Iraqi academia as an effort to examine Iraqi fiction, particularly Saadawiâs Frankenstein in Baghdad, in parallel with the international and canonical literary works, such as Shelleyâs Frankenstein. On the other hand, this research will also attempt to investigate and subsequently showcase the conclusions of the analysis of the Iraqi novel to the readership and scholarship of the British and European Frankenstein. The intersectional grey zones of the West and East, the civilisational missing links between the world and marginal literature/s, and comparisons between Shelleyâs Gothic and science fiction and Saadawiâs Iraqi 2003 post-war reality will be portrayed in both of the selected novels. Therefore, this work represents the space shared by those novels to explore and discuss the various ways in which the latter work appropriates the former. Moreover, Saadawiâs work problematises several central themes also present in Saadawiâs work. For instance, Shelleyâs Frankenstein considers science and scientific creation from various aspects as its central theme, while Iraqi Frankenstein depicts a brutal war iv against Iraq that turns Iraqi society into a slaughterhouse through the incorporation and intervention of Iraqi militias, sectarian terrorists, the US Army and its allied forcesâ military attacks on and within the country. In other words, the Iraqi monster of Whatsitsname rising from the ashes of the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq, represents the failure of the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916, which divided the Middle East and created new artificial borders based on the interests of the early twentieth-century superpowers such as France, Britain and Russia. As a result, adaptation and cross-cultural translation will, likewise, be employed to examine the selected texts and highlight the strong relations that connect them. It will, additionally, highlight the significance of the Iraqi Frankenstein, a work that concentrates on the post-2003 war context of marginalised Iraq by problematising some of Shelleyâs main themes. Along with the various sources used in the process of undertaking this research, the current researcher conducted two interviews with the author of Frankenstein in Baghdad and its English translator into English language, which come as appendices at the end of this work. The main findings of this work revolve around the adaptation of the latter text by the former, the decontextualisation which exists in the latter, the expression of the disintegration and trauma of war, and the triumph of Saadawiâs novel as a crucial representational voice of the marginalised and repressed Iraq and its citizens.Programa de Doctorat en LlengĂŒes Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
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