161 research outputs found
Historical background and constraints of a grapevine germplasm foundation in HajdĂș-Bihar county, Eastern Hungary
The historical background of Debrecen linked to viticulture and wine-making stands mainly on the lack of drinkable water, the necessity of drinkable liquid during wartime and epidemics. The special character of the city evolved together with the changing lives of citizens and the increasing trade importance of the city. Period of Turkish occupation gave impetus to the formation of the 11 vine gardens of the settlement. After the devastation of rootmite and peronospora âKadaricaâ and âNagy burgundyâ (âBlaufrankishâ), in smaller proportion - on lower sites â âCabernetâ were planted. As white varieties âEzerjĂłâ, âOlasz Rizlingâ, âKövidinkaâ, âwhite Mustosâ, in smaller proportion âSzlankamenkaâ, âErdeiâ, âSzilvanerâ, âMĂ©zesfehĂ©râ, âBakarâ, âVelteliniâ (red), âFehĂ©r burgundiâ (? white burdunder), âRajnai rizlingâ, âRed Traminiâ, âFurmintâ, âMuscat Lunelâ, âJĂĄrdovĂĄnyâ and âJuh-farkâ were planted. After the Trianon treaty in 1920, 2/3rd of Hungary was cut away. ĂrmellĂ©k wine region was also cut in two, thus Debrecen broke away from its wine region. Legal regulations after the World War II. (1959) referred back to variety application advised in 1924 for âplace suitable for good wine production, not included in any wine regionâ, like Debrecen listing âEzerjĂłâ, âMĂ©zesfehĂ©râ, âOlaszrizlingâ, âBĂĄnĂĄti rizlingâ, âFurmintâ, âHĂĄrslevelƱâ, âKövidinkaâ, KecskemĂ©t virĂĄgaâ, âPiros szlankamenkaâ,âPozsonyi fehĂ©râ; âKadarkaâ, âOportĂłâ and âKĂ©kfrankosâ (Blaufrankish). The political changes of 1990 and Hungaryâs admission to the Eurepoean Union almost annihilated the wine production of Debrecen. However little gardens conserved historic varieties which could date back even to many centuries. Through a local magazine a collecting work was announced pointing to gather ancient local (Vitis vinifera conv. pontica) varieties forming a genebank, established on the experimental station of the University of Debrecen. In 2014, about 112 items were collected (accessions). As a 2nd round of the work, with a more detailed and precise work, further 81 items were put into the reservatum. The latter represent single stuck collection, whereas the first ones are to be studied az mixed items. Most notable accession names (ACENAME) of the work are: âFehĂ©r gohĂ©râ, âVeres gohĂ©râ, âFekete gohĂ©râ, âKĂ©k gohĂ©râ, âErdeiâ, âEzerjĂłâ, âKƱbeliâ, âRizlingâ, âMĂ©zes fehĂ©râ, âDinkaâ, âMadlingâ, âBakatorâ and âKadarkaâ. Simulteneously with the strenghening and morphological description of conserved stucks genetic identification of the items is being elaborated. Database comprising FAO/IPGRI multi-crop passport descriptors and OIV Primary descriptor priority list are to be published on-line in between the development of the platform
BĂLCSĂSZTANĂROK PUBLIKĂCIĂI A DEBRECENI SZEMLE HASĂBJAIN
A Tisza IstvĂĄn TudomĂĄnyos TĂĄrsasĂĄg szervezte azt a kornak megfelelĆ tudomĂĄnyos szĂnvonalĂș folyĂłiratot, mely 1927-tĆl 1944-ig 19 szĂĄmot adott közre Ă©s szerzĆi elsĆsorban debreceni egyetemi oktatĂłk, közĂ©piskolai tanĂĄrok, szakĂrĂłk, vidĂ©ken dolgozĂł Ă©rtelmisĂ©giek, orszĂĄgos hĂrƱ tudĂłsok Ă©s ĂrĂłk voltak. A doktori disszertĂĄciĂłmban szereplĆ bölcsĂ©sztanĂĄrok többsĂ©ge a Debreceni Szemle â mint a vĂĄros tudomĂĄnyos Ă©letĂ©nek egyik legjelentĆsebb fĂłruma â hasĂĄbjain rendszeresen publikĂĄlt. A lapot kĂ©t egyetemi tanĂĄr, Hankiss JĂĄnos Ă©s Milleker RezsĆ szerkesztettĂ©k. Minden mĂĄsodik szĂĄm tĂĄrsadalmi, illetve termĂ©szettudomĂĄnyos tematikĂĄt ölelt fel. Kezdetben Ă©vente tĂzszer, kĂ©sĆbb tizenkĂ©tszer, majd a hĂĄborĂșs Ă©vekben ismĂ©t tĂzszer vagy annĂĄl is ritkĂĄbban jelent meg, mĂg 1944-ben megszƱnt, Ă©s csak sok Ă©vvel kĂ©sĆbb indult Ășjra. A VĂĄros tĂĄmogatĂĄsĂĄval jelent meg a folyĂłirat, ĂĄm tematikĂĄja mĂ©gsem szƱkĂŒlt regionĂĄlissĂĄ, pedig azt tekintette elsĆrendƱ feladatĂĄnak. Ezen kĂvĂŒl a Debreceni Egyetem Ă©s a TĂĄrsasĂĄg mƱködtette viszonylag magas pĂ©ldĂĄnyszĂĄmban, melynek 1932-tĆl hivatalosan a szemlĂ©je lett, s az maradt megszƱnĂ©sĂ©ig
The Population Structure in the Royal Borough of Debrecen from the Beginnings to the Trianonâs Peace Treaty
