MSAT network architecture

The Mobile Satellite (MSAT) communications system will support mobile voice and data services using circuit switched and packet switched facilities with interconnection to the public switched telephone network and private networks. Control of the satellite network will reside in a Network Control System (NCS) which is being designed to be extremely flexible to provide for the operation of the system initially with one multi-beam satellite, but with capability to add additional satellites which may have other beam configurations. The architecture of the NCS is described. The signalling system must be capable of supporting the protocols for the assignment of circuits for mobile public telephone and private network calls as well as identifying packet data networks. The structure of a straw-man signalling system is discussed

Base station transceiver design in a digital wireless local loop system

During the past ten years the mobile radio communications industry has significantly grown. The miniaturization technologies have allowed smaller and smaller portable terminal radio equipment. People throughout the world have been adhering to the wireless communications methods and services mainly of the public cellular mobile network. The digital cellular mobile networks already implemented all over the world such as for instance, the GSM, PDC and IS-95 provide a very low bit rate which is inefficient for data and video services. Higher bit rate mobile networks are now under research and development. This paper describes a base station transceiver for a higher bit rate digital wireless local loop communications syste

Alternative communication network designs for an operational Plato 4 CAI system

The cost of alternative communications networks for the dissemination of PLATO IV computer-aided instruction (CAI) was studied. Four communication techniques are compared: leased telephone lines, satellite communication, UHF TV, and low-power microwave radio. For each network design, costs per student contact hour are computed. These costs are derived as functions of student population density, a parameter which can be calculated from census data for one potential market for CAI, the public primary and secondary schools. Calculating costs in this way allows one to determine which of the four communications alternatives can serve this market least expensively for any given area in the U.S. The analysis indicates that radio distribution techniques are cost optimum over a wide range of conditions

Is Your Wireless Network Being Hacked?

Wireless networks provide vulnerable gateways for unauthorised entry to networks or even a standalone wireless computer. The independent radio signals that constitute wireless communications have no physical boundary to keep them in check. This allows a third party to easily eavesdrop on communications sessions and by capturing the data packets, they can break the encryption keys and access the data within the network. The public awareness of the insecurity of wireless networks is surprisingly poor despite frequent news media reports of the vulnerabilities of the equipment and the activities of the criminals prepare to exploit it. In this paper we review the security protocols commonly used on wireless networks and investigate their weaknesses by showing how easy it is to crack the codes using tools freely available on the Internet

Limits of the Federal Wiretap Act\u27s Ability to Protect against Wi-Fi Sniffing

Adoption of Wi-Fi wireless technology continues to see explosive growth. However many users still operate their home Wi-Fi networks in unsecured mode or use publicly available unsecured Wi-Fi networks, thus exposing their communications to the dangers of packet sniffing, a technique used for eavesdropping on a network. Some have argued that communications over unsecured Wi-Fi networks are readily accessible to the general public and that such communications are therefore excluded from the broad protections of the Federal Wiretap Act against intentional interception of electronic communications. This Note examines the Federal Wiretap Act and argues that the current Act\u27s treatment of Wi-Fi sniffing might protect unsecured Wi-Fi communications under some circumstances, but that any such protections are incidental, unsystematic, and uncertain. This Note further argues that the current statute\u27s readily accessible to the general public language should be interpreted in a way that addresses concerns about Wi-Fi sniffing and users\u27 expectations of privacy. Users\u27 current expectations stem from their limited understanding of the underlying Wi-Fi technology and the accompanying security risks and, more importantly, from the fact that private communications cannot be intercepted without specialized tools and knowledge not readily available to the general public. Finally, this Note advocates for amending the Federal Wiretap Act to remove uncertainty regarding protections against Wi-Fi sniffing. Clear protections against Wi-Fi sniffing would avoid the private and social cost of data theft resulting from sniffing and could close the gap between users\u27 theoretical ability to protect themselves by using security mechanisms and their reduced practical ability to take any such protective measures

Advanced Communications Systems

The Advanced Communication Systems Project is concerned with new communication technologies that can support a wide range of different communication applications in the context of large public networks. Communications networks in common use today have been tailored to specific applications and while they perform their assigned functions well, they are difficult to adapt to new uses. There currently are no general purpose networks, rather there are telephone networks, low-speed data networks and cable television networks. As new communications applications proliferate, it becomes clear that in the long term, a more flexible communications infrastructure will be needed. The Integrated Services Digital Network concept provides a first step in that direction. We concerned with the next generation of systems that will ultimately succeed ISDN. The main focus of the effort in the ACS project is a particular switching technology we call broadcast packet switching. The key attributes of this technology are (1) the ability to support connections of any data rate from a few bits per second to over 100 Mb/s, (2) the ability to support flexible multi-point connections suitable for entertainment video, LAN interconnection and voice/video teleconferencing, (3) the ability to efficiently support bursty information sources, (4) the ability to upgrade network performance incrementally as technology improves and (5) the separation of information transport functions from application-dependent functions so as to provide maximum flexibility for future services

Advanced Communications Systems

The Advanced Communication Systems Project is concerned with new communication technologies that can support a wide range of different communication applications in the context of large public networks. Communications networks in common use today have been tailored to specific applications and while they perform their assigned functions well, they are difficult to adapt to new uses. There currently are no general purpose networks, rather there are telephone networks, low-speed data networks and cable television networks. As new communications applications proliferate, it becomes clear that in the long term, a more flexible communications infrastructure will be needed. The Integrated Services Digital Network concept provides a first step in that direction. We concerned with the next generation of systems that will ultimately succeed ISDN. The main focus of the effort in the ACS project is a particular switching technology we call broadcast packet switching. The key attributes of this technology are (1) the ability to support connections of any data rate from a few bits per second to over 100 Mb/s, (2) the ability to support flexible multi-point connections suitable for entertainment video, LAN interconnection and voice/video teleconferencing, (3) the ability to efficiently support bursty information sources, (4) the ability to upgrade network performance incrementally as technology improves and (5) the separation of information transport functions from application-dependent functions so as to provide maximum flexibility for future services

Exploring Blockchain Data Analysis and Its Communications Architecture: Achievements, Challenges, and Future Directions: A Review Article

Blockchain technology is relatively young but has the potential to disrupt several industries. Since the emergence of Bitcoin, also known as Blockchain 1.0, there has been significant interest in this technology. The introduction of Ethereum, or Blockchain 2.0, has expanded the types of data that can be stored on blockchain networks. The increasing popularity of blockchain technology has given rise to new challenges, such as user privacy and illicit financial activities, but has also facilitated technical advancements. Blockchain technology utilizes cryptographic hashes of user input to record transactions. The public availability of blockchain data presents a unique opportunity for academics to analyze it and gain a better understanding of the challenges in blockchain communications. Researchers have never had access to such an opportunity before. Therefore, it is crucial to highlight the research problems, accomplishments, and potential trends and challenges in blockchain network data analysis and communications. This article aims to examine and summarize the field of blockchain data analysis and communications. The review encompasses the fundamental data types, analytical techniques, architecture, and operations related to blockchain networks. Seven research challenges are addressed: entity recognition, privacy, risk analysis, network visualization, network structure, market impact, and transaction pattern recognition. The latter half of this section discusses future research directions, opportunities, and challenges based on previous research limitations