8,110 research outputs found
Integration of Data Driven Technologies in Smart Grids for Resilient and Sustainable Smart Cities: A Comprehensive Review
A modern-day society demands resilient, reliable, and smart urban
infrastructure for effective and in telligent operations and deployment.
However, unexpected, high-impact, and low-probability events such as
earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, and hurricanes make the design of such robust
infrastructure more complex. As a result of such events, a power system
infrastructure can be severely affected, leading to unprecedented events, such
as blackouts. Nevertheless, the integration of smart grids into the existing
framework of smart cities adds to their resilience. Therefore, designing a
resilient and reliable power system network is an inevitable requirement of
modern smart city infras tructure. With the deployment of the Internet of
Things (IoT), smart cities infrastructures have taken a transformational turn
towards introducing technologies that do not only provide ease and comfort to
the citizens but are also feasible in terms of sustainability and
dependability. This paper presents a holistic view of a resilient and
sustainable smart city architecture that utilizes IoT, big data analytics,
unmanned aerial vehicles, and smart grids through intelligent integration of
renew able energy resources. In addition, the impact of disasters on the power
system infrastructure is investigated and different types of optimization
techniques that can be used to sustain the power flow in the network during
disturbances are compared and analyzed. Furthermore, a comparative review
analysis of different data-driven machine learning techniques for sustainable
smart cities is performed along with the discussion on open research issues and
challenges
Dancing on a Pin: Health Planning in Arizona
This publication challenges us to step back and reflect on the past, present and future of health systems. Take a deeper look at planning and how we got here, review the roles of competition and regulation, and learn about the health planning matrix along with the concept of health planning bridges. Discover for yourself if these thoughts and tools help the signal of quality health planning rise more clearly from out of the noise
On the Definition of Cyber-Physical Resilience in Power Systems
In recent years, advanced sensors, intelligent automation, communication
networks, and information technologies have been integrated into the electric
grid to enhance its performance and efficiency. Integrating these new
technologies has resulted in more interconnections and interdependencies
between the physical and cyber components of the grid. Natural disasters and
man-made perturbations have begun to threaten grid integrity more often. Urban
infrastructure networks are highly reliant on the electric grid and
consequently, the vulnerability of infrastructure networks to electric grid
outages is becoming a major global concern. In order to minimize the economic,
social, and political impacts of power system outages, the grid must be
resilient. The concept of a power system cyber-physical resilience centers
around maintaining system states at a stable level in the presence of
disturbances. Resilience is a multidimensional property of the electric grid,
it requires managing disturbances originating from physical component failures,
cyber component malfunctions, and human attacks. In the electric grid
community, there is not a clear and universally accepted definition of
cyber-physical resilience. This paper focuses on the definition of resilience
for the electric grid and reviews key concepts related to system resilience.
This paper aims to advance the field not only by adding cyber-physical
resilience concepts to power systems vocabulary, but also by proposing a new
way of thinking about grid operation with unexpected disturbances and hazards
and leveraging distributed energy resources.Comment: 20 pages. This is a modified versio
Performance Measures to Assess Resiliency and Efficiency of Transit Systems
Transit agencies are interested in assessing the short-, mid-, and long-term performance of infrastructure with the objective of enhancing resiliency and efficiency. This report addresses three distinct aspects of New Jersey’s Transit System: 1) resiliency of bridge infrastructure, 2) resiliency of public transit systems, and 3) efficiency of transit systems with an emphasis on paratransit service.
This project proposed a conceptual framework to assess the performance and resiliency for bridge structures in a transit network before and after disasters utilizing structural health monitoring (SHM), finite element (FE) modeling and remote sensing using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The public transit systems in NY/NJ were analyzed based on their vulnerability, resiliency, and efficiency in recovery following a major natural disaster
Disaster management and mitigation: the telecommunications infrastructure
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73429/1/j.1467-7717.2008.01060.x.pd
From planning to resilience: The role (and value) of the emergency plan
This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Technological Forecasting & Social Change. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Technological Forecasting & Social Change 121 (2017) 17–30. DOI 10.1016/j.techfore.2016.12.004.The study of resilience in the emergency management field is nowadays in effervescence. Traditionally, the
robustness of organizations against disasters is based on several pillars: equipment, staff training, organization
and, especially, planning. All of these dimensions are aimed at increasing the preparedness and recovery of
organizations against disasters. While the approaches to resilience in emergency management focus on the
processes that implement these dimensions, we approach resilience-building processes from a different
perspective: instead of focusing on planning-related activities, we pay attention to the principal outcome of
such activities, namely emergency plan.
