UWB Low Power RF System for Localization

Real time indoor positioning awareness systems aim to add localization capabilities to upcoming wireless technologies that are quickly becoming an important feature for indoor environment. RF-based impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) is a promising technology for in-door positioning systems due to obstacle penetration capabilities, immunity to multi-path and fading, and high resolution. Major challenge for IR-UWB systems is to achieve higher sensitivity, which puts high sampling demands on receivers, increasing the cost and power consumption. This research concentrates on the design of low power ultra-wideband transceivers and analyses different performance trade-offs. The first part focuses on the trade-off and benefits of UWB for indoor localization. It also discusses battery-less wirelessly-powered UWB transceivers tags, power scavenging for low power wireless sensor networks. In the second part, a low power indoor localization system is proposed and design of low power interference tolerant RF receiver front-end is also presented. Finally, a wide-band inductor-less balun low-noise amplifier (LNA) is demonstrated. To achieve good noise figure, linearity and low power consumption, it exploits a current reuse input common source (CS) stage with source follower (SF) feedback and admittance scaled CS stage for noise and distortion cancellation. By separating gain and input match with active feedback, a higher gain is achieved. This architecture significantly decreases required area and provides high RF gain allowing for higher sensitivity with non-coherent RF receiver architecture

Current reuse topology in UWB CMOS LNA

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CMOS Power Amplifier Design Techniques for UWB Communication: A Review

This paper reviews CMOS power amplifier (PA) design techniques in favour of ultra-wideband (UWB) application. The PA circuit design is amongst the most difficult delegation in developing the UWB transmitter due to conditions that must be achieved, including high gain, good input and output matching, efficiency, linearity, low group delay and low power consumption. In order to meet these requirements, many researchers came up with different techniques. Among the techniques used are distributed amplifiers, resistive shunt feedback, RLC matching, shuntshunt feedback, inductive source degeneration, current reuse, shunt peaking, and stagger tuning. Therefore, problems and limitation of UWB CMOS PA and circuit topology are reviewed. A number of works on the UWB CMOS PA from the year 2004 to 2016 are reviewed in this paper. In recent developments, UWB CMOS PA are analysed, hence imparting a comparison of performance criteria based on several different topologies

Survey on individual components for a 5 GHz receiver system using 130 nm CMOS technology

La intención de esta tesis es recopilar información desde un punto de vista general sobre los diferentes tipos de componentes utilizados en un receptor de señales a 5 GHz utilizando tecnología CMOS. Se ha realizado una descripción y análisis de cada uno de los componentes que forman el sistema, destacando diferentes tipos de configuraciones, figuras de mérito y otros parámetros. Se muestra una tabla resumen al final de cada sección, comparando algunos diseños que se han ido presentando a lo largo de los años en conferencias internacionales de la IEEE.The intention of this thesis is to gather information from an overview point about the different types of components used in a 5 GHz receiver using CMOS technology. A review of each of the components that form the system has been made, highlighting different types of configurations, figure of merits and parameters. A summary table is shown at the end of each section, comparing many designs that have been presented over the years at international conferences of the IEEE.Departamento de Ingeniería Energética y FluidomecánicaGrado en Ingeniería en Electrónica Industrial y Automátic

Forward Body Biased Low Power 4.0-10.6 GHz Wideband Low Noise Amplifier

A forward body biased low power Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) is designed using Common Gate (CG) topology. By using current reuse technique between the first stage and second stage Common Source topology accompanied with forward body biasing leads to low power dissipation. A series to parallel tank circuit at this stage leads to wideband design. A shunt peaking inductor at the drain terminal of second stage causes the higher frequency peak to increase leading to wide bandwidth. Two CS cascade stages are used to increase the overall gain of the proposed LNA with a buffer stage at the output for output matching. The proposed LNA attained maximum gain of 26.39 dB with a gain greater than 16 dB over entire range. The circuit gives reflection coefficient less than – 10 dB with NF 2.7 dB. With Vdd of 0.925 V, a DC current of 8.32 mA is consumed giving 7.7 mW power consumption

Mixed Linearity Improvement Techniques for Ultra-wideband Low Noise Amplifier

We present the linearization of an ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (UWB-LNA) operating from 2GHz to 11GHz through combining two linearization methods. The used linearization techniques are the combination of post-distortion cancellation and derivative-superposition linearization methods. The linearized UWB-LNA shows an improved linearity (IIP3) of +12dBm, a minimum noise figure (NFmin.) of 3.6dB, input and output insertion losses (S11 and S22)  below -9dB over the entire working bandwidth, midband gain of 6dB at 5.8GHz, and overall circuit power consumption of 24mW supplied from a 1.5V voltage source. Both UWB-LNA and linearized UWB-LNA designs are verified and simulated with ADS2016.01 software using BSIM3v3 TSMC 180nm CMOS model files. In addition, the linearized UWB-LNA performance is compared with other recent state-of-the-art LNAs

Negative image amplifier technique for performance enhancement of ultra wideband LNA

The paper aims at designing of two stage cascaded ultra-wideband (UWB) low noise amplifier (LNA) by using negative image amplifier technique. The objective of this article is to show the performance improvement using negative image amplifier technique and realization of negative valued lumped elements into microstrip line geometry. The innovative technique to realize the negative lumped elements are carried out by using Richard’s Transformation and transmission line calculation. The AWR microwave office tool is used to obtain characteristics of UWB LNA design with hybrid microwave integrated circuit (HMIC) technology. The 2-stage cascaded LNA design using negative image amplifier technique achieves average gain of 23dB gain and low noise figure of less than 2dB with return loss less than -8dB for UWB 3-10GHz. The Proper bias circuit is extracted using DC characteristics of transistor at biasing point 2V, 20mA and discussed in detail with LNA layout. The negative image matching technique is applied for both input and output matching network. This work will be useful for all low power UWB wireless receiver applications

A New CMOS Fully Differential Low Noise Amplifier for Wideband Applications

In this paper, a multi-stage fully differential low noise amplifier (LNA) has been presented for wideband applications. A common-gate input stage is used to improve the input impedance matching and linearity. A common-source stage is also used as the second stage to enhance gain and reduce noise. A shunt-shunt feedback is employed to extend bandwidth and enhance linearity. The proposed low noise amplifier has been designed and simulated using RF-TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process technology. In frequency band of 3.5-7.5 GHz, this amplifier has a flat power gain (S21) of 16.5 ± 1.5 dB, low noise figure (NF) of 3dB, input (S11) and output (S22) return losses less than -10 dB and high linearity with input thirdorder intercept point (IIP3) of -3dBm. It’s power consumption is also less than 10 mw with low power supply voltage of 0.8v