Debrecen ili âkalvinski Rimâ, kako se Äesto naziva, danas je drugi po veliÄini maÄarski grad i od 16. stoljeÄa sjediĆĄte je Protestanske crkve. PrihvaÄanje nove vjeroispovijesti znatno je pridonijelo snaĆŸenju maÄarskog jezika i knjiĆŸevnosti na materinskom jeziku, a time i jaÄanju nacionalne svijesti koja je i danas vrlo svojstvena maÄarskim protestantima, Äak toliko da se gdjekad spominje i kao jedna od njihovih karakteristika. Druga znakovitost vezana uz Debrecen i protestante jest Äinjenica kako su katolici bili potisnuti ne samo iz javnoga ĆŸivota nego Äak i iz grada. Dobivanje statusa slobodnoga grada od strane kralja Leopolda I. 1693. godine bilo je uvjetovano uz obvezu Debrecena da dopusti povratak katoliÄkoga sveÄenstva i crkvenog ĆŸivota u grad poslije dvoipolstoljetnog prisilnog izgnanstva. âKalvinski Rimâ pristao je na taj uvjet te je grad darovao zemljiĆĄte na kojemu su redovnici pijaristi podigli danaĆĄnju prvostolnu crkvu svete Ane. UnatoÄ burnoj proĆĄlosti, grad koji MaÄari Äesto spominju samo kao âcivisâ ponajprije je zanimljiv po svome demografskom razvoju, napose glede vjerske strukture stanovniĆĄtva koja se mijenjala kroz stoljeÄa. Danas je u Debrecenu meÄu vjerujuÄima Protestantska crkva joĆĄ uvijek dominantna, ali je razvidan porast katolika i posebice grkokatolika (unijata). Porast broja potonjih moĆŸe se objasniti i blizinom Ukrajine i Rumunjske, u kojima na pograniÄnim podruÄjima ĆŸivi relativno visok broj grkokatolika, premda su stanovnici u objema zemljama uglavnom pravoslavci.Debrecen or the «Calvinist Rome» as usually called, is nowadays the second biggest city in Hungary and has been the centre of the Protestant Church since the 16th century. The acceptance of a new religion contributed significantly to strengthening of the Hungarian language and literature in mother tongue and national consciousness which is very present with the Hungarian Protestants to the extent that it is sometimes mentioned as their unique feature. Another feature linked with Debrecen and the Protestants is the fact that the Catholics were ousted not only from public life but from the town as well. The Royal Borough status by the king Leopold I in 1693 was conditioned by the obligation of the town to allow the return of Catholic clergy and ecclesiastical life to the town after two and half centuries of forced exile. The «Calvinist Rome» accepted this condition and the town provided for a construction site on which the Piarists built the todayâs St Anneâs cathedral. In spite of tumultuous past the town that the Hungarians often refer to as ââcivisââ, is interesting for its demographic development especially concerning the religious population structure which changed in course of the centuries. Nowadays the Debrecen Protestant church is believed to be dominant but the growth of Catholics is evident especially of Eastern-Rite Catholics (Uniats). The increase of the latter can be explained by a close vicinity of Ukraine and Romania where there is a great number of Greek-Catholics living in borderland area although inhabitants in both countries are mainly Eastern Orthodox Christians
His Soul Is Weeping inside That He Cannot Bury the Dead as before.â Plague and Rebellion in Debrecen (Hungary), 1739â1742
This is a historical anthropological study of a period of social and religious tensions in a Calvinist city in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first half of the 18th century. The last and greatest plague epidemic to devastate Hungary and Transylvania between cca. 1738 and 1743 led to a clash of different opinions and beliefs on the origin of the plague and ways of fighting it. Situated on the Great Hungarian Plain, the city of Debrecen saw not only frequent violations of the imposed lockdown measures among its inhabitants but also a major uprising in 1739. The author examines the historical sources (handwritten city records, written and printed regulations, criminal proceedings, and other documents) to be found in the Debrecen city archives, as well as the writings of the local Calvinist pastors published in the same town. The purpose of the study is to outline the main directions of interpretation concerning the plague and manifest in the urban uprising. According to the findings of the author, there was a stricter and chronologically earlier direction, more in keeping with local Puritanism in the second half of the 17th century, and there was also a more moderate and later one, more in line with the assumptions and expectations of late 18th-century medical science. While the former set of interpretations seems to have been founded especially on a so-called “internal” cure (i.e., religious piety and repentance), the latter proposed mostly “external” means (i.e., quarantine measures and herbal medicine) to avoid the plague and be rid of it. There seems to have existed, however, a third set of interpretations: that of folk beliefs and practices, i.e., sorcery and magic. According to the files, a number of so-called “wise women” also attempted to cure the plague-stricken by magical means. The third set of interpretations and their implied practices were not tolerated by either of the other two. The author provides a detailed micro-historical analysis of local events and the social and religious discourses into which they were embedded
A Debreceni NyĂĄri Egyetem - mint alternatĂv oktatĂĄsi szervezet - mƱködĂ©se 1927-1949 között
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