We show how the management of the emergency plan can contribute to reinforcing an organization's resilience.
First, we identify the major resilience-related emergency plan components and suggest improved emergency
plans that consider the characteristics that contribute to resilience. Secondly, we show how to reinforce the
resilience of the organizations that have emergency plans. Our study is based on QuEP, a quality-based
framework for the assessment and improvement of emergency plan management within organizations.
We have extended and integrated the resilience characteristics as practices of the QuEP's maturity level
hierarchy to make up QuEP + R. We describe its resilience model and give details of a supporting tool, currently
under development.
© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.The work of M. C. Penades and J. H. Canos& was partially funded by MINECO under grant CALPE (TIN2015-68608-R) and A.G. NCifiez received support from SENESCYT scholarship program of the Republic of Ecuador.Penadés Gramage, MC.; Núñez Ávila, AG.; Canos Cerda, JH. (2016). From planning to resilience: The role (and value) of the emergency plan. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 121(3):17-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.12.004S1730121
Present and future resilience research driven by science and technology
Community resilience against major disasters is a multidisciplinary research field that garners an ever-increasing interest worldwide. This paper provides summaries of the discussions held on the subject matter and the research outcomes presented during the Second Resilience Workshop in Nanjing and Shanghai. It, thus, offers a community view of present work and future research directions identified by the workshop participants who hail from Asia – including China, Japan and Korea; Europe and the Americas
Cyber-physical interdependent restoration scheduling for active distribution network via ad hoc wireless communication
This paper proposes a post-disaster cyber-physical interdependent restoration
scheduling (CPIRS) framework for active distribution networks (ADN) where the
simultaneous damages on cyber and physical networks are considered. The ad hoc
wireless device-to-device (D2D) communication is leveraged, for the first time,
to establish cyber networks instantly after the disaster to support ADN
restoration. The repair and operation crew dispatching, the remote-controlled
network reconfiguration and the system operation with DERs can be effectively
coordinated under the cyber-physical interactions. The uncertain outputs of
renewable energy resources (RESs) are represented by budget-constrained
polyhedral uncertainty sets. Through implementing linearization techniques on
disjunctive expressions, a monolithic mixed-integer linear programming (MILP)
based two-stage robust optimization model is formulated and subsequently solved
by a customized column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm. Numerical
results on the IEEE 123-node distribution system demonstrate the effectiveness
and superiorities of the proposed CPIRS method for ADN
Application of a Blockchain Enabled Model in Disaster Aids Supply Network Resilience
The disaster area is a dynamic environment. The bottleneck in distributing the supplies may be from the damaged infrastructure or the unavailability of accurate information about the required amounts. The success of the disaster response network is based on collaboration, coordination, sovereignty, and equality in relief distribution. Therefore, a reliable dynamic communication system is required to facilitate the interactions, enhance the knowledge for the relief operation, prioritize, and coordinate the goods distribution. One of the promising innovative technologies is blockchain technology which enables transparent, secure, and real-time information exchange and automation through smart contracts. This study analyzes the application of blockchain technology on disaster management resilience. The influences of this most promising application on the disaster aid supply network resilience combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) and Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS) algorithm are explored employing a network-based simulation. The theoretical analysis reveals an advancement in disaster-aids supply network strategies using smart contracts for collaborations. The simulation study indicates an enhance in resilience by improvement in collaboration and communication due to more time-efficient processing for disaster supply management. From the investigations, insights have been derived for researchers in the field and the managers interested in practical implementation
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