Predictive Control of Irrigation Channels

The aim of this project is to make a predictive controller of a part of an irrigation channel. The channel is called ``The Haughton Main Channel'' (HMC) and is situated in Queensland. Irrigation channels are used by farmers all around the year and it is important that they deliver water on demand. The project has been made in cooperation with the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Melbourne and the company Rubicon Systems Australia. The goals of the project are to keep the water level constant in the main channe l despite of disturbances (when farmers are taking water from the channel), and also to move the gates as little as possible because of the limited power of the solar cells and we do not want to cause waves in the channels To be able to reach these goals it is important to have a good model for the channel that explains its physical behaviour in mathematical terms. When you have the mathematical functions you can make a predictive controller with help from ``Model Predictive Control'' (MPC) theories. The criterion for MPC is the same as for linear quadratic control (LQ-control), for more details see chapter three. The control law is computed over a certain time horizon. In every time step an optimization is made and a new control law for that time step is calculated. The time horizon is then moved one time step and a new optimization is made. The resulting control law is in general time varying and cannot be expressed in closed form. In this report we will explain how we have developed a predictive controller and the different tools we have been using. Our result is a predictive controller that controls two pools in the Haughton Main Channel

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGONTROLAN IRIGASI BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS

Irrigation is a way of providing water supply to agricultural land. The irrigation control system in Indonesia still uses a manual system to open and close irrigation channels using traditional methods. The control and arrangement of irrigation channels based on the Internet of Things using the NodeMCU ESP8266 control board is a tool designed to help farmers irrigate farmland remotely in real time through the Blynk application. This tool made aims to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the work of the farmers. The process of controlling the tool can be done anywhere and anytime when connected to the internet in realtime. Testing on the tools using rice paddy prototypes. In testing connectivity and speed, the average control delay is 00: 01.28s without any problems. Produce an irrigation control device based on the Internet of Things that uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 board and can make it easier for farmers to control and monitor irrigation systems remotely without having to come to the location manually

Simulation of PID control applied to irrigation channels

Open-channel flow usually includes many hydraulic elements to help with the regulation of water supply in terms of automatic control. On the other hand, the one-dimensional Shallow Water Equations (SWE) are widely used to model and predict the flow dynamics in this kind of configurations. In this work, the unsteady SWE are used to model the water motion and they are solved using a finite volume upwind scheme able to cope with all flow regimes. Furthermore, the regulation of hydraulic structures at channels is frequently based on the PID controller. In this work, the implementation and coupling of the channel flow simulation with hydraulic elements and PID regulation is performed

Fault tolerant model predictive control of open channels

Automated control of water systems (irrigation canals, navigation canals, rivers etc.) relies on the measured data. The control action is calculated, in case of feedback controller, directly from the on-line measured data. If the measured data is corrupted, the calculated control action will have a different effect than it is desired. Therefore, it is crucial that the feedback controller receives good quality measurement data. On-line fault detection techniques can be applied in order to detect the faulty data and correct it. After the detection and correction of the sensor data, the controller should be able to still maintain the set point of the system. In this paper this principle using the sensor fault masking is applied to model predictive control of open channels. A case study of a reach of the northwest of the inland navigation network of France is presented. Model predictive control and water level sensor masking is applied.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN KALIUM PADA AIR IRIGASI DI DAERAH IRIGASI GLUNDENGAN KECAMATAN WULUHAN KABUPATEN JEMBER

Utilization of water for agricultural purposes is the highest, reaching 70% of the total utilization of water resources globally. In the Glundengan Irrigation Area, Wuluhan District, Jember Regency, with an area of ​​4996 ha, irrigation water is taken from the Bedadung River, and the excess water is discharged from the Glundengan Irrigation Area to the Bedadung River. This encourages research on the quality of irrigation water in these irrigation areas. This study aims to analyze the quality of irrigation water, especially the elemental content of potassium in the Glundengan irrigation channel. In the analysis of the quality of irrigation water, temporary sampling was carried out at two points, namely in the primary channel which carries water to the paddy fields and in the drainage channel which removes excess water from the irrigation area. The temperature and pH parameter analysis method used the standard SNI 6989.57:2008, while the K parameter analysis was carried out in the CDAST laboratory using the Flame Photometry-AAS method. The results of the analysis are compared with the water quality standards in Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 (PP 82/2001): Management of Water Quality and Control of Water Pollution. The results of the analysis show that the temperature parameters in the primary and exhaust channels are 24°C respectively. The pH parameters in the primary and sewer channels were 7.5 and 7.2, respectively. The K parameters in the primary and sewer channels were 0.00593 mg/l and 0.00745 mg/l respectively, these figures were relatively small. These three parameters meet the water quality standards of Class II according to PP 82/2001

Урахування залежності часу добігання води від її рівня і витрат

Розглядається модель руху води у каналах зрошувальної системи, яка враховує залежність часу добігання води від її рівня і витрат. Описуються методи знаходження оптимального керування зрошувальної системи.Рассматривается модель движения воды в каналах оросительной системы, которая учитывает зависимость времени добегания воды от ее расхода. Описываются методы нахождения оптимального управления оросительной системой.A model of water motion in irrigation system channels that takes into account dependence of running time on water expenditure level is considered. Methods of solving of irrigation optimal control system are described

Automation and control in surface irrigation systems: current status and expected future trends

Surface irrigation systems are the most popular methods for irrigating crops and pastures not only in Australia but the world over. However, these systems are often labour intensive and exhibit low water use efficiency. Rising labour costs especially in the developed world and competition for scarce water resources have generated renewed interest in the automation of surface irrigation systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current level of automation and control of surface irrigation systems. The automation techniques discussed utilise various devices including mechanical, electronic, pneumatic and hydraulic means. The use of telemetry is also discussed. With the almost universal access to high performance computers and fast internet, the concept of real-time control in surface irrigation is not far-fetched. Towards this end, an on-going research project at USQ aimed at modernising furrow irrigation by use of automatic control systems in real time is discusse

Decentralized fault-tolerant control of inland navigation networks: a challenge

Inland waterways are large-scale networks used principally for navigation. Even if the transport planning is an important issue, the water resource management is a crucial point. Indeed, navigation is not possible when there is too little or too much water inside the waterways. Hence, the water resource management of waterways has to be particularly efficient in a context of climate change and increase of water demand. This management has to be done by considering different time and space scales and still requires the development of new methodologies and tools in the topics of the Control and Informatics communities. This work addresses the problem of waterways management in terms of modeling, control, diagnosis and fault-tolerant control by focusing in the inland waterways of the north of France. A review of proposed tools and the ongoing research topics are provided in this paper.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version