9,166 research outputs found
Review of Metaheuristics and Generalized Evolutionary Walk Algorithm
Metaheuristic algorithms are often nature-inspired, and they are becoming
very powerful in solving global optimization problems. More than a dozen of
major metaheuristic algorithms have been developed over the last three decades,
and there exist even more variants and hybrid of metaheuristics. This paper
intends to provide an overview of nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms,
from a brief history to their applications. We try to analyze the main
components of these algorithms and how and why they works. Then, we intend to
provide a unified view of metaheuristics by proposing a generalized
evolutionary walk algorithm (GEWA). Finally, we discuss some of the important
open questions.Comment: 14 page
Optimization. An attempt at describing the State of the Art
This paper is an attempt at describing the State of the Art of the vast field of continuous optimization. We will survey deterministic and stochastic methods as well as hybrid approaches in their application to single objective and multiobjective optimization. We study the parameters of optimization algorithms and possibilities for tuning them. Finally, we discuss several methods for using approximate models for computationally expensive problems
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An enhanced artificial neural network with a shuffled complex evolutionary global optimization with principal component analysis
The classical Back-Propagation (BP) scheme with gradient-based optimization in training Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) suffers from many drawbacks, such as the premature convergence, and the tendency of being trapped in local optimums. Therefore, as an alternative for the BP and gradient-based optimization schemes, various Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), i.e., Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), and Differential Evolution (DE), have gained popularity in the field of ANN weight training. This study applied a new efficient and effective Shuffled Complex Evolutionary Global Optimization Algorithm with Principal Component Analysis â University of California Irvine (SP-UCI) to the weight training process of a three-layer feed-forward ANN. A large-scale numerical comparison is conducted among the SP-UCI-, PSO-, GA-, SA-, and DE-based ANNs on 17 benchmark, complex, and real-world datasets. Results show that SP-UCI-based ANN outperforms other EA-based ANNs in the context of convergence and generalization. Results suggest that the SP-UCI algorithm possesses good potential in support of the weight training of ANN in real-word problems. In addition, the suitability of different kinds of EAs on training ANN is discussed. The large-scale comparison experiments conducted in this paper are fundamental references for selecting proper ANN weight training algorithms in practice
Potential of the Cross Biaxial Test for Anisotropy Characterization Based on Heterogeneous Strain Field
International audienceThe mechanical behavior in cross biaxial tension was investigated for two metallic sheets, an aluminium alloy and a dual phase steel. The heterogeneous strain field in the central gauge area of a cruciform specimen was analyzed by digital image correlation. Minor and major strains were output along several paths, for a given load level just before necking, showing a wide range of strain states, from uniaxial tension to biaxial state. The applied loads along the two loading directions were also recorded, the gap between the two signals being all the most important that the material anisotropy was significant. Moreover, the strain path ratio, defined as the ratio of the minor strain over the major strain, exhibited a sensible non-monotonic evolution along the transverse direction, compared to the rolling direction. Finally, a material parameter identification process with only biaxial tensile test for Bron and Besson anisotropic yield model was proposed, based on the minimization of experimental and numerical principal strains along a specified path in the gauge area of the cruciform specimen
A survey of random processes with reinforcement
The models surveyed include generalized P\'{o}lya urns, reinforced random
walks, interacting urn models, and continuous reinforced processes. Emphasis is
on methods and results, with sketches provided of some proofs. Applications are
discussed in statistics, biology, economics and a number of other areas.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-PS094 in the Probability
Surveys (http://www.i-journals.org/ps/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Proper motions in the VVV Survey: Results for more than 15 million stars across NGC 6544
Context: In the last six years, the VVV survey mapped 562 sq. deg. across the
bulge and southern disk of the Galaxy. However, a detailed study of these
regions, which includes globular clusters (GCs) and thousands of open
clusters is by no means an easy challenge. High differential reddening and
severe crowding along the line of sight makes highly hamper to reliably
distinguish stars belonging to different populations and/or systems. Aims: The
aim of this study is to separate stars that likely belong to the Galactic GC
NGC 6544 from its surrounding field by means of proper motion (PM) techniques.
Methods: This work was based upon a new astrometric reduction method optimized
for images of the VVV survey. Results: Photometry over the six years baseline
of the survey allowed us to obtain a mean precision of mas/yr, in
each PM coordinate, for stars with Ks < 15 mag. In the area studied here,
cluster stars separate very well from field stars, down to the main sequence
turnoff and below, allowing us to derive for the first time the absolute PM of
NGC 6544. Isochrone fitting on the clean and differential reddening corrected
cluster color magnitude diagram yields an age of 11-13 Gyr, and
metallicity [Fe/H] = -1.5 dex, in agreement with previous studies restricted to
the cluster core. We were able to derive the cluster orbit assuming an
axisymmetric model of the Galaxy and conclude that NGC 6544 is likely a halo
GC. We have not detected tidal tail signatures associated to the cluster, but a
remarkable elongation in the galactic center direction has been found. The
precision achieved in the PM determination also allows us to separate bulge
stars from foreground disk stars, enabling the kinematical selection of bona
fide bulge stars across the whole survey area. Our results show that VVV data
is perfectly suitable for this kind of analysis.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted in A&
Evolutionary modeling in economics : recent history and immediate prospects
Abstract not availablemathematical economics and econometrics ;
ColDICE: a parallel Vlasov-Poisson solver using moving adaptive simplicial tessellation
Resolving numerically Vlasov-Poisson equations for initially cold systems can
be reduced to following the evolution of a three-dimensional sheet evolving in
six-dimensional phase-space. We describe a public parallel numerical algorithm
consisting in representing the phase-space sheet with a conforming,
self-adaptive simplicial tessellation of which the vertices follow the
Lagrangian equations of motion. The algorithm is implemented both in six- and
four-dimensional phase-space. Refinement of the tessellation mesh is performed
using the bisection method and a local representation of the phase-space sheet
at second order relying on additional tracers created when needed at runtime.
In order to preserve in the best way the Hamiltonian nature of the system,
refinement is anisotropic and constrained by measurements of local Poincar\'e
invariants. Resolution of Poisson equation is performed using the fast Fourier
method on a regular rectangular grid, similarly to particle in cells codes. To
compute the density projected onto this grid, the intersection of the
tessellation and the grid is calculated using the method of Franklin and
Kankanhalli (1993) generalised to linear order. As preliminary tests of the
code, we study in four dimensional phase-space the evolution of an initially
small patch in a chaotic potential and the cosmological collapse of a
fluctuation composed of two sinusoidal waves. We also perform a "warm" dark
matter simulation in six-dimensional phase-space that we use to check the
parallel scaling of the code.Comment: Code and illustration movies available at:
http://www.vlasix.org/index.php?n=Main.ColDICE - Article submitted to Journal
of Computational Physic
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