2,017 research outputs found
Hierarchical simulations of hybrid polymer-solid materials
Complex polymer-solid materials have gained a lot of attention during the last 2-3 decades due to the fundamental physical problems and the broad spectrum of technological applications in which they are involved. Therefore, significant progress concerning the simulations of such hybrid soft-hard nanostructured systems has been made in the last few years. Simulation techniques vary from quantum to microscopic (atomistic) up to mesoscopic (coarse-grained) level. Here we give a short overview of simulation approaches on model polymer-solid interfacial systems for all different levels of description. In addition, we also present a brief outlook concerning the open questions in this field, from the point of view of both physical problems and computational methodologies
Students’ view of Quantum Information Technologies, part 3
The article is part of a course on Quantum InformationTechnologies QIT conducted at the Faculty of Electronicsand Information Technology of the Warsaw University of Technology.The subject includes a publishing workshop exercised byengineering students. How do ICT engineers see QIT from theirpoint of view? How can they implement quantum technologies intheir future work? M.Sc. students usually have strictly declaredtopics for their master’s theses. The implementation of someworks is at an advanced stage. The potential areas of applicationof QIT are defined and narrow if they are to intellectuallyexpand the area of the completed theses. This is the idea ofincorporating QIT components or interfaces into classic ICTsolutions at the software and hardware level. It is possible topropose a solution in the form of a functional hybrid system. QITsystems should be functionally incorporated into the existing ICTenvironment, generating measurable added value. Such a task isquite demanding, but practice shows that it interests students.Solutions don’t have to be mature or even feasible. They canbe dreams of young engineers. The exercise is a publicationworkshop related to the fast development of QIT. The article isa continuation of publication exercises conducted with previousgroups of students participating in QIT lectures
Simulating Quantum Computations on Classical Machines: A Survey
We present a comprehensive study of quantum simulation methods and quantum
simulators for classical computers. We first study an exhaustive set of 150+
simulators and quantum libraries. Then, we short-list the simulators that are
actively maintained and enable simulation of quantum algorithms for more than
10 qubits. As a result, we realize that most efficient and actively maintained
simulators have been developed after 2010. We also provide a taxonomy of the
most important simulation methods, namely Schrodinger-based, Feynman path
integrals, Heisenberg-based, and hybrid methods. We observe that most
simulators fall in the category of Schrodinger-based approaches. However, there
are a few efficient simulators belonging to other categories. We also make note
that quantum frameworks form their own class of software tools that provide
more flexibility for algorithm designers with a choice of simulators/simulation
method. Another contribution of this study includes the use and classification
of optimization methods used in a variety of simulators. We observe that some
state-of-the-art simulators utilize a combination of software and hardware
optimization techniques to scale up the simulation of quantum circuits. We
summarize this study by providing a roadmap for future research that can
further enhance the use of quantum simulators in education and research.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, under revie
The Impact of a Nuclear Disturbance on a Space-Based Quantum Network
Quantum communications tap into the potential of quantum mechanics to go beyond the limitations of classical communications. Currently, the greatest challenge facing quantum networks is the limited transmission range of encoded quantum information. Space-based quantum networks offer a means to overcome this limitation, however the performance of such a network operating in harsh conditions is unknown. This dissertation analyzes the capabilities of a space-based quantum network operating in a nuclear disturbed environment. First, performance during normal operating conditions is presented using Gaussian beam modeling and atmospheric modeling to establish a baseline to compare against a perturbed environment. Then, the DEfense Land Fallout Interpretive Code software and computational fluid dynamics study the effect of a nuclear explosion on the surrounding environment. Finally, these sources of noise are combined to estimate the degradation of quantum states being transmitted through a nuclear disturbed environment. It is found that the effects of a nuclear environment on a quantum network is a function of the height of blast, the explosive yield, and the network design. Debris lofted into the atmosphere during a surface blast dissipate after a couple of hours, yet the concentration is initially high and results in heavy signal loss. The nuclear fireball produced additional background light interference that scatters into the receiver\u27s detector from tens of seconds to a couple of minutes, causing excessive noise in the detector. All these effects are likely to impede a quantum network’s ability to distribute quantum information between a ground station and low Earth orbit satellite for approximately one transmission period. Afterwards, by the next satellite pass, normal operation is expected to resume. These results provide the operational capabilities of space-based optical quantum networks following a nuclear explosion. The model can be expanded to model satellite-based quantum networks in other harsh atmospheric environments
Quantum-Inspired Machine Learning: a Survey
Quantum-inspired Machine Learning (QiML) is a burgeoning field, receiving
global attention from researchers for its potential to leverage principles of
quantum mechanics within classical computational frameworks. However, current
review literature often presents a superficial exploration of QiML, focusing
instead on the broader Quantum Machine Learning (QML) field. In response to
this gap, this survey provides an integrated and comprehensive examination of
QiML, exploring QiML's diverse research domains including tensor network
simulations, dequantized algorithms, and others, showcasing recent
advancements, practical applications, and illuminating potential future
research avenues. Further, a concrete definition of QiML is established by
analyzing various prior interpretations of the term and their inherent
ambiguities. As QiML continues to evolve, we anticipate a wealth of future
developments drawing from quantum mechanics, quantum computing, and classical
machine learning, enriching the field further. This survey serves as a guide
for researchers and practitioners alike, providing a holistic understanding of
QiML's current landscape and future directions.Comment: 56 pages, 13 figures, 8 table
Efficient Representation of Minimally Entangled Typical Thermal States in two dimensions via Projected Entangled Pair States
The Minimally Entangled Typical Thermal States (METTS) are an ensemble of
pure states, equivalent to the Gibbs thermal state, that can be efficiently
represented by tensor networks. In this article, we use the Projected Entangled
Pair States (PEPS) ansatz as to represent METTS on a two-dimensional (2D)
lattice. While Matrix Product States (MPS) are less efficient for 2D systems
due to their complexity growing exponentially with the lattice size, PEPS
provide a more tractable approach. To substantiate the prowess of PEPS in
modeling METTS (dubbed as PEPS-METTS), we benchmark it against the purification
method for the 2D quantum Ising model at its critical temperature. Our analysis
reveals that PEPS-METTS achieves accurate long-range correlations with
significantly lower bond dimensions. We further corroborate this finding in the
2D Fermi Hubbard model at half-filling. At a technical level, we introduce an
efficient \textit{zipper} method to obtain PEPS boundary matrix product states
needed to compute expectation values. The imaginary time evolution is performed
with the neighbourhood tensor update.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figure
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