36 research outputs found
Infinite time Turing machines and an application to the hierarchy of equivalence relations on the reals
We describe the basic theory of infinite time Turing machines and some recent
developments, including the infinite time degree theory, infinite time
complexity theory, and infinite time computable model theory. We focus
particularly on the application of infinite time Turing machines to the
analysis of the hierarchy of equivalence relations on the reals, in analogy
with the theory arising from Borel reducibility. We define a notion of infinite
time reducibility, which lifts much of the Borel theory into the class
in a satisfying way.Comment: Submitted to the Effective Mathematics of the Uncountable Conference,
200
Constructive Dimension and Turing Degrees
This paper examines the constructive Hausdorff and packing dimensions of
Turing degrees. The main result is that every infinite sequence S with
constructive Hausdorff dimension dim_H(S) and constructive packing dimension
dim_P(S) is Turing equivalent to a sequence R with dim_H(R) <= (dim_H(S) /
dim_P(S)) - epsilon, for arbitrary epsilon > 0. Furthermore, if dim_P(S) > 0,
then dim_P(R) >= 1 - epsilon. The reduction thus serves as a *randomness
extractor* that increases the algorithmic randomness of S, as measured by
constructive dimension.
A number of applications of this result shed new light on the constructive
dimensions of Turing degrees. A lower bound of dim_H(S) / dim_P(S) is shown to
hold for the Turing degree of any sequence S. A new proof is given of a
previously-known zero-one law for the constructive packing dimension of Turing
degrees. It is also shown that, for any regular sequence S (that is, dim_H(S) =
dim_P(S)) such that dim_H(S) > 0, the Turing degree of S has constructive
Hausdorff and packing dimension equal to 1.
Finally, it is shown that no single Turing reduction can be a universal
constructive Hausdorff dimension extractor, and that bounded Turing reductions
cannot extract constructive Hausdorff dimension. We also exhibit sequences on
which weak truth-table and bounded Turing reductions differ in their ability to
extract dimension.Comment: The version of this paper appearing in Theory of Computing Systems,
45(4):740-755, 2009, had an error in the proof of Theorem 2.4, due to
insufficient care with the choice of delta. This version modifies that proof
to fix the error
Early pioneers to reversible computation
Reversible computing is one of the most intensively developing research areas nowadays. We present a survey of less known or forgotten papers to show that a transfer of ideas between different disciplines is possible
Computability of differential equations
In this chapter, we provide a survey of results concerning the computability and computational complexity of differential equations. In particular, we study the conditions which ensure computability of the solution to an initial value problem for an ordinary differential equation (ODE) and analyze the computational complexity of a computable solution. We also present computability results concerning the asymptotic behaviors of ODEs as well as several classically important partial differential equations.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Effective Choice and Boundedness Principles in Computable Analysis
In this paper we study a new approach to classify mathematical theorems
according to their computational content. Basically, we are asking the question
which theorems can be continuously or computably transferred into each other?
For this purpose theorems are considered via their realizers which are
operations with certain input and output data. The technical tool to express
continuous or computable relations between such operations is Weihrauch
reducibility and the partially ordered degree structure induced by it. We have
identified certain choice principles which are cornerstones among Weihrauch
degrees and it turns out that certain core theorems in analysis can be
classified naturally in this structure. In particular, we study theorems such
as the Intermediate Value Theorem, the Baire Category Theorem, the Banach
Inverse Mapping Theorem and others. We also explore how existing
classifications of the Hahn-Banach Theorem and Weak K"onig's Lemma fit into
this picture. We compare the results of our classification with existing
classifications in constructive and reverse mathematics and we claim that in a
certain sense our classification is finer and sheds some new light on the
computational content of the respective theorems. We develop a number of
separation techniques based on a new parallelization principle, on certain
invariance properties of Weihrauch reducibility, on the Low Basis Theorem of
Jockusch and Soare and based on the Baire Category Theorem. Finally, we present
a number of metatheorems that allow to derive upper bounds for the
classification of the Weihrauch degree of many theorems and we discuss the
Brouwer Fixed Point Theorem as an example
Universal envelopes of discontinuous functions
This thesis is a contribution to computable analysis in the tradition of Grzegorczyk, Lacombe, and Weihrauch. The main theorem of computable analysis asserts that any computable function is continuous. The solution operators for many interesting problems encountered in practice turn out to be discontinuous, however. It hence is a natural question how much partial information may be obtained on the solutions of a problem with discontinuous solution operator in a continuous or computable way. We formalise this idea by introducing the notion of continuous envelopes of discontinuous functions. The envelopes of a given function can be partially ordered in a natural way according to the amount of information they encode. We show that for any function between computably admissible represented spaces this partial order has a greatest element, which we call the universal envelope. We develop some basic techniques for the calculation of a suitable representation of the universal envelope in practice. We apply the ideas we have developed to the problem of locating the fixed point set of a continuous self-map of the unit ball in finite-dimensional Euclidean space, and the problem of locating the fixed point set of a nonexpansive self-map of the unit ball in infinite-dimensional separable real Hilbert space